A5063542717- Diabetes Management and Research
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
University of California, San Francisco
2008-2024
Broad Center
2023
San Francisco VA Medical Center
2009-2018
LPS treatment of macrophages induces TG accumulation, which is accentuated by TG-rich lipoproteins or FFA. We defined pathways altered during macrophage activation that contribute to accumulation. Glucose uptake increased with activation, accompanied GLUT1. Oxidation glucose markedly decreased, whereas incorporation glucose-derived carbon into FA and sterols increased. Macrophage also FFA, associated an increase in CD36. was reduced, the TGs increased, GPAT3 DGAT2. Additionally, decreased...
The acute phase response (APR) produces marked alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism including decreasing plasma ketone levels. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a recently discovered hormone that regulates glucose stimulates ketogenesis. Here we demonstrate lipopolysaccharide (LPS), zymosan, turpentine, which induce the APR, increase serum FGF21 levels 2-fold. Although LPS, turpentine decrease hepatic expression of FGF21, they adipose tissue muscle, suggesting extrahepatic...
Although the kidney was initially thought to be sole organ responsible for production of 1,25(OH)2D via enzyme CYP27b1, it is now appreciated that expression CYP27b1 in tissues other than wide spread. However, major source circulating 1,25(OH)2D. Only certain granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis does extra renal tissue produce sufficient contribute levels, generally associated with hypercalcemia, illustrated by case report preceding review. Therefore outside under normal circumstances...
Respiratory failure is a major cause of mortality during septic shock and due in part to decreased ventilatory muscle contraction. Ventilatory muscles have high energy demands; fatty acid (FA) oxidation an important source ATP. FA regulated by nuclear hormone receptors; studies shown that the expression these receptors liver, heart, kidney sepsis. Here, we demonstrate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) decreases lipoprotein lipase (LPL), transport protein 1 (FATP-1), CD36, carnitine...
Pancreatic development requires spatially and temporally controlled expression of growth factors derived from mesenchyme. Here, we report that in mice the secreted factor Fgf9 is expressed principally by mesenchyme then mesothelium during early development, subsequently both rare epithelial cells E12.5 onwards. Global knockout gene resulted reduction pancreas stomach size, as well complete asplenia. The number Pdx1+ pancreatic progenitors was reduced at E10.5, proliferation E11.5. Although...
Many alleles of human disease genes have mutations within splicing consensus sequences that activate cryptic splice sites. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the unc-73(e936) allele has a G-to-U mutation at first base intron downstream exon 15, which results in an uncoordinated phenotype. This triggers -1 and +23 positions retains some residual mutated wild-type (wt) position. We previously demonstrated sup-39, U1 snRNA gene, suppresses e936 by increasing wt site. report here suppressor screen we...
Background: The effects of different HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) on peripheral insulin resistance have been described, but less is known about their suppression endogenous glucose production (EGP). Methods: We tested the acute 3 PIs, indinavir, ritonavir, and amprenavir, EGP quantified by stable isotope techniques during hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp in similar placebo-controlled protocols. Results: was higher with indinavir hyperinsulinemic state than placebo (4.1 ± 1.3 vs. 2.2 0.8...
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a recently discovered transcription factor whose levels and activity are increased by glucose leading to the activation of target genes, which include acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, liver-type pyruvate kinase. Here, we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment causes marked decrease in ChREBP mRNA liver mice fed normal chow diet or fasted for 24 h then re-fed high carbohydrate diet. This occurs rapidly...
Perioperative diabetes patients are often treated with sliding-scale insulin, despite a lack of evidence to support therapeutic effectiveness. We introduced an automated subcutaneous insulin algorithm (SQIA) improve glycemic control in these while maintaining the simplicity q4 hour adjustable order set.In this pilot study, we implemented fully programmed, self-adjusting SQIA as part structured set electronic medical record for adult who nil per os, or on continuous enteral tube feedings...
We programmed a SQIA in the EMR. It requires nurse to enter current glucose MAR, and then calculated dose is shown. New based on previous dose, glucoses. The titrates 120 -180 mg/dl for patients who are NPO, TPN or Enteral Feedings (TF). No new orders required even if insulin added TPN, changes made TF rates. Glucose data shown table. higher glucoses were at titration initiation. Two examples of how worked Individual demonstrate ability titrate maintain range despite significant rate...