A5071082987- Glass properties and applications
- Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Nuclear materials and radiation effects
- Pigment Synthesis and Properties
- Iron and Steelmaking Processes
- Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Material Dynamics and Properties
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Granular flow and fluidized beds
- Radiative Heat Transfer Studies
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
- Nuclear and radioactivity studies
- Material Science and Thermodynamics
- Concrete and Cement Materials Research
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
- Engineering and Material Science Research
- Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Building materials and conservation
United States Department of Energy
2020-2024
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2012-2021
Battelle
2000-2021
Pohang University of Science and Technology
2012-2017
American Ceramic Society
1983-2016
United States Department of Commerce
2001-2011
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
1996-2011
American National Standards Institute
2006
American Nuclear Society
2006
Argonne National Laboratory
2006
The immobilization of technetium-99 (99Tc) in a suitable host matrix has proven to be challenging task for researchers the nuclear waste community around world. In this context, present work reports on solubility and retention rhenium, nonradioactive surrogate 99Tc, sodium borosilicate glass. Glasses containing target Re concentrations from 0 10 000 ppm [by mass, added as KReO4 (Re7+)] were synthesized vacuum-sealed quartz ampules minimize loss volatilization during melting at 1000 °C....
The kinetics of the feed-to-glass conversion affects waste vitrification rate in an electric glass melter. primary area interest this process is cold cap, a layer reacting feed on top molten glass. work presented here provides experimental determination temperature distribution within cap. Because direct measurement field cap impracticable, indirect method was developed which textural features laboratory-made with simulated high-level were mapped as function position using optical...
The rate of glass production during vitrification in an all‐electrical melter greatly impacts the cost and schedule nuclear waste treatment immobilization. feed is charged to on top molten glass, where it forms a layer reacting melting material, called cold cap. During final stages batch‐to‐glass conversion process, gases evolved from reactions produce primary foam, growth collapse which controls rate. mathematical model cap was revised include functional representation foam behavior account...
The feed‐to‐glass conversion, which comprises complex chemical reactions and phase transitions, occurs in the cold cap during nuclear waste vitrification. To investigate conversion process, we analyzed heat‐treated samples of a simulated high‐level feed using X‐ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, leaching tests, residual anion analysis. Feed dehydration, gas evolution, borate formation occurred at temperatures below 700°C before emerging glass‐forming melt was completely...
Abstract Nuclear waste can be vitrified by mixing it with glass‐forming and ‐modifying additives. The resulting feed is charged into an electric glass melter. To comprehend melting behavior of a high‐alumina melter feed, we monitored the volume expansion pellets in response to heating at different rates. feeds were prepared particle sizes quartz (the major additive component) varied silica‐to‐fluxes ratio investigate melt viscosity effects. Also, used additional additives premelted frit. was...
The activation energy of glass melt viscosity, η, is nearly constant at temperatures which η < 100 Pa s. Provided that the preexponential factor a composition-independent constant, only function composition, and viscosity–composition relationships utmost simplicity can be formulated to provide welcome advantage in computational fluid dynamics modeling melting furnaces processing multicomponent glasses. Using dataset with over 3000 viscosity values acquired experimentally for temperature...
Abstract High‐alumina high‐level waste ( HLW ) glasses are prone to nepheline precipitation during canister‐centerline cooling CCC ). If sufficient forms, the chemical durability of glass will be significantly impacted. Overly conservative constraints have been developed and used avoid deleterious effects formation in U.S. glasses. The shown limit loading at Hanford therefore cost schedule cleanup. A 90‐glass study was performed develop an improved understanding impacts composition on ....
Abstract During the final stages of batch‐to‐glass conversion in a waste‐glass melter, gases evolving cold cap produce primary foam, formation and collapse which control glass production rate via its effect on heat transfer to reacting batch. We performed quantitative evolved gas analysis (EGA) for several HLW melter feeds with temperatures ranging from 100 1150°C, whole temperature span cap. EGA results were supplemented visual observation transition using feed expansion tests. Upon...