Chronic exposure to opiates eventually leads drug addiction, which is believed involve maladaptive changes in brain function, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain primarily unknown. Given known effects of such as morphine and heroin on hippocampal we investigated potential effect chronic opiate treatment long-term potentiation (LTP) at CA1 synapses rat hippocampus, a leading experimental model for studying synaptic plasticity. Our results revealed that rats or heroin, induced severe...

Bacteria can be genetically engineered to act as therapeutic delivery vehicles in the treatment of tumors, killing cancer cells or activating immune system. This is known bacteria-mediated therapy (BMCT). Tumor invasion, colonization and tumor regression are major biological events, which directly associated with antitumor effects uncontrollable due influence microenvironments during BMCT process. Here, we developed a genetic circuit for dynamically programming bacterial lifestyles...

Synthetic biologists have attempted to solve real-world problems, such as those of bacterial biofilms, that are involved in the pathogenesis many clinical infections and difficult eliminate. To address this, we employed a blue light responding system integrated it into chromosomes Pseudomonas aeruginosa. With making rational adaptions improvements light-activated system, provided robust convenient means spatiotemporally control gene expression manipulate biological processes with minimal...

Opiate abuse causes adaptive changes in several processes of synaptic transmission which the glutamatergic system appears a critical element involved opiate tolerance and dependence, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In present study, we found that glutamate uptake hippocampal synaptosomes was significantly increased (by 70% chronic morphine-treated rats) during morphine withdrawal period, likely attributable to an increase number functional transporters. Immunoblot analysis showed...

Liver cancer stands as one of the most pervasive and aggressive malignant neoplasms on a global scale, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for over 90% primary liver cases. It has been documented that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays significant role in various pathological contexts serves pivotal determinant numerous malignancies, including HCC. Leveraging mRNA sequencing data lncRNA expression profiles from 346 HCC samples 50 pairs adjacent normal sourced TCGA database,...

Bacterial pathogens operate by tightly controlling the pathogenicity to facilitate invasion and survival in host. While small molecule inducers can be designed modulate perform studies of pathogen–host interaction, these approaches, due diffusion property chemicals, may have unintended, or pleiotropic effects that impose limitations on their use. By contrast, light provides superior spatial temporal resolution. Here, using optogenetics we reengineered GacS opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas...

Neurotrophins are critically involved in developmental processes such as neuronal cell survival, growth, and differentiation, well adult synaptic plasticity contributing to learning memory. Our previous studies examining neurotrophins memory formation Aplysia showed that a TrkB ligand is required for MAPK activation, long-term facilitation (LTF), (LTM) sensitization. These indicate neurotrophin-like molecules can act key elements functionally conserved signaling pathway. Here we report have...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection has become an intractable problem worldwide due to the decreasing efficacy of mainstay therapy, antibiotic treatment. Hence, exploring new drugs and therapies address this issue is crucial. Here, we construct a chimeric pyocin (ChPy) specifically kill P. engineer near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive strain produce deliver drug. Our engineered bacterial can continuously ChPy in absence light release it via remotely precisely controlled lysis...

Analgesia is a well-documented effect of acupuncture. A critical role in pain sensation plays the nervous system, including GABAergic system and opioid receptor (OR) activation. Here we investigated regulation GABA transporter GAT1 by δOR rats Xenopus oocytes. Synaptosomes brain from chronically exposed to opiates exhibited reduced uptake, indicating that transport might be regulated receptors. For further investigation have expressed mouse together with μOR The function was analyzed terms...

A Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, CHO‐ORL 1 , stably expressing human opioid receptor‐like receptor (ORL ) has been used to determine ORL ‐mediated signaling events using microphysiometry. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), a specific endogenous agonist of induced an increase in extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) cells. The ECAR response stimulated by N/OFQ was concentration‐dependent and pertussis toxin‐sensitive. Repeated exposures the cells caused desensitization . recovered at...

Postsynaptic release of Ca²⁺ from intracellular stores is an important means cellular signaling that mediates numerous forms synaptic plasticity. Previous studies have identified a postsynaptic requirement for form short-term plasticity, post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) at sensory neuron (SN)–motor synapses in <i>Aplysia</i>. Here, we show IP₃-mediated response to presynaptic tetanus SN induces PTP can confer transient plasticity onto neighboring synapse receiving...

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), an endogenous ligand for opioid receptor-like receptor, has been shown to inhibit high-voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in acutely dissociated rat hippocampal pyramidal cells [Knoflach, F., Reinscheid, R.K., Civelli, O. & Kemp, J.A. (1996), J. Neurosci., 16, 6657]. In this study, it was further demonstrated that N/OFQ inhibition of channel current blocked by its specific antagonist PGN, [Phe1-psi(CH2-NH)-Gly2]nociceptin (1-13)-NH2, and the EC50...

To describe a case of young, immunocompetent male who presented with intractable headaches. He was found to have cryptogenic brain abscess uncommon organisms on culture (HACEK spectrum and Actinomyces). Aside from patent foramen ovale, no evidence endocarditis found, nor other predisposing cardiac or dental disease.

and HACEK (