Abstract Structural optimization has progressed substantially over the last half century. However, literature on of structures under random excitation is limited. This study provides a framework for structural subject to stochastic dynamic loading. Illustrative examples nonstationary seismic and stationary wind loads are presented demonstrate procedure. Both safety serviceability considered concurrently. The objective function given in terms both harmful interstory drift angle; whereas...

Abstract According to conceptual metaphor, this study finds and categorizes three metaphors in perfume commercials: FRAGRANCE IS ATTRACTION, EMOTION, OBJECT. Drawing on the analytical tool of multimodal metaphor analysis, further analyzes how commercials complete metaphorical operation mechanism mapping from visual auditory modes olfactory. It is found that, different traditional definition a concrete source domain an abstract target metaphors, joint participation multiple may cause reversal...

Via literature review and observation, differentiated teaching in the lower grades of X Primary School's language classes was examined. The school has seen progress, as teachers recognize students' individual differences set varied requirements. Nevertheless, problems surface, including lack pre - assessment, ineffective grouping strategies, non hierarchical homework, overlooking student feedback reflection. Proposed solutions involve strengthening analysis, adopting flexible grouping,...

A stochastic optimisation procedure is proposed for the design of low- and mid-rise buckling restrained braced frames subject to seismic loading. The excitation represented as a zero-mean nonstationary filtered white noise. Bouc–Wen model chosen represent hysteretic behaviour braces. equivalent linearisation method employed determine second-order statistics structural responses from non-linear system. Three intensity levels are considered in this study, which associated earthquakes with...

Abstract Augmented reality (AR) is a technology superimposes interactional virtual objects onto real environment. Since the beginning of millennium, AR technologies have rapidly grown, with significant research publications in engineering and science. However, civil infrastructure community has minimally implemented to date. Civil engineers face one challenges when understanding using lack classification context capabilities for applications. Like most fields, practitioners prioritize new...

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are used in high-rise buildings to convert solar energy electricity. Due the considerable consumption of buildings, applying PV technology is great significance saving. In application panels, one most important construction issues connection panel with main structures. One major difficulty design that consists two separate components coupling and indeterminate dimension. this paper, gap element employed these separated but coupled components, i.e., hook catch....

In recent years, augmented reality (AR) technology has been increasingly employed in structural health monitoring (SHM). the case of conditions following a seismic event, inspections are conducted to evaluate progression damage pattern quantitatively and efficiently respond if displacement is determined be unsafe. Additionally, quantification nearby changes over short-term long-term periods can provide building inspectors with information improve safety. This paper proposes Time Machine...

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology superimposing interactional virtual objects onto real environment. Since the beginning of millennium, AR technologies have shown rapid growth, with significant research publications in engineering and science. However, civil infrastructure community has minimally implemented to date. One challenges that engineers face when understanding using lack classification context capabilities for applications. Practitioners infrastructure, like most fields,...

The text of the recitation art work is root and soul literary work, re-creation plays a vital role in presentation work. process should be synchronized with times, more importantly, it promote cultural development, facilitate exchanges, enrich artistic connotation reproduce historical classics. grasped from multiple perspectives, responsive to dissemination times conducive expression creator's articulated language. Creators also grasp comprehensively deeply understand heart soul, so that has...