The present study develops a review of heating and cooling (H&C) technologies used to produce space H&C services in eleven European member states. On the one hand, it revises (a) technical parameters, e.g. energy efficiency, various technologies. other reflects status-quo (b) economic costs these systems, exhibits (c) short environmental impact assessment. Costs are differentiated between investment operational costs. technology portfolio is subdivided into (i) end-use technologies, (ii)...

A lack of aggregate analysis concerning energy communities exists in the academic literature. The authors utilized a combination literature reviews and desk research to fill this gap. existing debate on classification was summarized aligned. Discovered classifications were used analyze status quo sector. found nearly 4000 with 900,000 members European Union. On average, there are 844 per one community. Germany, Netherlands, Denmark, United Kingdom at forefront movement. Different countries...

With the electrification of heating sector in Europe, there is increased pressure to reduce stress electric grid from demand. Understanding flexibility potential current building stock, including both efficient buildings as well less buildings, will be vital assess efficacy demand-side strategies such time-varying pricing enabling shifts consumer heat The aim this study thermal residential with under different tariffs, and effect these tariffs on expenditure electricity consumption. To...

The aim of this study is to investigate, review, and assess the recent advances alternative cooling technologies using traditional vapor compression (VC) systems as a baseline. Around 99% final energy consumption used for in current European market (European Union plus United Kingdom (EU27 + UK) supplied by VC technologies. In comparison, remaining 1% produced thermally driven heat pumps (TDHPs). This focuses on providing complete taxonomy While EU heating sector broadly explored scientific...

The European Union recognizes the vital role that innovation in renewable energy technologies plays accelerating transition. In largest ever transnational research and program, Horizon Europe (2021–2027), EU allocated 35% of total budget €95.5 billion to green technology research. This paper examines public development (R&D) funding for 17 countries from 2000 2020 by analyzing its extent, composition, effectiveness. While large economies lead size available R&D support, Nordic when...

Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumption in the building sector requires not only improving efficiency of buildings but also minimising material requirements, embodied emissions, waste generation. Circular Economy (CE) principles can be applied to minimize resource extraction generation industry. However, implement effective CE strategies, quantification evaluation materials accumulated are required. This study aims provide accurate data a detailed analysis available...

Locating and quantifying photovoltaic (PV) installations is a time-consuming labor-intensive process, but it necessary for monitoring their distribution. In the absence of existing data, use aerial imagery automated detection algorithms can improve efficiency accuracy data collection process. This study presents machine learning approach analysis PV in urban areas based on less complex resource-intensive models to target challenge scarcity. The first objective this work develop model that...

This study investigates Europe’s space cooling energy field. The work aims to assess the European Union (plus United Kingdom) final consumption for in both residential and service sectors with 2016 as a baseline. An extensive literature review of datasets journal papers has been conducted fill knowledge gaps investigated branch. market is mainly dominated by vapour compression (VC) technologies which, this study, have grouped room air conditioners (RACs) centralized (CACs). These technology...

Space heating and cooling (H&C) constitute nearly half of Europe’s total energy consumption, yet only 23% this demand is fulfilled by renewable sources. Green H&C technologies, characterized both usage efficiency, remain underutilized despite their significant environmental economic advantages. This study aims to identify the socio-economic barriers drivers influencing adoption green technologies across Europe. Employing a comprehensive analysis policy, technological, market...

The scope of this investigation is to analyze recent advances in district cooling (DC) Europe (European Union plus the United Kingdom (EU27+UK)). study focuses on data and information from past decade draws a picture for year 2016. To date, contrast European heating market, DC branch has barely been explored scientific literature. In current paper, that describe actual market EU27+UK—which includes quantity plants, equivalent full-load hours, installed capacities as well values seasonal...

Energy transition deals with and starts from data information, which are relevant for decision making strategy implementation. Several stakeholders who deal planning, energy management, policy-making processes need findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) to solve professional issues. The Horizon 2020 (H2020) EnerMaps project contributes providing FAIR management. It aims improve availability, quality, management industry (especially renewable technology industry), planners,...

This study analysed one of Europe’s most unexplored energy fields: process cooling (PC). The work assessed the final consumption (FEC) for PC European Union (and United Kingdom) with a 2016 baseline. An extensive literature review datasets and journal papers was performed to address knowledge gaps by creating high-quality dataset factual accuracy, reliability, completeness. Installed units, equivalent full load hours, efficiency levels (seasonal performance ratio), capacities installed were...

This study investigates insights concerning the future of cooling market European Union (plus United Kingdom) and its possible development for upcoming decade (until 2030). In this manuscript, a qualitative model—Porter’s five forces analysis (PFFA)—and quantitative tool—multi-criteria decision (MCDA)—have been applied to produce forecast corresponding validation technique. It has observed that MCDA tool came similar conclusion as PFFA methodology, highlighting that, presumably, will...

The current study aims to investigate one of the most underexplored energy fields in scientific research, i.e., final consumption (FEC) space cooling (SC) European (EU27+UK) transportation sector with 2019 as a baseline. fundamentals this include comprehensive literature review well creation dataset characterized by completeness and reliability. Different essential input parameters have been investigated encountered data information gaps filled. has broken down into three main categories,...