Several investigations suggest that actual and mental actions trigger similar neural substrates. Motor learning via physical practice results in long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity processes, namely of M1 a temporary occlusion additional LTP-like plasticity. However, whether this neuroplasticity process contributes to improve motor performance through remains be determined. Here, we tested skill learning-dependent changes primary cortex (M1) excitability by means transcranial...

Abstract Purpose The aims of this study were to: (i) describe the time course decrease in power output at moderate-to-heavy intensity transition during prolonged exercise; (ii) investigate association between durability and exercise capacity; (iii) explore physiological correlates transition. Methods Twelve trained cyclists (age: 40 ± 8 y, $$\dot{\text{V}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mover> <mml:mtext>V</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>˙</mml:mo> </mml:mover>...

Background. Action observation influences motor performance in healthy subjects and persons with impairments. Objective. To understand the effects of action on spontaneous rate finger movements patients Parkinson disease (PD). Methods. Participants, 20 PD 14 controls, were randomly divided into 2 groups. Those VIDEO group watched video clips showing repetitive paced at 3 Hz, whereas those ACOUSTIC listened to an acoustic cue Hz. All participants performed a sequence their pace different...

The cerebellum is involved in the generation of essential tremor (ET) and cerebellar timing function altered patients with ET showing an increased variability rhythmic hand movements. Using a sensor-engineered glove, we evaluated motor behaviour during repetitive finger tapping movements 15 11 age- gender-matched normal subjects. In addition, investigated whether, ET, inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (1 Hz-rTMS) over lateral was able to change properties behaviour. Patients...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of two types 9-month adapted physical activity (APA) program, based on a muscle reinforcement training and postural training, respectively, mass, strength, static balance in moderate sarcopenic older women. diagnosis sarcopenia was done accordance with measurable variables cut-off points suggested by European Working Group Sarcopenia Older People (EWGSOP). Seventy-two participants were randomly assigned groups: group (RESISTANCE) (n=35; 69.9 ±...

Motor learning via physical practice leads to long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity in motor cortex (M1) and temporary occlusion of additional LTP-like plasticity. can be achieved through simulation movement, namely imagery (MI). When combined with electrical stimulation, MI influenced M1 excitability a larger extent than itself. We explored whether training based on the combination peripheral nerve stimulation (ESMI) modulates inducing retention new acquired skill. Twelve subjects...

The hand blink reflex is a subcortical defensive response, known to dramatically increase when the stimulated statically positioned inside peripersonal space (DPPS) of face. Here, we tested in group healthy human subjects dynamic conditions, investigating whether direction movements (up-to/down-from face) could modulate it. We found that, on equal position, response enhancement was present only approached (and not receded from) DPPS This means close face but subject planning move down,...

The aim of this study was to describe individual training strategies in preparation Giro d'Italia three world class road cyclists who achieved a top 5 the general classification. Day‐to‐day power meter and racing data (age: 26, 27, 25 years; relative maximum oxygen consumption: 81, 82, 80 ml·min −1 ·kg ; 20‐min record output: 6.6, 6.4 W kg ) 22 weeks (December–May) leading up classification were retrospectively analyzed. Weekly volume intensity distribution considered. Cyclists completed 17,...

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between youth road cycling success and becoming a professional cyclist. Specifically, authors sought analyze (1) differences in scores categories future (PRO) nonprofessional (NON-PRO) cyclists, (2) whether relative age effect influences career pathways, (3) competition could predict as cyclist.The number points gathered annual national ranking 1345 Italian cyclists U17, U19, U23 were retrospectively analyzed. Participants divided...

During action observation (AO), the activity of "mirror system" is influenced by viewer's expertise in observed action. A question that remains open whether temporal aspects subjective motor repertoire can influence activation.

To compare the race demands of junior (JUN), under 23 (U23), and professional (PRO) road cyclists.Thirty male cyclists, divided into 3 age-related categories (JUN, n = 10; U23, PRO, 10), participated in this study. Race data collected during 2019 competitive season were retrospectively analyzed for characteristics, external, internal competition load.Higher annual per duration, distance, elevation gain, Edward's training impulse, total work, work hour observed PRO versus U23 JUN, JUN (P <...

The Multiple Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKTmult) is used to investigate which characteristics are necessary for, contribute to, or limit the ability repeat high-intensity intermittent efforts in taekwondo. This cross-sectional study investigated relationship between anthropometric and body composition characteristics, muscle power performance, sport-specific anaerobic performance. Nineteen black belt taekwondo athletes (mean ± SD age: 17.2 2.4 years) volunteered participate....

Purpose : In rowing, the effectiveness of adding high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous (MICT) within weekly program on physiological adaptations and performance is still unclear. This study compared effects HIIT plus MICT (MIXED) versus alone physiological/metabolic responses in adolescents. Methods Twelve highly trained adolescent rowers (age: 15.7 [0.5] y) were divided into 2 groups: MIXED MICT. Before after a 7-week intervention period, underwent an...

Ferrando, V, Mirabelli, F, Panascì, M, Sofrà, D, Ruggeri, P, Faelli, E, and Bisio, A. Effects of high-intensity progressive resistance training combined with self-talk on muscle strength functional performance in older adults. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-In people, mass capacity decline, affecting balance, gait control. In this population, (RT) improves strength, counteracting physiological decline. younger individuals, cognitive strategies like motivational have been...

The effect on single-unit activity, arterial pressure, and heart rate of a microinjection atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) into 78 histologically verified sites in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) was investigated rats. Injections 50 nl 10(-7) M ANF excited 34 neurons (44%), mainly localized at level obex, inhibited 15 (19%), had no remaining 29 (37%). increase firing frequency always followed by decline mean pressure [MAP, -10.6 +/- 1.8 (SE) mmHg; P less than 0.01] [HR, -9.6 3.1...

Mirror visual feedback (MVF) therapy has been demonstrated to be successful in neurorehabilitation, probably inducing neuroplasticity changes the primary motor cortex (M1). However, it is not known whether MVF training influences hemispheric balance between M1s. This topic of extreme relevance when applied stroke rehabilitation, as competitive interaction two hemispheres induces abnormal interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) that weakens function patients. In present study, we evaluated, a group...