Although widely deemed as a tumor suppressor gene, the role of B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) in bladder cancer is still inconclusive. We investigated and regulatory mechanism BTG2 cancer. expression human tissues was determined by RT-qPCR immunoblotting assays. Expressions PTEN carcinoma cells were immunoblotting, RT-qPCR, or reporter The 3 H-thymidine incorporation assay, flow cytometry, xenograft animal model used to determine cell growth. lower than normal tissues. Highly...

Hyperglycemia and hyperglycosuria, two primary characteristics of diabetes mellitus, may increase the risk cancer initiation, particularly for bladder cancer. The effectiveness metformin, a common antidiabetic agent, is determined by its ability to induce GDF15. However, mechanism GDF15 in relation glucose, which influences tumor microenvironment human bladder, not fully understood. This study explores potential roles response glucose bladder. High treatment (30 mM) enhanced phosphorylation...

Scope Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a bioactive component of propolis, is considered as new anti-cancer agent. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the most common oral cancer with unsatisfying survival. N-myc downstream regulated family genes (NDRGs) involve in numerous physiological processes. We investigated effect CAPE on OSCC and related mechanisms. Methods results Cell proliferation assay, western blot, gene transfection knockdown, reporter assay were applied. showed that...

Transgelin (TAGLN/SM22-α) is a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, affecting survival, migration, and apoptosis various cancer cells divergently; however, roles TAGLN in bladder carcinoma remain inconclusive. We compared expressions human to normal tissues determine potential biological functions regulatory mechanisms cells. Results RT-qPCR immunoblot assays indicated that were higher smooth muscle cells, fibroblast epithelial than (RT-4, HT1376, TSGH-8301, T24) vitro. Besides, results...

Maspin is a member of the clade B serine protease inhibitor superfamily and exhibits diverse regulatory effects in various types solid tumors. We compared expressions maspin determined its potential biological functions mechanisms bladder carcinoma cells vitro vivo. The results RT-qPCR indicated that expressed significantly lower levels cancer tissues than paired normal tissues. immunohistochemical assays human tissue arrays revealed similar results. Maspin-knockdown enhanced cell invasion...

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a bioactive component extracted from propolis, is widely studied due to its anti-cancer effect. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) distinct other head and neck carcinomas has high risk of distant metastases. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) demonstrated as tumor suppressor in several cancers. Our result showed that CAPE treatment could repress NPC cell growth, through induction S phase cycle arrest, invasion. stimulated NDRG1 expression cells....

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has several important roles in hepatocytes terms of anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and antioxidant properties. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine associated with liver regeneration protection against injury. The aim this study was to determine the potential crosstalk between HO-1 IL-6, elucidate signaling pathways involved induction by IL-6 human hepatoma cells. Ectopic overexpression not only attenuated cell proliferation vitro vivo, but also blocked...

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a honeybee propolis-derived bioactive ingredient, has not been extensively elucidated regarding its effect on prostate cancer and associated mechanisms. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 gene (MALT1) modulates NF-κB signal transduction in lymphoma non-lymphoma cells. We investigated the functions regulatory mechanisms of CAPE relation to MALT1 carcinoma In p53- androgen receptor (AR)-positive cells, downregulated AR expression but enhanced that p53,...

Functions of metallothionein 2A (MT2A) in bladder cancer have not been extensively explored even though metallothioneins are regarded as modulators several biological regulations including oxidation and cancerous development. We evaluated MT2A carcinoma cells terms the mechanisms regulation underlying functions. overexpression only downregulated endogenous ROS but also blocked induced by H2O2. used annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay to determine modulation H2O2-induced cell expression. Results...

Metallothioneins have been viewed as modulators in a number of biological regulations regarding cancerous development; however, the function metallothionein 3 (MT3) bladder cancer is unexplored. We determined regulatory mechanisms and potential MT3 carcinoma cells. Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) assays revealed that TSGH-8301 cells expressed more levels than RT-4, HT1376, T24 Immunoblot RT-qPCR showed arsenic (AS₂O₃) treatments enhanced gene expression...

