Abstract The hazard pesticides pose to pollinators are well‐understood from laboratory studies. However, the field‐level response of pesticide use in agroecosystems is not well‐established, nor it clear if synergisms between affect pollinator visitation crops. Here, we evaluated fungicide and insecticide posed a wild honeybees at 87 cucurbit—pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon—farms Midwestern United States. We also local‐ (i.e. focal cucurbit field) landscape‐level surrounding crops) influence...

Pollinators provide ecosystem services that are threatened by the loss of wild and managed bees. Citizen scientists can monitor bees to yield useful data may guide conservation bee populations. However, factors promote collection in pollinator citizen science projects largely unknown, inhibiting development promotes conservation. We used from two assess mediated volunteers who monitored Washington State, USA, 2015 2017. One project bee-plant interactions with photography; other gave nest...

Insect pollinators are declining globally as a result of the anthropogenic pressures that have destroyed native habitats and eroded ecosystems. These declines been associated with agricultural productivity losses, threatening food security. Efforts to restore habitat for underway, emphasizing large-scale creation like wildflower strips, yet ignoring impact smaller or more isolated patch-creation. A meta-analysis 31 independent published studies assessed effect scale pollinator planting...

Characterizing factors affecting insect pest populations across variable landscapes is a major challenge for agriculture. In natural ecosystems, are strongly mediated by landscape and climatic factors. However, it has proven difficult to evaluate if similar predict dynamics in agroecosystems because control tactics exert strong confounding effects. We addressed this assessing whether species distribution models could effectively characterize of an intensely managed agroecosystems. Our study...

While research suggests that pollinator decline is linked with agricultural practices, it unclear whether farmers share this view and adapt management to promote pollinators based on their understanding of these threats. To address issues, we surveyed pollinator-dependent cucurbit crops across four states in the Midwest, USA. We grouped by perceptions declines routes pesticide exposure used statistical models evaluate if manage pests perceptions. Out 93 completed surveys, 39% believed were...

Abstract Certified organic farming is a suite of regulated practices that can support social, economic, and ecological sustainability in agriculture. Despite the standardization regulation certifying bodies, adopted by farmers vary with potential heterogeneous effects on environmental outcomes. While it accepted beliefs enable or constrain adoption practices, remains unclear if variation farmer mediates observed heterogeneity ecology farms. Communities soil microorganisms induce plant...

Controlling crop pests while conserving pollinators is challenging, particularly when prophylactically applying broad-spectrum, systemic insecticides such as neonicotinoids. Systemic are often used in conventional agriculture commercial settings, but the conditions that optimally balance pest management and pollination poorly understood. We investigated how insecticide application strategies control expose to with an observational study of cucurbit crops Midwestern United States. To define...

Abstract Pollinators are introduced to agroecosystems provide pollination services. Introductions of managed pollinators often promote ecosystem services, but it remains largely unknown whether they also affect evolutionary mutualisms between wild and plants. Here, we developed a model assess effects honey bees on plants pollinators. Our tracked how interactions among affected pollinator plant populations. We show that when have competitive advantage over pollinators, or greater carrying...

Abstract The abundance and diversity of pollinator populations are in global decline. Managed species, like honey bees, wild species key ecosystem service providers both natural managed agroecosystems. However, relatively few studies have exhaustively characterized diverse agroecosystems over multiple years, while also thoroughly documenting plant–pollinator interactions. Yet, such needed to fulfill the national protection plans that been released by United States other nations. Our research...

Insect taxa vary in their phenology across space creating dissimilar patterns of species abundance over time. The role human disturbances and invasive these temporal dissimilarity (phenological differences) space, however, remain largely unexplored. To dissect patterns, we evaluated four common pests one newly (Contarinia nasturtii; Swede midge) at 220 time points 2 years on organic conventional farms. We first summarized differences pest between farm management (organic conventional). then...

Decision support systems often focus on insect control due to direct damage. However, when insects vector plant pathogens, these decision must be tailored disease management. a system that links diagnosticians management is lacking and complicated by patterns of abundance over space time. Here, we describe an approach integrated monitoring pest (aster leafhopper; Macrosteles quadrilineatus, Forbes) vectors aster yellows phytoplasma (Candidatus Phytoplasma spp.), with rapid diagnostics...

ABSTRACT Human sewage can introduce pollutants into food webs and threaten ecosystem integrity. Among the many sewage-associated pollutants, pharmaceuticals personal care products (PPCPs) are useful indicators of in ecosystems also cause potent ecological consequences even at minute concentrations (e.g., ng/L). Despite increased study over past three decades, PPCPs terrestrial systems have been less studied than those aquatic ecosystems. To evaluate PPCP prevalence drivers a ecosystem, we...

Abstract Increasing bee diversity promotes pollination services on farms. Yet, given the high turnover in pollinator communities, without knowledge of how communities assemble, it is difficult to conserve or increase diversity. Thus, a mechanistic understanding factors mediating community assembly could promote conservation measures. To assess determinants and structure, we surveyed floral resources 36 farms ranging from 0 43 years organic production. We used niche‐based stochastic species...