High Speed Railway (HSR) provides its customers not only safety, security, comfort and on-time commuting, but also a fast transportation alternative to air travel or regular passenger rail services. Providing these benefits would be possible without the tremendous growth prevalence of wireless communication technologies. Due advances in systems, both trains passengers are connected through high speed networks Internet, data centers railroad control centers. Railroad communities, academia,...

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is an approach to identify observed signal's most likely modulation scheme without any a priori knowledge of the intercepted signal. In this research, authors present new direction for both stages feature-based (FB) approach. feature extraction stage, design architecture that 1) removes bias issue estimator fourth-order cumulants, and 2) extracts polar-transformed information received $IQ$ symbols, finally 3) forms unique dataset be used in labeling...

The process of automatic classification a detected signal's employed modulation type has gained importance in recent years. goal such an approach is to maximize the achievable throughput for intelligent receiver designs civilian applications as well jamming malicious signals military applications. Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) increases difficulty since there no a-priori knowledge transmitted signal properties, power, carrier frequency, or bandwidth, nor any associated link...

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is a vital component for intelligent receivers. Due to the rapid growth of wireless communications, modulation classification has become critical factor efficient and high-performing receiver designs. impacts civilian military applications. In applications, various forms quaternary 16-point modulations (QASK, QFSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, etc.) are deployed. For this group modulations, two dominant AMC approaches proposed in literature Likelihood- (LB)...

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is the process of determining modulation scheme an intercepted signal with no a priori information about its characteristics. AMC's main advantage that communication overhead needs to be allocated for control inform receiver changes in transmitted signal's scheme. Proposed approaches AMC traditionally suffer from inherent computational complexity prevents real-time applications. Several extensions lowering have been developed, including Feature-based...

The procedure of classifying a detected signal's modulation scheme with no <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a priori</i> information is known as automatic classification (AMC). AMC has presented numerous contributions toward civilian and military applications. However, in the scientific literature, designing classifiers been limited to single particular simulated environment most cases study. Hence, performance such lacks: 1)...

Railyards are one of the most challenging and complex workplace environments in any industry. Railyard workers constantly surrounded by dangerous moving objects, a noisy environment where distractions can easily result accidents or casualties. Throughout years, yards have been contributing 20–30% total that happen railroads. Monitoring railyard workspace to keep personnel safe from falls, slips, being struck large object, etc. preventing fatal be particularly due sheer number factors...

In 5G network designs, Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a fast and reliable approach that enables two or more devices to communicate directly with each other wirelessly, without the need involve base station. Considering most commonly these are mobile, enabling seamless D2D support for frequent associations disassociations between mobile in proximity of requires careful optimization. Association user should be guaranteed based on reliability stability link. However, mobility tends...

By 2030, the United States Federal Transit Administration (FTA) plans to have High Speed Train (HST) systems deployed that span over 12,000 miles across US. Given rapidly accelerating growth in consumers demand for fast on-board Internet services, there is a need robust and dedicated railroad wireless network architecture their onboard Train-to-Ground (T2G) communication systems. And while are several potential candidates radio access technologies (RAT), full understanding of benefits...

In this paper we consider the behavioral trust to be user-centric rather than device-centric. We propose that optimal Device-to-Device (D2D) association in mobile or vehicular networks can attained through calculation after determining socially central users are behaviorally motivated communicate. The proposed algorithm considers user device as temporal and spatial human interactions calculate for association. Our findings show network performance is significantly affected by both...

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is a signal processing approach to determine received signal's scheme without any priori information about that configuration. Three main approaches have been proposed for this task, namely Likelihood-based, Feature-based and Distribution Test-based AMC. Each of these has different levels computational complexity affecting their ability conduct AMC in real-time achieving accuracy. Thus, there trade-off between accuracy domain. This paper investigates...

The goal of this paper is to explore the evolution Heterogeneous Networks (HetN ets) and their move towards SG in robust high speed mobile wireless networks. recent advent provides concepts for low-latency capacity network solutions that can be integrated into fast moving architectures. However, challenges deploying utilizing conventional HetNets have led new architectures address disparate needs user control traffic, particularly concept decoupling plane operations. aim design enhance...

