Synchrotron radiation (SR), as a result of its high‐intensity, brilliant, monochromatic, and collimated beams, is becoming one the most crucial components research in various fields materials science such nanomaterials, biomaterials, energy materials. SR‐based characterization methods can be employed to analyze different systems powders, thin films, bulk forms having complex crystalline or amorphous structures. In this review, peculiarities SR are briefly explained. Moreover, techniques...

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocomposites were prepared with chitosan (HAP-CTS), carboxymethyl cellulose (HAP-CMC), alginate (HAP-ALG), and gelatin (HAP-GEL) using a simple wet chemical in situ precipitation method. The synthesized materials characterized scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis. This revealed the successful synthesis of composites varied...

Many industries use synthetic rubber for various industrial purposes; thus, disposal of waste into the environment causes huge environmental problems. A feasibility study to convert Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) valuable products using batch-type slow pyrolysis will benefit small- medium-scale in their handling. The main objective this research was find sustainable management and energy solutions NBR technology. This employed a two-phase experimental approach where first five preliminary...

Combined Cycle Heat and Power (CCCHP) systems enhance energy efficiency reduce emissions by simultaneously generating electricity heat. This study presents the exergy performance, environmental impact, optimization of CCCHP combustion using Ebsilon Professional 16 software simulation. Three fuel coal, biomass, coal–biomass cofiring were simulated for 150 MW total power output with 125 electrical 25 a heating system. The sensitivity analysis was performed different moisture content varying...

The efficiency, durability, and overall performance of a car engine are influenced by several critical factors. quality properties oil play crucial role, is used in internal combustion engines for lubrication cooling purposes. This research study aimed to compare the impact fullerene-C60 (99.5%), Fe2O3, TiO2 nanoparticles on thermal C.A.L.T.E.X. red with grades 10W30, 20W40, 20W50. focused effect nanoparticle concentration 0.01 wt.% different at various temperature values 30–120 °C....

The ideal climatic and environmental conditions for sugarcane cultivation are present all year round in the tropical island of Sri Lanka. Given annual sugar consumption nation, a significant amount bagasse ash (SCBA), by-product with no intended commercial use but potential health risks, is produced. Numerous studies have been conducted recently to assess viability using SCBA as pozzolanic material structural applications. purpose this study evaluate microstructure samples from three...

The valence band structure of rubrene single crystals was experimentally determined by high-resolution angle-resolved and excitation-energy-dependent photoelectron spectroscopy at room temperature. energy position the peak derived from highest occupied molecular orbital did not depend on excitation energy, reflecting an absence dispersion along surface normal direction. A two-dimensional relation over Brillouin zone obtained photoemission to three critical points reproduced excellently a...

Well-defined monolayers with single-crystalline-like molecular arrangements of dinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]-thiophene (DNTT) and picene, which are a new class organic semiconductors enhanced intermolecular interactions, were fabricated characterized. Although both molecules initially form loosely packed monolayer flat-lying molecule, they undergo phase transition into densely increasing density. Upon the monolayer, highest occupied orbital (HOMO) level these splits two features, as...

Abstract Spontaneous orientation polarization (SOP) has been frequently observed in the evaporated films of organic light‐emitting diode materials. Because SOP modifies charge injection and accumulation properties device, understanding controlling is crucial optimizing performance device. In this study, we investigated dominant factors for formation by focusing on intermolecular interactions. We examined giant surface potential characteristics coevaporated incorporating 1,3,5‐tris(1‐phenyl‐1...

Solar photovoltaic technology is a fast growing form of renewable energy with many positive factors such as low cost, environmental friendliness, independence, etc. But, one the major drawbacks solar less efficiency compared to other forms technologies. There are affecting PV system temperature, irradiance, material quality, reflection losses, cell design Researchers focusing on different aspects control above improve systems. cooling solution which can be used operating temperature cells....

Abstract Polyaniline (PANI) is a promising material for energy storage technologies such as supercapacitors due to its unique properties high conductivity, redox activity, excellent environmental stability, low cost, and easy preparation. However, enhancing the charge capability of PANI improving capacitance challenge. To address this challenge, novel facile electrochemical approach synthesizing porous proposed. This varies from conventional methods by eliminating necessity templates form...

