A5084671680- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geological formations and processes
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Rock Mechanics and Modeling
- Drilling and Well Engineering
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Astro and Planetary Science
National Research Council
2015-2024
Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources
2015-2024
Consorzio Roma Ricerche
2022
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
2018-2020
Instituto de Gastroenterologia de Goiânia
2020
University of Florence
2001-2005
University of Pisa
1976-2005
The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) has a complex structural pattern composed of southern, central, and northern segments. Ages onset faulting volcanism apparently indicate heterogeneous time‐space evolution the segments, generally referred to as northward progression rifting process. New structural, petrological, geochronological data have been used attempt reconciling distinct MER segments into volcanotectonic scenario accounting for propagation Afar Kenya Rifts. In this evolutionary model,...
The western branch of the East African Rift is composed an arcuate succession elongate asymmetric basins, which differ in terms interaction geometry, fault architecture and kinematics, patterns uplift/subsidence erosion/sedimentation. basins are located within Proterozoic mobile belts at edge strong Tanzanian craton; surface geology suggests that geometry these weak zones important parameter controlling rift development architecture, although other processes have been proposed. In this...
Oblique rifting is investigated through centrifuge experiments that reproduce extension of a continental lithosphere containing preexisting weakness zone. During extension, this localizes deformation, and different rift obliquity obtained by varying its trend with respect to the stretching direction. Model results show deformation mostly controlled angle α (defined as between orthogonal direction). For low ( < 45°), initially characterized activation large, en echelon boundary faults...
Abstract Inherited rheological structures in the lithosphere are expected to have large impact on architecture of continental rifts. The Turkana depression East African Rift connects Main Ethiopian north with Kenya rift south. This region is characterized by a NW‐SE trending band thinned crust inherited from Mesozoic rifting event, which cutting present‐day N‐S trend at high angle. In striking contrast narrow rifts Ethiopia and Kenya, extension accommodated subparallel deformation domains...
Research Article| February 01, 2015 Slip re-orientation in oblique rifts M. Philippon; Philippon 1Faculty of Earth Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA, Netherlands2Gesociences Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5243, Université des Antilles Guyane, Pointe-à-Pitre 97157, French West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar E. Willingshofer; Willingshofer Netherlands D. Sokoutis; Sokoutis Netherlands3Department Geosciences, University Oslo, PO 1047 Blindern,...
Abstract We report a direct comparison of scaled analogue experiments to test the reproducibility model results among ten different experimental modelling laboratories. present for two experiments: brittle thrust wedge experiment and brittleviscous extension experiment. The set-up, construction technique, viscous material base wall properties were prescribed. However, each laboratory used its own frictional apparatus. Comparison shortening highlights large differences in evolution that may...
Abstract In this study, we draw on a unique combination of well‐resolved fault‐slip data and earthquake focal mechanisms to constrain spatial variations in style faulting the obliquely extending Main Ethiopian Rift, East Africa. These show that both boundary internal faults – oblique orthogonal plate divergence (PD) respectively exhibit almost pure dip‐slip motion, indicate significant local deflection orientation extension direction at rift margins. Scaled analogue models closely replicate...
The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is a narrow continental rift characterized by an along‐axis variation in evolution, with early stages the south evolving to incipient breakup north. Although distribution and style of Quaternary volcanotectonic deformation well known northern sector, knowledge these characteristics comparatively less constrained southward. In this paper we present results field structural study carried out better constrain time‐space faulting central sector MER (central MER)....
The geological record at rifts and margins worldwide often reveals considerable along-strike variations in volumes of extruded intruded igneous rocks. These may be the result asthenospheric heterogeneity, rate, timing extension; alternatively, preexisting plate architecture and/or evolving kinematics extension during breakup exert first-order control on magmatism. Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) East Africa provides an excellent opportunity to address this dichotomy: it exposes, along strike,...
Abstract Continental rift systems form by propagation of isolated segments that interact, and eventually evolve into continuous zones deformation. This process impacts many aspects rifting including morphology at breakup, eventual ocean-ridge segmentation. Yet, segment growth interaction remain enigmatic. Here we present geological data from the poorly documented Ririba (South Ethiopia) reveals how two major sectors East African rift, Kenyan Ethiopian rifts, interact. We show formed...
Abstract We investigate the along‐axis variations in architecture, segmentation, and evolution of Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), East Africa, relate these characteristics to regional geology, lithospheric structure, surface processes. first illustrate significant basin architecture through analysis simplified geological cross sections different rift sectors. then integrate this information with a new topography hydrography how (basin symmetry/asymmetry) is reflected margin has been likely...
Abstract Continental rifting is a geodynamic process that involves the breakup of crust and may eventually evolve to seafloor spreading. Although it often assumed be product orthogonal divergence, continental result from oblique extension, in several cases, related rotation plates or crustal blocks about vertical axis. This implies occurrence rifts with straight but not parallel margins rift axis‐parallel gradients extension velocity amount strain. The effects propagation through has only...
In the Main Ethiopian Rift (East Africa) a complex tectonic history preceded Tertiary rifting creating pre-existing discontinuities that influenced extension-related deformation. Therefore, this area offers opportunity to analyze control exerted by structures on continental at different scales. paper we present an overview of such influence. We show large scale (up ∼800–1,000 km) rift localization has been controlled lithospheric-scale inherited heterogeneity corresponding Precambrian suture...
Small‐scale centrifuge models were used to investigate the role of continental rift structure in controlling patterns magma migration and emplacement. Experiments considered reactivation weakness zones lower crust presence at Moho depths. Results suggest that surface deformation, which reflects zone geometry, exerts a major control on migration. In case single segment, experimental both transferred an extension‐parallel direction toward flanks. This lateral reflected dominance far‐field...