We present an experimental study of the longitudinal electron-spin relaxation time (${T}_{1}$) negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles in diamond. ${T}_{1}$ was studied as a function temperature from 5 to 475 K and magnetic field 0 630 G for several samples with various NV nitrogen concentrations. Our studies reveal three processes responsible relaxation. Above room temperature, two-phonon Raman process dominates; below we observe Orbach-type activation energy 73(4) meV, which...

We report measurements of the optical properties 1042 nm transition negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in type-1b diamond. The results indicate that upper level this couples to ${m}_{s}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$ sublevels $^{3}E$ excited state and is short lived with a lifetime $\ensuremath{\lesssim}1\text{ }\text{ns}$. lower shown have temperature-dependent 462(10) ns at 4.4 K 219(3) 295 K. light-polarization dependence absorption confirms between orbitals ${A}_{1}$ $E$...

Significant attention has been recently focused on the realization of high precision nanothermometry using spin-resonance temperature shift negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$) center in diamond. However, precise physical origins is yet to be understood. Here, shifts center's optical and spin resonances are observed a model developed that identifies origin each combination thermal expansion electron-phonon interactions. Our results provide insight into...

Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation V. M. Acosta, E. Bauch, A. Jarmola, L. J. Zipp, P. Ledbetter, D. Budker; Broadband magnetometry by infrared-absorption detection of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond. Appl. Phys. Lett. 25 October 2010; 97 (17): 174104. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3507884 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager...

The protocols for the control and readout of Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centres electron spins in diamond offer an advanced platform quantum computation, metrology sensing. These are based on optical photons emitted from NV centres, which process is limited by yield collection. Here we report a novel principle detection magnetic resonance directly monitoring spin-preserving transitions through measurement centre related photocurrent. demonstrated direct technique offers sensitive way sensors...

We demonstrate a cavity-enhanced room-temperature magnetic field sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. Magnetic resonance is detected using absorption of light resonant with the 1042 nm spin-singlet transition. The diamond placed an external optical cavity to enhance absorption, and significant observed even at room temperature. sensitivity 2.5 nT/Hz, project photon shot-noise-limited 70 pT/Hz for few mW infrared light, quantum projection-noise-limited 250 fT/Hz sensing volume...

We investigate optically detected magnetic resonance signals from an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The are measured for different light powers and microwave powers, the contrast linewidth magnetic-resonance extracted. For a wide range experimental settings decreases with increasing power, more than factor 2 ``light narrowing'' is observed. Furthermore, we identify that spin-spin interaction between substitutional nitrogen atoms diamond leads to changes line shape signals....

We propose solid-state gyroscopes based on ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$) centers in diamond. In one scheme, rotation the NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ symmetry axis will induce Berry phase shifts ${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ electronic ground-state coherences proportional to solid angle subtended by axis. estimate a sensitivity range $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$...

Characterizing the local internal environment surrounding solid-state spin defects is crucial to harnessing them as nanoscale sensors of external fields. This especially germane case defect ensembles which can exhibit a complex interplay between interactions, fields, and lattice strain. Working with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, we demonstrate that electric fields dominate magnetic resonance behavior NV at low field. We introduce simple microscopic model quantitatively captures...

Abstract Electron spin resonance (ESR) describes a suite of techniques for characterizing electronic systems with applications in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, the requirement large electron ensembles conventional ESR limits their spatial resolution. Here we present method measuring spectra nanoscale environments by longitudinal relaxation time single-spin probe as it is systematically tuned into target system. As proof concept, extracted spectral distribution P1 bath diamond...

Quantum sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond have emerged as a promising detection modality for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy owing to their micrometer-scale volume and noninductive-based detection. A remaining challenge is realize sufficiently high spectral resolution concentration sensitivity multidimensional NMR analysis of picoliter sample volumes. Here, we address this by spatially separating the polarization phases experiment microfluidic platform. We...

