Abstract Background Cognitive impairment has emerged as a common post-acute sequela of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesised that cognitive exists in patients after COVID-19 and it is most severe admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This prospective controlled cohort study 213 participants performed at Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki, Finland, comprised three groups patients—ICU-treated ( n = 72), ward-treated 49), home-isolated 44)—with confirmed between...

Subjective and objective cognitive dysfunction are reported after COVID-19 but with limited data on their congruence associations the severity of acute disease. The aim this cohort study is to describe prevalence subjective at three six months symptoms psychological disease-related factors.We assessed a 184 patients COVID-19: 82 admitted Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 53 regular hospital wards, 49 isolated home. A non-COVID control group individuals was included. Demographic clinical were...

Disorders of music and speech perception, known as amusia aphasia, have traditionally been regarded dissociated deficits based on studies brain damaged patients. This has taken evidence that are perceived by largely separate independent networks in the brain. However, recent congenital broadened this view showing deficit is associated with problems perceiving prosody, especially intonation emotional prosody. In present study association between perception prosody was investigated healthy...

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we measured brain activity of human participants while they performed a sentence congruence judgment task in either the visual or auditory modality separately, both modalities simultaneously. Significant performance decrements were observed when attention was divided between two compared with one selectively attended. Compared selective (i.e., single tasking), dual-tasking) did not recruit additional cortical regions, but resulted increased...

The temporal and spatial neural processing of faces has been investigated rigorously, but few studies have unified these dimensions to reveal the spatio-temporal dynamics postulated by models face processing. We used support vector machine decoding representational similarity analysis combine information from different locations (fMRI), time windows (EEG), theoretical models. By correlating dissimilarity matrices (RDMs) derived multiple pairwise classifications responses facial expressions...

Background: Previous studies have suggested that processing of visual contrast information could be altered in major depressive disorder. To clarify the changes at different levels hierarchy, we behaviourally measured perception 2 centre-surround conditions, assessing retinal and cortical processing. Methods: As part a prospective cohort study, our sample consisted controls (n = 29; 21 female) patients with unipolar depression, bipolar disorder borderline personality who had baseline...

The fronto-parietal attention networks have been extensively studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but spatiotemporal dynamics of these are not well understood. We measured event-related potentials (ERPs) electroencephalography (EEG) and collected fMRI data from identical experiments where participants performed visual auditory discrimination tasks separately or simultaneously without distractors. To overcome the low temporal resolution fMRI, we used a novel ERP-based...

In real-life noisy situations, we can selectively attend to conversations in the presence of irrelevant voices, but neurocognitive mechanisms such natural listening situations remain largely unexplored. Previous research has shown distributed activity mid superior temporal gyrus (STG) and sulcus (STS) while speech human posterior STS fusiform when combining auditory, visual linguistic information, as well left-hemisphere frontal cortical areas during comprehension. present functional...

Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 has been reported, but findings are inconsistent. This study assessed cognitive functioning 6 months post-infection across three severity groups compared to non-COVID controls. Seventy-two ICU-treated, 49 ward-treated, and 44 home-isolated COVID-19, along 48 controls, underwent neuropsychological evaluation assessment of subjective symptoms, depressive fatigue. test scores were using ANCOVA. Associations between variables including demographics,...

Cumulative psychophysical evidence suggests that the shape of closed contours is analysed by means their radial frequency components (RFC). However, neurophysiological for RFC-based representations still missing. We investigated representation in human visual cortex with functional magnetic resonance imaging. parametrically varied frequency, amplitude and local curvature contour shapes. The stimuli evoked clear responses across areas univariate analysis, but response magnitude did not depend...

Exposure to early life stress (ELS) is associated with a variety of detrimental psychological and neurodevelopmental effects. Importantly, ELS has been regional alterations aberrant connectivity in the structure functioning brain regions involved emotion processing self-regulation, creating vulnerability mental health problems. However, longitudinal research regarding impact on functional between default mode network (DMN) fronto-limbic (FLN), both implicated emotion-related processes,...

Abstract The development of treatments for attention impairments is hampered by limited knowledge about the malleability underlying neural functions. We conducted first randomized controlled trial to determine modulations brain activity associated with working memory (WM) training in adults attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At baseline, we assessed aberrant functional n‐back WM task comparing 44 ADHD 18 healthy controls using fMRI. Participants were then train on an adaptive...

COVID-19 patients suffered from neurological symptoms in the acute phase. Whether this led to long-term consequences was unknown. We studied brain MRI findings ICU-treated and compared them with groups less severe disease.

Selective attention-related top-down modulation plays a significant role in separating relevant speech from irrelevant background when vocal attributes concurrent speakers are small and continuously evolving. Electrophysiological studies have shown that such enhances neural tracking of attended speech. Yet, the specific cortical regions involved remain unclear due to limited spatial resolution most electrophysiological techniques. To overcome limitations, we collected both...

Recent studies utilizing electrophysiological speech envelope reconstruction have sparked renewed interest in the cocktail party effect by showing that auditory neurons entrain to selectively attended speech. Yet, neural networks of attention naturalistic audiovisual settings with multiple sound sources remain poorly understood. We collected functional brain imaging data while participants viewed video clips lifelike dialogues concurrent distracting background. Dialogues were presented a...

Human listeners prefer octave intervals slightly above the exact 2:1 frequency ratio. To study neural underpinnings of this subjective preference, called enlargement phenomenon, we compared responses between exact, enlarged, oversized, and compressed octaves (or their multiples). The first experiment (n = 20) focused on N1 P2 event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited in EEG 50-250 ms after second tone onset during passive listening one-octave intervals. In applying four-octave intervals,...

Abstract Background Adolescence is a time of ongoing neural maturation and cognitive development, especially regarding executive functions. In the current study, age‐related differences in correlates different functions were tracked by comparing three age groups consisting adolescents young adults. Methods Brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) from 167 human participants (13‐ to 14‐year‐old middle adolescents, 16‐ 17‐year‐old late 20‐ 24‐year‐old...