Three cases of Dial and Liebow's intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumour are described, with emphasis on ultrastructure histogenesis. The cells quite different from adjacent reactive alveolar electron microscopy does not support the suggested cell origin. contain abundant microfilaments, moderate amounts rough endoplasmic reticulum varying numbers Weibel-Palade bodies. With features smooth muscle, myofibroblast endothelial differentiation, a vascular origin precursor mesenchymal such as...

Abstract Background There is on-going controversy regarding the potential for increased respiratory effort to generate patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) in spontaneously breathing patients with COVID-19 acute hypoxaemic failure. However, direct clinical evidence linking inspiratory scarce. We adapted a computational simulator of cardiopulmonary pathophysiology quantify mechanical forces that could lead P-SILI at different levels effort. In accordance recent data, parameters were...

Abstract Introduction and objectives High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an increasingly popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support for the treatment patients with acute hypoxemic failure (AHRF). Previous experimental studies in healthy subjects have established that HFNC generates flow-dependent positive airway pressures, but no data available on levels mean pressure (mP aw ) or end-expiratory (PEEP) generated by AHRF patients. We aimed to estimate pressures at different rates...

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common challenge in feedlot cattle. Visual observation, with or with­out body temperature, continues to be standard method of BRD diagnosis, although previous studies have shown a poor correlation between trained observers and actual lung lesions at slaughter, indicating there room for improvement ante­mortem diagnosis. Several chute-side diagnostic tools been developed tested diagnosis BRD, but many lack adequate sensitivity practicality...

The predominant mechanism of the cardiac output reduction associated with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is unclear. Reported possibilities include decreased systemic venous return, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, or change in ventricular contractility. We investigated this question by studying 9 patients adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during PEEP application. used an equilibrium radionuclide angiography method modified for improved right imaging to evaluate...

OBJECTIVES: To clarify the mechanistic basis for success or failure of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute hypoxemic respiratory (AHRF). DESIGN: We created digital twins based on computational models individual patients with AHRF. SETTING: Interdisciplinary Collaboration Systems Medicine Research Network. SUBJECTS: used patient data from 30 moderate-to-severe AHRF who had failed high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy and subsequently underwent a trial NIV. INTERVENTIONS: Using twins, we...

The measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC) in patients receiving mechanical ventilation may provide valuable data the assessment and management acute respiratory failure. Previous descriptions apparatus techniques for FRC have either been inapplicable to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), or insufficiently detailed allow convenient duplication clinical setting. authors describe a helium rebreathing method bedside determination which can be performed during with PEEP is...

Optimal respiratory support in early COVID-19 pneumonia is controversial and remains unclear. Using computational modelling, we examined whether lung injury might be exacerbated by assessing the impact of conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high-flow nasal (HFNOT), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), noninvasive ventilation (NIV).Using an established multi-compartmental cardiopulmonary simulator, first modelled COT at a fixed FiO2 (0.6) with elevated effort for 30 min 120...

Fifty-six measurements of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level, diffusing capacity (DLCO), and total lung (TLC) were made in 18 sarcoid patients with a maximum 25 months follow-up observation. During spontaneous or corticosteroid-induced changes disease activity, there was significant inverse correlation between ACE level DLCO TLC. These observations suggest that measurement may be useful adjunct to pulmonary function tests follow the course sarcoidosis monitor effects corticosteroid...

Abstract Background There is on-going controversy regarding the potential for increased respiratory effort to generate patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) in spontaneously breathing patients with COVID-19 acute hypoxaemic failure. However, direct clinical evidence linking inspiratory scarce. We adapted a computational simulator of cardiopulmonary pathophysiology quantify mechanical forces that could lead P-SILI at different levels effort. In accordance recent data, parameters were...

We examined blood lymphocyte subpopulations in 20 patients with sarcoidosis, 37 other diseases, and 51 normal subjects. The B-lymphocytes were identified by the presence of surface immunoglobulin or B-lymphocyte-associated antigen. Lymphocytes also centrifuged sheep erythrocytes for 5 min at room temperature 200 g, rosette formation was assayed immediately (active E-rosette-forming T-lymphocytes) after 60-min incubation 4 degrees C (total T-lymphocytes). counts did not differ among groups....

This report relates to a study group hosted by the EPSRC funded network, Integrating data-driven BIOphysical models into REspiratory MEdicine (BIOREME), and supported The Insigneo Institute Knowledge Transfer Network. BIOREME network hosts events, including this group, bring together multi-disciplinary researchers, clinicians, companies charities catalyse research in applications of mathematical modelling for respiratory medicine. goal was provide an interface between companies,...

<title>Abstract</title> <italic>Introduction and Objectives:</italic> High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an increasingly popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support for the treatment patients with acute hypoxemic failure (AHRF). Previous experimental studies in healthy subjects have established that HFNC generates flow-dependent positive airway pressures, but no data available on levels mean pressure (MAP) or end-expiratory (PEEP) generated by AHRF patients. We aimed to estimate...

The magnitude of inspiratory effort relief within the first 2 hours non-invasive ventilation for hypoxic respiratory failure was shown in a recent exploratory clinical study to be an early and accurate predictor outcome at 24 hours. We simulated application three patients whose physiological characteristics match data that study. Reductions corresponding reductions esophageal pressure swing greater than 10 cmH2O more halved values total lung stress, driving pressure, power transpulmonary...

Abstract Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) is routinely used as part of lung protective ventilation strategies in the treatment acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In case ARDS arising due to COVID-19 (CARDS), there some debate whether atypical pathophysiological characteristics disease which lead hypoxaemia could warrant a modified approach ventilator management, particularly with regards PEEP settings. Here we review available evidence for existence unique underlying...