Heart rate variability (HRV) has been proposed as a useful marker that can show the performance adaptation and optimize training process in elite athletes. The development of wearable technology permits measurement this through smartphone applications. purpose study is to assess validity reliability short ultra-short HRV measurements cyclists using different applications.Twenty-six professional were measured at rest supine seated positions simultaneous use an electrocardiogram two...

Purpose: The talent identification and selection process in young male soccer players is mainly focused on anthropometrics physical performance, but social factors are also considered this process. purpose of study was to test the existence relative age effect its possible influence performance analyze coaches’ efficacy expectations. Method: Data for 564 (Mage = 13.7 ± 1.5 years; Mweight 53.7 11.6 kg; Mheight 160.2 cm) included their birth quartile, maturity status, anthropometrics, a...

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the key performance metrics and durability differences between cyclists finishing in top‐5 those ranked 6th 30th Five Monuments of Cycling (Milan‐San Remo, Tour Flanders, Paris‐Roubaix, Liège‐Bastogne‐Liège, Il Lombardia). Data from 64 professional male were analyzed. Cyclists categorized into finishers ( n = 14) top‐6–30 50). Race data extracted .fit files, including power output (PO), mean maximal (MMP) across multiple durations (5 s, 30 1 min, 5 10 20...

Strength training is crucial for soccer players' long-term development at early ages and the biological maturation may influence specific strength-training adaptations. The aim of this study was to propose a programme strength pre-pubertal players analyse adaptations in with different maturity status. One hundred thirty young male participated an 8-week consisting two sessions per week (20-minutes combination plyometric resistance exercises) which conducted prior their normal training. Three...

The Relative Age Effects (RAEs) are complex, multifactorial phenomena influenced by individual (e.g., maturity status), task-related field position or competitive level), and environmental coaches' expectations) factors. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between RAEs status, position, level expectations within a sample of 1,120 young male Spanish football players [mean age: 13.72 ± 1.40 years; weight: 54.09 11.85 kg; height: 162.11 11.38 cm; years from peak...

This study assessed changes in the sprint force-velocity (Fv) profile of young football players according to their maturity status following an 8-week plyometric training program. Jump (CMJ) and performance (5-m 30-m) 34 were evaluated, Fv was calculated. Participants categorized based on years from/to peak height velocity (PHV). The program included three football-specific sessions two strength-training with exercises per week. MANOVA revealed initial differences between groups body mass,...

Background: In para-sports, like Cerebral Palsy (CP) Football, athletes must meet a minimum impairment level to ensure fair competition. The classification process traditionally relies on subjective tools the modified Ashworth Scale, but there is need for more objective methods. Surface electromyography (EMG) offers quantifiable data muscle activation, which could enhance accuracy and fairness of in this sport. Objective: aim study analyze activation patterns international CP football...

This study aimed to analyze the in-match physical requirements of cerebral palsy football (CP football) players over an entire national league season (56 matches) and their relationship with team performance-related metrics. Key variables examined included total distance, distance at different intensities, acceleration/deceleration patterns, ball contacts various intensities. Statistical analyses (one-way ANOVA, t-tests, Pearson’s correlations, multiple linear regressions) were conducted...

Exercising at home is an accessible alternative to the gym, although it presents challenges such as low adherence, poor quality and difficulties in reaching set goals. Wearable technologies use of heart rate variability (HRV) make possible personalise workouts, optimise fitness improve adherence. However, specific exercise recommendations based on these metrics are still lacking. This study evaluated impact HRV-based training using Selftraining UMH app autonomous format versus a Personal...

Cerebral palsy (CP) football is undergoing a process of professionalisation which improving the performance in this para-sport. This study aims to report evolution goal between Seville 2019 and Salou 2022 IFCPF World Cups. Goals from eighty-eight matches over two consecutive Cups, 16 best-ranked national teams took part, were analysed. The results revealed decrease average goals per match championships (from 5.6 4.5 goals/match). Scored received correlated teams’ final ranking position both...

This study aimed (1) to explore the validity and reliability of a new specific change-of-direction (COD) test that requires dribbling skills classify international footballers with cerebral palsy (CP) compare it another valid reliable COD without ball (2) probe whether both tests can discriminate between CP football classes (ie, FT1, FT2, FT3) established worldwide in 2018.This involved 180 para-footballers from 23 national teams at 3 regional competitions held 2018. They performed 2 tests,...

