Microplastics (MPs) are globally distributed in aquatic environments, and become a growing threat to the ecosystem. It is urgently needed develop effective technologies remove MPs from water. In this review, we summarized progress major for removal of MPs. Currently, multiple have been developed including physical, chemical, biological approaches. Filtration technology has various efficiency, but relatively high cost due membrane fouling replacing new filter membranes. The approach...

Herein, we report a convergent synthesis of 1-azahelicenes using easily available quinoline derivatives and cyclic diaryliodonium salts as starting materials. This reaction undergoes palladium-catalyzed dual C-H activation/cyclization process to give facile access wide range 1-aza[5]helicenes 1-aza[6]helicenes with abundant functional groups (including F, Cl, Br, I, CF

The probabilistic gradient estimator (PAGE) algorithm allows switching between vanilla SGD and variance-reduced methods in a flexible manner. This motivates us to develop novel momentum-based algorithms for non-convex finite-sum problems. Specifically, we replace with momentum acceleration PAGE, the term is integrated inner outer parts of estimator, named mPAGE-l mPAGE-O, respectively. Furthermore, propose unified algorithmic framework variants cover mPAGE-I denoted as mPAGE. For objectives,...

Terahertz (THz) radiation has been widely applied in the areas of spectroscopy, sensing and imaging. With advancement THz technologies, imaging progressed significantly huge potential applications medical diagnosis, environmental control, chemical biological identification. In past, people mainly focused on overcoming obstacles hardware, such as limitation resolution, accuracy speed system. this paper, image enhancement techniques are employed to enhance contrast get better profile image....

Herein, a novel visible-light photocatalytic radical addition-translocation-cyclization (RATC) approach for the efficient synthesis of sulfonyl-containing azacycles is described. The reaction delivers wide range monocyclic, bicyclic and polycyclic by using easily prepared sodium sulfinates N-homopropargylic amines as starting materials. Instead traditionally used toxic tin reagents thermally hazardous azos in RATC process, clean, renewable sustainable visible light combined with catalytic...

Benign design of alkali-activated slag/FA geopolymer paste has attracted increasing attention for optimizing its service performance. Therefore, the replacement fly ash (FA) with 10 wt% silica fume (SF) is investigated by mechanical strength after freeze–thawing cycles and microstructure characterization. The results show that an appropriate dosage (30 wt%) slag necessary to prepare heat-free curing excellent SF/slag/FA (SF:slag:FA = 10:30:60, exerts enhanced compressive flexural 95.2 3.2...

This paper proposes an approach for the generation of high time-bandwidth product (TBP) and repetition rate pulse compression period signal. The complex spectral grating is created through a reference multiple programming pulses with different start frequencies. As probe chirped frequencies interact gratings, TBP signal thus generated. technique has potential to generate 10⁵ when reaches up tens GHz. At end this paper, two simulation results 4×10⁵ 20 GHz are presented.

A novel approach for generating a high bit rate m-ary pulse position modulation (PPM) signal is proposed. This implemented by using two temporally overlapping linear frequency chirps (TOLFC) and multiple probe pulses interact with rare-Earth-doped crystal (REIC). By simply adjusting the start of pulse, time interval compressed in PPM was controlled. The relationship between shift theoretically analyzed verified simulation. In last part, simulation performed, which shows 4-PPM at 10 Gbit/s...

The field of terahertz (THz) science and technology has achieved significant progress over the last decades. Research interest focuses on THz spectroscopy imaging. signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) system is great importance in application In this letter, wavelet de-noising used to improve SNR increase speed time-domain by reducing repeating times.

Recycling of metallurgical solid waste has intriguing increasing attention for fabricating cementitious materials, due to its low-carbon emission, cost-effectiveness, and environmental conservation. Herein, the effects silica fume (SF) on microstructure mechanical properties alkali-activated slag/FA (fly ash) pastes subjected elevated temperatures (150, 500, 850, 1200℃) are investigated, clarify fact that whether or not SF generates positive roles in geopolymers. The results show replacement...

Adam is a commonly used stochastic optimization algorithm in machine learning. However, its convergence still not fully understood, especially the non-convex setting. This paper focuses on exploring hyperparameter settings for of vanilla and tackling challenges non-ergodic related to practical application. The primary contributions are summarized as follows: firstly, we introduce precise definitions ergodic convergence, which cover nearly all forms algorithms. Meanwhile, emphasize...

With the rapid advancement and extensive application of artificial intelligence technology, large language models (LLMs) are extensively used to enhance production, creativity, learning, work efficiency across various domains. However, abuse LLMs also poses potential harm human society, such as intellectual property rights issues, academic misconduct, false content, hallucinations. Relevant research has proposed use LLM watermarking achieve IP protection for traceability multimedia data...

Benign design of alkali-activated slag/FA geopolymer paste has intriguing increasing attention for optimizing its service performance. Therefore, the replacement fly ash (FA) with 10 wt% silica fume (SF) is investigated by mechanical strength after freeze-thawing cycles and microstructure characterization. The results show that an appropriate dosage (30 wt%) slag necessary to attain excellent performance, SF/slag/FA (SF: slag: FA= 10:30:60, exerts compressive flexural 95.2 3.2 MPa,...

Polymer chain extenders, commonly used in plastic production, have garnered increasing attention due to their potential environmental impacts. However, a comprehensive understanding of ecological risks remains largely unknown. In this study, we employed the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans investigate toxicological profiles ten commonly-used extenders. Exposure environmentally relevant concentrations these extenders (ranging from 0.1 µg L-1 10 mg L-1) caused significant variations...

We investigate the intensity and efficiency of a compressed echo, which is important in arbitrary waveform generation (AWG). A new model echo proposed based on optical Bloch equations, exposes much more detailed parameters than conventional model, such as time delay chirp lasers, nature rare-earth-ion-doped crystal, etc. According to novel we find that reducing lasers scanning around center frequency inhomogeneously broadened spectrum, while utilizing crystal with larger coherence excitation...