We demonstrate significant improvements of the spin coherence time a dense ensemble nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond through optimized dynamical decoupling (DD). Cooling sample down to $77$ K suppresses longitudinal relaxation $T_1$ effects and DD microwave pulses are used increase transverse $T_2$ from $\sim 0.7$ ms up 30$ ms. extend previous work single-axis (CPMG) towards preservation arbitrary states. Following theoretical experimental characterization pulse detuning errors, we...

We report polarization of a dense nuclear-spin ensemble in diamond and its dependence on magnetic field temperature. The method is based the transfer electron spin negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers to nuclear spins via excited-state level anticrossing center. polarize 90$%$ ${}^{14}$N within NV centers, 70$%$ proximal ${}^{13}$C with hyperfine interaction strength 13--14 MHz. Magnetic-field reveals sharp decrease at specific values corresponding cross relaxation...

We demonstrate nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of picoliter-volume solutions with a nanostructured diamond chip. Using optical interferometric lithography, surfaces were dense, high-aspect-ratio nanogratings, enhancing the surface area by more than factor 15 over mm^2 regions The nanograting sidewalls doped nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers so that 10 million NV in (25 micrometer)^2 laser spot are located close enough to (5 nm) detect NMR spectrum 1 pL fluid lying within adjacent...

We present an experimental study of the longitudinal electron-spin relaxation ensembles negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centers in diamond. The measurements were performed with samples having different NV− concentrations and at temperatures magnetic fields. found that rate $T_{1}^{-1}$ increases when transition frequencies orientations become degenerate interpret this as cross-relaxation caused by dipole-dipole interaction.

Magnetic microscopy of malarial hemozoin nanocrystals is performed by optically detected magnetic resonance imaging near-surface diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers. Hemozoin crystals are extracted from Plasmodium falciparum-infected human blood cells and studied alongside synthetic crystals. The stray fields produced individual imaged at room temperature as a function the applied field up to 350 mT. More than 100 analyzed, revealing distribution their properties. Most (96%) exhibit linear...

Negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^-$) color centers in diamond have generated much interest for use quantum technology. Despite the progress made developing their applications, many questions about basic properties of NV$^-$ remain unresolved. Understanding these can validate theoretical models NV$^-$, improve and support development into competitive devices. In particular, knowledge phonon modes $^1A_1$ electronic state is key understanding optical pumping process. Using pump-probe...

We use magnetic-field-dependent features in the photoluminescence of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers to measure magnetic fields without microwaves. In particular, we present a magnetometer based on level anti-crossing triplet ground state at 102.4 mT with demonstrated noise floor 6 nT/Hz, limited by intensity laser and performance background-field power supply. The technique presented here can be useful applications where sensor is placed close conductive materials, e.g.,...

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Ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (N-$V$) centers in diamond show promise as versatile electric field sensors, but are limited by noise from an inhomogeneous internal charge environment. Here researchers develop a scheme for optically enhanced electrometry that improves N-$V$ sensitivity to external fields, especially at low temperatures. They also implement complementary method experimentally extracting the color center's excited-state susceptibilities, and they provide simple scaling theory...

Radio frequency (RF) magnetometers based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond are predicted to offer femtotesla sensitivity, but previous experiments were limited the picotesla level. We demonstrate a RF magnetometer using membrane inserted between ferrite flux concentrators. The device provides ~300-fold amplitude enhancement for magnetic fields from 70 kHz 3.6 MHz, and sensitivity reaches ~70 fT√s at 0.35 MHz. sensor detected 3.6-MHz nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of room-temperature...

We propose using an optical cavity to enhance the sensitivity of a magnetometer relying on detection spin state high-density nitrogen-vacancy ensemble in diamond infrared absorption. The role is obtain contrast absorption-detected magnetic resonance approaching unity at room temperature. project increase photon shot-noise limited two orders magnitude comparison with single-pass approach. Optical losses can limit enhancement one order magnitude, which could still enable room-temperature...

Understanding the effect of vibrations on relaxation process individual spins is crucial for implementing nano systems quantum information and metrology applications. In this work, we present a theoretical microscopic model to describe spin-lattice electronic associated negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, although our results can be extended other spin-boson systems. Starting from general interaction Hamiltonian, provide detailed description solution master equation an...