Conventional hysteresis modeling of piezoelectric actuators using interferometers or capacitive sensors is often performed off-line. However, the actuator changes as load acting on it driving frequency input signal alters, demanding that micromanipulator be modeled fly. The employment a challenging task in micromanipulation systems due to their special requirements, e.g., micropipette tip desired provide mirror-like reflection incoming beam if an interferometer employed while sensor might...

To investigate the impact of bone mass and volume low-density zones beneath tibial plateau on maximum von Mises stresses experienced by cartilage meniscus in knee joint. The study included one healthy adult volunteer, from whom CT scans were obtained, patient diagnosed with osteoarthrisis (KOA), for X-ray films acquired. A static model joint featuring a zone was established based normal model. In finite element analysis, axial loads 1 000 N 800 applied to weight-bearing region upper surface...

Abstract How to control water-cut of mature oilfields is always a challenging task for field operators. In order excess water production, new selective plugging agent was developed. It made up crude oil and emulsifier. Squeezed into zones, it forms emulsion when contacting with water. The viscosity 20 times that the used, leading zone. contrast, entering zones dissolves without causing any damage. Due its selectivity, can be injected high production wells by bullhead method. purpose this...

Abstract Surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding is one of the most promising methods in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), especially where an existing waterflooding infrastructure place. This work part a broader research theme which our group evaluating potential biochemicals for chemical (CEOR). Biosurfactants belong to diverse surface-active chemicals generated by microbial fermentation. Recently, use biosurfactants CEOR formulation has gained greater attention due their biodegradability, low...

A prototype for automatic control of mechanical forces acting on cell biomembranes is proposed in this paper. This consists vision-guided position the holder and micro-force sensor, property characterization biomembranes. template-free calibration method autofocusing multiple objects are introduced to minimize external biological contamination cell, sensor into same focal plane, respectively. third-order polynomial modified from biomembrane point-load model describing relationship between...

A new self-calibration method for a piezoelectric actuator-based vision-guided cell micromanipulation system is proposed. This consolidates all the parameters' uncertainties into matrix instead of classifying intrinsic and extrinsic. The position difference micromanipulator tip in image plane between measured estimated output which based on estimations relevant parameters assumed to be caused by matrix. means collecting several pairs known input corresponding differences. Matrix standard...

Vision guided automatic cell injection system has become increasingly important in the past ten years. The existing systems mainly deal with large cells size bigger than 40 micrometers. However, when dealing small cells, internal and external disturbances presented may affect success rate of injections significantly. In this paper, setup vision is presented. Feature tracking, micropipette positioning, membrane penetration biological material processes for around 20 micrometers are discussed....

Autofocusing is an essential technique in many machine vision aided microscopy application. This paper presents a comparison study of 6 autofocusing algorithms under bright field illumination: a) Normalized Variance (VAR), b) Tenengrad Gradient (TEN), c) DB06 wavelet filter (DB06), d) Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), e) Standard Deviation (STD) and f) Sum Modulus Difference (SMD). In the study, all are integrated with exhaustive search implemented using LabVIEW on Pentium 4 desktop computer. A...

Plant cell injection is difficult due to the complicated structure of cells. Possesses great challenges carry out task automatically because large area it covers and multiple layers In this paper, an automatic system based on microscopic focus measurement developed automate process also enable flexible selection target A new strategy presented overcome problem that micromanipulator cells cannot be in same focal plane during process. The depth information which key unknown variable needed...

In this paper, a new calibration method for piezoelectric actuator-based vision guided cell microinjection system is proposed. This puts all the parameterspsila uncertainties in lumped rotational matrix instead of classifying parameters into extrinsic and intrinsic categories. The difference between measured nominal output assumed to be caused by uncertainties. Parameterspsila are identified collecting 3 pairs input differences. Image-based position controllers designed based on results....

