A5077945303- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Climate variability and models
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Landslides and related hazards
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatments
- Advanced Breast Cancer Therapies
Imperial College London
2016-2025
The Folklore Society
2021-2025
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
2024
University of Hong Kong
2024
King's College London
2024
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology
2023
University of Leeds
2023
Technical University of Crete
2023
Coventry University
2023
Climate Foundation
2023
Abstract Precipitation is expected to respond differently various drivers of anthropogenic climate change. We present the first results from Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP), where nine global models have perturbed CO 2 , CH 4 black carbon, sulfate, solar insolation. divide resulting changes mean regional precipitation into fast responses that scale with in atmospheric absorption slow scaling surface temperature While overall features are broadly similar between...
Rapid adjustments are responses to forcing agents that cause a perturbation the top of atmosphere energy budget but uncoupled changes in surface warming. Different mechanisms responsible for these variety climate drivers. These remain be quantified detail. It is shown rapid reduce effective radiative (ERF) black carbon by half instantaneous forcing, CO2 increase ERF. Competing tropospheric individually significant sum zero, such ERF equals stratospherically adjusted this not true other...
Abstract We investigate the climate response to increased concentrations of black carbon (BC), as part Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP). A tenfold increase in BC is simulated by nine global coupled‐climate models, producing a model median effective radiative forcing 0.82 (ranging from 0.41 2.91) W m −2 , and warming 0.67 (0.16 1.66) K globally 1.24 (0.26 4.31) Arctic. strong positive instantaneous (median 2.10 based on five models) countered negative rapid...
As the global temperature increases with changing climate, precipitation rates and patterns are affected through a wide range of physical mechanisms. The globally averaged intensity extreme also changes more rapidly than rate. While some aspects regional variation in predicted by climate models appear robust, there is still large degree inter-model differences unaccounted for. Individual drivers change initially alter energy budget atmosphere leading to distinct rapid adjustments involving...
Atmospheric aerosols such as sulfate and black carbon (BC) generate inhomogeneous radiative forcing can affect precipitation in distinct ways compared to greenhouse gases (GHGs). Their regional effects on the atmospheric energy budget circulation be important for understanding predicting global changes, which act top of background GHG-induced hydrological changes. Under framework Precipitation Driver Response Model Inter-comparison Project (PDRMIP), multiple models were used first time...
Quantifying the efficacy of different climate forcings is important for understanding real-world sensitivity. This study presents a systematic multimodel analysis driver efficacies using simulations from Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP). Efficacies calculated instantaneous radiative forcing deviate considerably unity across agents models. Effective (ERF) better predictor global mean near-surface air temperature (GSAT) change. are closest to one when...
Abstract The response of the hydrological cycle to climate forcings can be understood within atmospheric energy budget framework. In this study precipitation and responses five forcing agents are analyzed using 10 models from Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP). changes split into a forcing-dependent fast temperature-driven sensitivity. Globally, when normalized by top-of-atmosphere (TOA) forcing, most sensitive strongly absorbing drivers (CO 2 , black...
Abstract Understanding and estimating regional climate change under different anthropogenic emission scenarios is pivotal for informing societal adaptation mitigation measures. However, the high computational complexity of state-of-the-art models remains a central bottleneck in this endeavour. Here we introduce machine learning approach, which utilises unique dataset existing model simulations to learn relationships between short-term long-term temperature responses forcing scenarios. This...
Abstract The Arctic is experiencing rapid climate change in response to changes greenhouse gases, aerosols, and other drivers. Emission general, as well geographical shifts emissions transport pathways of short‐lived forcers, make it necessary understand the influence each driver on Arctic. In Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project, 10 global models perturbed five different drivers separately (CO 2 , CH 4 solar constant, black carbon, SO ). We show that annual mean...
Abstract Wildfire is an integral part of the Earth system, but at same time it can pose serious threats to human society and certain types terrestrial ecosystems. Meteorological conditions are a key driver wildfire activity extent, which led emergence use fire danger indices that depend solely on weather conditions. The Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) widely used index this kind. Here, we evaluate how well FWI, its components, climate variables from derived, correlate with...
Abstract. The occurrence of forest fires can impact vegetation in the ecosystem, property, and human health but also indirectly affect climate. Joint UK Land Environment Simulator – INteractive Fire Emissions algorithm for Natural envirOnments (JULES-INFERNO) is a global land surface model, which simulates vegetation, soils, fire driven by environmental factors. However, this model incurs substantial computational costs due to high data dimensionality complexity differential equations....
Globally, latent heating associated with a change in precipitation is balanced by changes to atmospheric radiative cooling and sensible heat fluxes. Both components can be altered climate forcing mechanisms through feedbacks, but the impacts of feedbacks on fluxes have received much less attention. Here we show, using range modelling results, that are dominant contributor present global-mean since preindustrial time, because impact forcings approximately compensate. The model results show...
Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gases affect cloud properties, radiative balance and, thus, the hydrological cycle. Observations show that precipitation has decreased in Mediterranean since beginning of 20th century, many studies have investigated possible mechanisms. So far, however, effects aerosol forcing on remain largely unknown. Here we compare modeled dynamical response to individual agents a set global climate models (GCMs). Our analyses both can cause drying is more...
Abstract Anthropogenic aerosol forcing is spatially heterogeneous, mostly localised around industrialised regions like North America, Europe, East and South Asia. Emission reductions in each of these will force the climate different locations, which could have diverse impacts on regional global climate. Here, we show that removing sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions from any northern-hemisphere a composition-climate model results significant warming across hemisphere, regardless emission...
Abstract Global warming due to greenhouse gases and atmospheric aerosols alter precipitation rates, but the influence on extreme by relative is still not well known. Here we use simulations from Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project that enable us compare changes in mean with those black carbon sulfate aerosols, using indicators for dry extremes as moderate very precipitation. Generally, find more a event is, pronounced its response global surface temperature change,...
Abstract. Interactions between aerosols and gases in the atmosphere have been focus of an increasing number studies recent years. Here, we on aerosol effects tropospheric ozone that involve meteorological feedbacks induced by aerosol–radiation interactions. Specifically, study influences transport gaseous pollutants atmospheric moisture, both which can impact chemistry. For this purpose, use UK Earth System Model (UKESM1), with performed sensitivity simulations including excluding direct...
Different climate drivers influence precipitation in different ways. Here we use radiative kernels to understand the of rapid adjustment processes on models. Rapid adjustments are generally triggered by initial heating or cooling atmosphere from an external driver. For changes, due changes temperature, water vapor, and clouds most important. In this study have investigated five (CO2, CH4, solar irradiance, black carbon, sulfate aerosols). The fast responses a doubling CO2 10-fold increase...
Abstract. We use the HadGEM3-GA4, CESM1, and GISS ModelE2 climate models to investigate global regional aerosol burden, radiative flux, surface temperature responses removing anthropogenic sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from China. find that differ by up a factor of 6 in simulated change optical depth (AOD) shortwave flux over China results reduced sulfate aerosol, leading large range magnitudes responses. Two three simulate near-ubiquitous hemispheric warming due SO2 removal, with...
We present the global and regional hydrological sensitivity (HS) to surface temperature changes, for perturbations CO2, CH4, sulfate black carbon concentrations, solar irradiance. Based on results from ten climate models, we show how modeled mean precipitation increases by 2–3% per kelvin of warming, independent driver, when effects rapid adjustments are removed. Previously reported differences in response between drivers therefore mainly ascribable atmospheric adjustment processes. All...
Abstract Future projections of east Amazonian precipitation indicate drying, but they are uncertain and poorly understood. In this study we analyze the response to individual atmospheric forcings using a number global climate models. Black carbon is found drive reduced over Amazon due temperature‐driven circulation changes, magnitude uncertain. CO 2 drives reductions in concentrated east, mainly robustly negative, highly variable magnitude, fast response. We find that physiological effect on...
Abstract We compare six methods of estimating effective radiative forcing (ERF) using a set atmosphere‐ocean general circulation models. This is the first multiforcing agent, multimodel evaluation ERF values calculated different methods. demonstrate that previously reported apparent consistency between derived from fixed sea surface temperature simulations and linear regression holds for most climate forcings, excluding black carbon (BC). When land adjustment accounted for, however, are...
Abstract The South Asian summer monsoon has been suggested to be influenced by atmospheric aerosols, and this influence can the result of either local or remote emissions. We have used Hadley Centre Global Environment Model Version 3 (HadGEM3) coupled atmosphere‐ocean climate model investigate for first time centennial‐scale precipitation response emissions sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), dominant anthropogenic precursor sulfate aerosol, from different midlatitude regions. Despite localized nature...
Abstract. Water vapour in the atmosphere is source of a major climate feedback mechanism and potential increases availability water could have important consequences for mean extreme precipitation. Future precipitation changes further depend on how hydrological cycle responds to different drivers change, such as greenhouse gases aerosols. Currently, neither total anthropogenic influence nor that from individual constrained sufficiently make solid projections. We investigate integrated (IWV)...
Abstract The climate system responds to changes in the amount of atmospheric greenhouse gases or aerosols through rapid processes, triggered within hours and days, slower where full response may only be seen after centuries. In this paper, we aim elucidate mechanisms operating on time scales years better understand key quantities such as energy fluxes, temperature, precipitation a sudden increase either carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), black (BC), sulfate (SO 4 ) aerosols. results are based idealized...