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a bioactive component of propolis, has beneficial effects on cancer prevention. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an antitumor gene bladder cancer. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-cancer effect CAPE carcinoma cells and related mechanisms. The expressions GDF15, N-myc downstream-regulated 1 (NDRG1), maspin, activations extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun Nterminal (JNK), p38, 50 adenosine monophosphate-activated protein...

Prostate cancer is one of the most common seen malignancies and leading cause cancer-related death among men. Given importance early diagnosis treatment, it worth to identify a potential novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) gene involved in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal transduction by acting as an adaptor protein paracaspase, with essential role inflammation tumorigenesis many cancers. This study investigated functions regulatory...

The WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), a member of the connective tissue growth factor family, plays crucial role in several important cellular functions highly tissue-specific manner. Results RT-qPCR indicated that WISP1 expressed only cells human prostate fibroblasts, HPrF and WPMY-1, but not carcinoma vitro. Two major isoforms (WISP1v1 WISP1v2) were identified determined by RT-PCR immunoblot assays. knock-down blocked cell proliferation contraction, while treating...

: Migration and invasion enhancer 1 (MIEN1) is a membrane-anchored protein exists in various cancerous tissues. However, the roles of MIEN1 prostate cancer have not yet been clearly addressed. We determined expression, biological functions, regulatory mechanisms prostate. The results immunohistochemical analysis indicated that was expressed specifically epithelial cells significantly higher adenocarcinoma as compared to normal enhanced vitro cell proliferation, invasion, vivo tumorigenesis....

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties is deemed as a tissue protector. However, effects of HO-1 in prostate cancer remain controversy. We evaluated the role carcinoma vitro vivo. Overexpression did not affect cell proliferation normal condition but enhanced under serum starvation. overexpression invasion PC-3 cells through epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction, which was supported by increased Slug, N-cadherin, vimentin expressions. In xenograft...

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), an RNA with two forms of the antigen (HDAg), relies on hepatitis B (HBV) for envelope proteins essential hepatocyte entry. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks third in global cancer deaths, yet HDV’s involvement remains uncertain. Among 300 HBV-associated HCC serum samples from Taiwan’s National Health Research Institutes, 2.7% (8/300) tested anti-HDV positive, 62.7% (5/8) these also HDV positive. Genotyping revealed HDV-2 one sample, HDV-4 two, and showed mixed...

The functions of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) within the human bladder remain unexplored. This study delves into expressions, functions, and regulatory mechanisms ATF3 in cancer. Gene expressions were determined by immunoblot, RT-qPCR, reporter assays. Assays Ki67, colony formation, Matrigel invasion, xenograft animal used to assess cell proliferation, tumorigenesis vitro vivo. Silico analysis from TCGA database examined correlations between GDF15 clinicopathologic features,...

Glucose can activate the carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) transcription factor to control gene expressions in metabolic pathways. The way of ChREBP involvement human prostate cancer development remains undetermined. This study examined interactions between fibroblasts and cells under influences ChREBP. Results showed that high glucose (30 mM) increased phosphorylation AKT at S473 AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) S485 fibroblast (HPrF) PC-3 cells. High enhanced expression...

The androgen-dependent or -independent pathways are regarded as primary therapeutic targets for the neoplasm of prostate. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) acting a paracaspase in regulation nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal transduction plays central role inflammation and oncogenesis cancers. This study confirmed potential linkages between androgen NF-κB activation by inducing MALT1 receptor-full length (ARFL)-positive LNCaP 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells. Although did not stimulate...

While the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is recognized as an inflammatory mediator and a potent attractant for immune cells, its functions within human prostate remain unclear. This study explored expression, functions, regulatory mechanisms of CXCL5 in stroma cancer cells. secreted from cells enhanced neutrophil migration. induced cell proliferation invasion vitro tumorigenesis xenograft animal model. receptor 2 (CXCR2) has been identified on surface fibroblasts The supernatant...

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is known as a TGFβ-like cytokine acting on the TGFβ receptor to modulate target genes. GDF15 regarded tumor suppressor gene in human bladder and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) induces expression inhibit growth vitro vivo. However, interactions among GDF15, CAPE, TGFβ/Smads signaling carcinoma cells remain unexplored. Results revealed that downregulated of via activation Smad 2/3 1/5. Induction its downstream genes, NDRG1 maspin, dependent...