Distance learning is becoming a popular mode of among individuals seeking to add new skills their repertoire or acquire an advanced degree. The availability online course materials from institutions in academia aid this process, lending standardized and validated information the audience such knowledge. Although system extremely convenient for acquiring theoretical knowledge, scope hands-on experience limited use simulation software involves purchase expensive laboratory kits. proliferation...

Wireless communications in high-speed railways presents many challenges to design and implementation. With the recent advances wireless communication technologies, it is now becoming feasible focus efforts on deployment scenarios mobility address currently existing challenges. Here, of particular interest maintaining critical while also supporting bandwidth-intensive passenger services. The advent 5G mmWave technologies guides transition from GSM-R LTE-R towards providing opportunities...

High Speed Trains (HST) face some of the most stringent requirements for ensuring passenger safety and comfort while operating at very high velocities. HST wireless communication systems therefore similarly require special considerations network design, technology selection system implementation. For infrastructure-based communications, a handover occurs whenever radio transitions from coverage current base station to next station. The faster train moves shorter time that it spends under...

There has been renewed attention given to High Speed Railways (HSR) in the US, terms of adapting more speed, reliability, increasing passenger capacity and providing centric services. Any future Train-To-Ground (T2G) communication system therefore embrace reliable signaling control-specific needs HSR, while also catering towards high-performance networking demands passengers. Segregation T2G traffic into multi-frequency user/control plane separated based on these respective requirements...

Abstract Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is becoming an essential component in receiver designs for next-generation communication systems, such as Cognitive Radios (CR). AMC enables receivers to classify intercepted signal’s modulation scheme without any prior information about the signal. This increasingly vital due combination of congested frequency bands and geographically disparate licensing railroad industry across North America. Thus, a radio technology needed that allows...

The effects of human mobility in Device-to-Device (D2D) communication are not well understood, but with the recent proliferation D2D, communications have become a critical research emphasis. However, very little is understood on how and D2D interdependent. unpredictability one root causes properly visualizing designing an efficient system framework. impact mobility, heterogeneous cell size distribution, presence multiple channel access methods movement behavior lead to nearly insurmountable...

MRI gradient-fields may induce extrinsic voltage between electrodes and conductive neurostimulator enclosure of implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems, cause unintended and/or malfunction. Electromagnetic (EM) simulations using detailed anatomical human models, therapy implant trajectories, gradient coil models can be used to calculate clinically relevant induced levels. Incorporating additional into the EM simulation library help achieve more accurate levels, however, adding new...

Human-in-the-loop systems are that consider the presence of humans, human errors, and interactions with a system. Accurate validated sensing, coordinated control decision over errors interactions, even at scale complexity, should be done reliably seamlessly. In these systems, sensors, while being discretized processed digitally, nevertheless represent physical properties. Therefore, modeling very large faces two key challenges: 1) While computing aspects can represented using discrete-time...

Abstract High-speed trains, though prevalent in Europe and Asia, are not yet a reality the US. But interest industry engagement growing, especially around commercial hubs close to commuter homes for alleviating commute times. With support from Federal Railroad Administration United States, authors exploring design requirements, challenges, technology capabilities wireless communication between passenger cars, on-board systems with trackside infrastructure, all using next-generation radio...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that envisions ubiquitous connectivity. It provides ways in which distributed systems can be imagined with devices communicating each other and also humans. data provided by such large, heterogeneous network leveraged to provide enhanced services society solve problems previously deemed impossible. Most IoT are resource constrained hence their performance metrics like throughput, latency energy requirements critical design parameters. There...

State-of-the-art communication technology is rapidly progressing towards 5G (Fifth Generation). In networks a paradigm shift envisioned defined by parameters which are an order of magnitude higher than current 4G, 4.5G and 4G LTE network parameters. Broadly, it has been established that will exhibit heterogeneous structure. There be proliferation devices connected to the support Internet Things (IoT), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Machine-to-Infrastructure (M2I) paradigms. The demand for...