Mechanical force and geometric deformation that are applied on the cell will be transduced into biomedical signals which has been known as mechanotransduction. In turn, we expect a particular function could realized by giving specific physical stimulus to cell. this work, novel membrane strain model for circular under indentation is developed. Based model, of comprehensively measured. A modeling control system proposed identify deformability deform desired profile. The employs visual...

Mechanical force sensing is an important and integral component in the study of viscoelastic properties biological cells. In this study, a vision-based non-contact technique for real-time stressing cells by vision-guided robotic micromanipulation system introduced. The capable providing external mechanical on with predefined profile estimating cell membrane deformation using proposed strain model. One phenomena manifesting gradual reduction reaction compressive stress under cyclic loading....

Summary In this study, we evaluated the potential of carbonated water flooding for carbonate heavy oil reservoirs. Coreflooding studies were conducted using a 560-cP and core plugs. The computer tomography (CT) scanning was performed to evaluate dissolution impact on rock. Results showed that produced additional 15.5% original in (OOIC) beyond waterflooding, indicating CO2 effectively diffuses into after injection. This helps reduce viscosity favorably improves mobility. After flood, slight...

Hydrostatic pressure is an effective tool that can give rise to novel crystal structures and physical properties. In this paper, we perform the first-principles calculation based on density-functional theory (DFT) study structural, electronic, elastic, optical properties of chalcogenide perovskite SrZrS3 under pressure. The results indicated both lattice constant cell volume decrease with increase pressure, which are matched well available previous values. obtained elastic constants reveal...

An inspection process is a bottle neck in remanufacturing industry. This work currently done by skilled worker that leads to human dependency and product expansion difficulty. paper introduces novel method for automatically identifying defects estimating the nominal profile of measured data via spline technique. The first split into defect feature through piecewise functions. then fitted estimate profile. Validation results show proposed feasible build an automatic system

Summary A laboratory study on microsphere injection in a large volume (1 pore volume) was conducted to explore its oil recovery capacity as flooding agent. This work aims Middle-East reservoir with oil-wet high-permeable carbonate nature. An etched micromodel made based the network of natural core plugs and treated silicon oil. Water displace at temperature (95°C), followed by 1 injection. significant obtained using concentration ranged from 0.5% 5%. As comparison, injected into water-wet...

Biological cells possess biochemical modules and physical shapes to maintain appropriate biological function. Different types of force deformation are applied on investigate the response mechanical properties. In biophysics field, studies use indentation cell membranes examine elastic-viscoelastic properties cells. Experiments in different predefined profiles frequencies required test fidelity predictive capability creep The accuracy repeatability given stimulus significant factor...

Conventional camera calibration that utilizes the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters of objects has certain limitations for micro-level cell operations due to presence hardware deviations external disturbances during experimental process, thereby invalidating parameters. This invalidation is often neglected in macro-world visual servoing affects image processing quality, causing deviation from desired position operations. To increase success rate vision guided biological micromanipulations,...

Making changes of cells function by regulating the external mechanical environment is one major interests in mechanobiology field. Based on extensive studies, force at nano-to-micro newton and geometric shape nano to-micrometer are physical stimuli that can be sensed cells. It has been postulated controllable cell responses produced activating diversity mechanosesory proteins through or shape. In this paper, a real-time machine vision algorithm proposed to improve efficiency robustness...

Vision guided automatic cell injection system has become increasingly important in the past ten years. The existing systems mainly deal with large cells size bigger than 40 micrometers. However, when dealing small cells, internal and external disturbances presented may affect success rate of injections significantly. In this paper, setup vision is presented. Feature tracking, micropipette positioning, membrane penetration biological material processes for around 20 micrometers are discussed....

Summary Chemicals for viscosity reduction play an important role in improving heavy oil production amongst other more commonly used technologies such as crude heating by steam, and dilution with solvents. The unique features of the reducer chemicals dissolved aqueous solutions make it easy to handle implement wellbore lifting, huff-n-puff or well-to-well injection. In this work, properties water-soluble reducers were evaluated synthetic brine oil. sample greatest performance was selected...