Nanofluids, fluids with different suspended nanoparticles, have shown improved thermo-physical properties in recent research outputs, and they emerged as promising alternatives for the industrial used numerous heat exchange applications. Much has been conducted around world to develop transfer optimum help of nanotechnology, especially 21st century. Following latest outcomes, nanofluids base industrially coolants, such water, engine oil, transformer electronic etc., imposing compared their...

Natural pigments derived from plants present a promising alternative to synthetic dyes for use as pH indicators, owing their sustainable nature and minimal environmental impact. This study investigates the extraction characterization of plant-based create pH-sensitive paper materials. Unlike which contribute chemical waste pollution, these biodegradable alternatives offer an eco-friendly solution testing. The work outlines systematic approach evaluate color changes plant when exposed various...

This study investigates the production of biomass briquettes using waste coconut shell charcoal and cinnamon sawdust, bound by eco-friendly, non-edible binders: cassava peel starch, giant taro pine resin. The process involved carbonization shells, followed crushing, blending with pressing, a 12-day sun-drying period. were tested for calorific value, density, compressive strength, shatter resistance. values ranged from 26.07–31.60 MJ/kg, meeting industrial standards, while densities varied...

Motion Capture (MoCap) has become an integral tool in fields such as sports, medicine, and the entertainment industry. The cost of deploying high-end equipment lack expertise knowledge limit usage MoCap from its full potential, especially at beginner intermediate levels sports coaching. challenges faced while developing affordable systems for have been discussed order to initiate easily accessible system with minimal resources.

The adsorption of atomic hydrogen on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is studied using two element-specific spectroscopies, i.e., near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and photoelectron (XPS). B K-edge NEXAFS spectra show a clear change in the energy region π* band before after reaction with deuterium. On other hand, N only little change. 1s XPS distinct component at low binding side main component, while peak broadening high side. These experimental results are...

Electronic structures of donor-acceptor hetero-interfaces are crucial for performance organic solar cell devices. In the present study, a well-defined molecular interface pentacene single crystal and C60 overlayer is elucidated by x-ray ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS UPS) yield (PYS). An energy level diagram at this hetero-molecular contact in "head-on" orientation derived, which reveals vacuum alignment flat-band conditions. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.59]

The electronic structures of pentacene single crystals (SCs) were elucidated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and yield (PYS). An asymmetric HOMO peak profile the SCs obtained UPS exhibits a close similarity to k -projected density-of-states valence band that has been predicted theoretical calculation [H. Yoshida N. Sato, Phys. Rev. B 77 , 235205 (2008)]. ionization energy is successfully determined be 4.95 (± 0.03) eV which evidently greater than bulk films [4.90 0.02) eV].

A UV, visible and NIR range irradiation responsive magnetite/graphite nanoplatelets composite was successfully synthesised via a single-step facile in-situ electrochemical exfoliation method using natural vein graphite. The spectral analysis revealed that as-synthesised photocatalytic could rapidly degrade the organic dyes with 96.1, 78.0 82.6 % efficiency in 120 minutes under respective Visible, ranges of electromagnetic spectrum. formation magnetite-graphite nanoplatelet (GNP)...

In this study, we investigated the spontaneous orientation polarization (SOP) in coevaporated films of polar and nonpolar molecules. SOP has been commonly observed evaporated organic light‐emitting diode materials, it influences device performances. However, mechanism formation is yet to be clarified. Herein, characterized molecular molecules 1,3,5‐tris (1phenyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl) benzene (TPBi) with 1,4‐bis‐(triphenylsilyl) (UGH‐2) or 4,4′‐bis (N‐carbazolyl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl (CBP). We...

This study investigates the impact of incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into two types oils at different temperatures and with varying volume fractions: transformer oil (NYTRO LIBRA) virgin coconut (manufactured by Govi Aruna Pvt. Ltd., Gampaha, Sri Lanka). The nanofluids were prepared using a two-step method adding CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) surfactant. To minimize nanoparticle agglomeration, this employed relatively low-volume fractions. Thermal properties means thermal...

The growing demand for water purification provided the initial momentum to produce lanthanide-incorporated nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) such as HAP·CeO2, HAP·CeO2·La(OH)3 (2:1), and (3:2). These materials open avenues remove fluoride lead ions from contaminated bodies effectively. Composites of HAP containing CeO2 La(OH)3 were prepared using in situ wet precipitation HAP, followed by addition Ce(SO4)2 La(NO3)3 into same reaction mixture. resultant solids tested removal water. It was found that...