The aims of this study were to report the relative age effect in different competitive levels and field positions analyse differences within between positions. Data for 203 young soccer players (14.2 ± 1.1 years) included anthropometrics physical performance (Countermovement jump [CMJ], 30-m sprint, T-test Yo-Yo IR1). Their level their position registered. percentage older (1stHY) was higher better (L1: 80.6%, p <.001; L2: 68.2%, <.001 L3: 58.5%, <.01), but it similar (DF: 68.1%, MF: 69.6%,...

In regular football, the players’ selection process involves an objective assessment based on their anthropometric and physical performance. However, available literature focused in cerebral palsy (CP) football is scarce. Purpose : To describe anthropometrical performance profiles of International Spanish CP footballers to compare them with remaining players from national competition. Method A total 75 Football National Competition (classified into 3 existing classes: class [FT] 1 = 38; FT2...

The aims of this study were (1) to describe and examine differences in change direction (COD) performance the magnitude asymmetries para-footballers with cerebral palsy (CP) controls (2) evaluate association between COD outcomes linear sprint performance. Twenty-eight international CP thirty-nine non-impaired football players (control group) participated study. All participants completed a 10-m two attempts 505 test dominant non-dominant leg. deficit was calculated using difference time,...

Talent identification and selection process in young football is based on coaches' decisions regarding the players' performance at early ages. The aim of this study was to show how maturity status relative age impact physical their efficacy expectations. (1RM, Peak power output [PPO], 30-m sprint t-test) 118 players (U13 U15; expectations were assessed. Relative calculated according date birth within year. estimated as years from/to peak height velocity (PHV). Linear regression analyses...

This study is the first to show a cerebral palsy (CP) football physical performance preparation period for World Cup. The improvement of fourteen international players belonging Spanish national team was assessed during five consecutive training camps (TCs) before 2022 results revealed significant improvements (t = 1.75–4.24; p< .05) in analysed variables between and final TC, with changes ranging from 5.3% 78.2% effect sizes 0.64 1.46 (moderate large). All tests showed consistent tendency...

This study aimed to report possible anthropometrical and physical performance differences between youth soccer players with different maturity status the coaches’ expectations, hypothesizing that coaches would expect more from advanced maturity. One hundred twenty-two (122) completed a battery. Their was estimated efficacy expectations (CEEs) were assessed. Players maturation had better (F = 26.5-73.4; p &lt; 0.01) their CEEs for strength-related tasks according 8.3-10.9; 0.01), but not...

Heart rate variability (HRV) has allowed the implementation of a methodology for daily decision making called day-to-day training, which allows data to be recorded by anyone with smartphone. The purpose present work was evaluate validity and reliability HRV measurements new mobile app (Selftraining UMH) in two resting conditions. Twenty healthy people (10 male 10 female) were measured at rest supine seated positions an electrocardiogram application smartphones same time using recordings...

Force production is crucial in football, and it the main limitation of people with cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to describe changes sprint force-velocity (Fv) profile after a period 25 weeks regular training international football players CP.The Fv other physical performance variables (ie, linear sprint, vertical jump, change direction, intermittent endurance) 14 from Spanish national team were assessed during 2 consecutive camps. Pretesting posttesting sessions carried out 1 week...

The aims of the present study were to analyse relationship between physical performance and match load in cerebral palsy (CP) football players, possible impact Spanish League format (playing two matches on consecutive days) players’ load. Data for a CP team (n=10; age: 31.0 ± 8.9 years; weight: 66.1 8.6 kg; height: 172.2 7.8 cm; BMI: 22.5 2.9 kg·m-2) included anthropometric (weight, height BMI), (CMJ, 5, 10 y 20-m sprint MAT) variables (distance covered, accelerations decelerations, heart...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect various contextual factors, such as relative age, biological maturation, or competitive level, on jumping performance young football goalkeepers. Vertical jump evaluated in a selection goalkeepers (n = 110) from U-14 and U-16 category teams. sample categorized by level. results revealed trend overall towards an overrepresentation born early months year. Maturity status influenced most (SJ: F 11.27, p < .001, ηp2 0.187; CMJ: 8.72, 0.162; AJ:...

Background: Substance use disorders pose unique challenges, affecting individuals physiologically and socially. This study addresses the fundamental question of how adherence to exercise programs impacts those with substance disorders, examining both in-person online interventions. Methods: A 12-week analysis involving 26 participants assessed physical fitness, strength, quality life. Participants were categorized into groups, their tracked through attendance a dedicated app. Results: The...