A5083162330- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
- Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair
- Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Apelin-related biomedical research
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
St. Michael's Hospital
2016-2025
Unity Health Toronto
2019-2025
Hubei University of Science and Technology
2024-2025
22q11 Ireland
2024
University of Toronto
2008-2023
Toronto Public Health
2011-2023
St Michaels Hospital
2021
St Joseph's Health Centre
2019
LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology (Canada)
2004-2017
University Health Network
2017
SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors lower cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus but whether they promote direct cardiac effects remains unknown. We sought to determine if empagliflozin causes a decrease left ventricular (LV) mass people with and coronary artery disease.Between November 2016 April 2018, we recruited 97 individuals ≥40 ≤80 years old glycated hemoglobin 6.5% 10.0%, known disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60mL/min/1.73m2. The participants...
The endothelium plays a central role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. One main effectors endothelial dysfunction is ANG II, and pharmacological approaches to limit II bioactivity remain cornerstone cardiovascular therapeutics. Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) has been identified as critical negative modulator bioactivity, counterbalancing effects ACE determining net tissue levels; however, ACE2 vasculature remains unknown. In present study, we hypothesized that novel target...
Background— Adropin is a recently identified protein that has been implicated in the maintenance of energy homeostasis and insulin resistance. Because vascular function sensitivity are closely related, we hypothesized adropin may also exert direct effects on endothelium. Methods Results— In vitro cell culture models were partnered with an vivo murine injury model to determine potential adropin. was expressed human umbilical vein coronary artery endothelial cells (ECs). Adropin-treated...
MicroRNA are essential posttranscriptional modulators of gene expression implicated in various chronic diseases. Because microRNA-145 is highly expressed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and regulates VSMC fate plasticity, we hypothesized that it may be a novel regulator atherosclerosis plaque stability.Apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE(-/-)) were treated with either lentivirus under the control cell (SMC)-specific promoter SM22α or before commencing Western diet for 12 weeks. The...
Altered macrophage kinetics is a pivotal mechanism of visceral obesity-induced inflammation and cardiometabolic risk. Because monocytes can differentiate into either proatherogenic M1 macrophages or anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, approaches that limit while promoting differentiation represent unique therapeutic strategy. We hypothesized adiponectin may prime human toward the phenotype. Adiponectin promoted alternative activation as opposed to classically activated Adiponectin-treated...
The tumour suppressor BRCA1 is mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancer but its role protecting other tissues from DNA damage has not been explored. Here we show a new for as gatekeeper of cardiac function survival. In mice, loss cardiomyocytes results adverse remodelling, poor ventricular higher mortality response to ischaemic or genotoxic stress. Mechanistically, cardiomyocyte impaired double-strand break repair activated p53-mediated pro-apoptotic signalling culminating increased...
The physiological role of autophagic flux within the vascular endothelial layer remains poorly understood. Here, we show that in primary cells, oxidized and native LDL stimulates autophagosome formation. Moreover, by both confocal electron microscopy, excess or modified appears to be engulfed structures. Transient knockdown essential autophagy gene ATG7 resulted higher levels intracellular (125) I-LDL (OxLDL) accumulation, suggesting may represent an important mechanism regulate excess,...
Improving endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) bioactivity and function is important to limit native, vein graft, transplant atherosclerosis. Visfatin, a NAD biosynthetic enzyme, regulates the activity of cellular survival factor, Sirt1. We hypothesized that visfatin may improve eNOS expression, function, postnatal angiogenesis. In human umbilical (HUVEC) coronary artery cells, we evaluated effects recombinant on protein transcript expression mRNA stability, in presence absence RNA...
Neointimal hyperplasia secondary to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation limits the long-term patency of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs). We compared markers injury and VSMC in SVGs harvested using pedicled 'no-touch' (NT) vs conventional (CON) technique. Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were enrolled PATENT SVG trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01488084). randomly allocated have with NT technique from one leg CON method other. segments underwent morphometry, histological...
There is evidence that angiotensin II synthesized by the proximal tubule and secreted into tubular lumen. This study examined functional significance of endogenously produced on transport in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Addition 10(-11), 10(-8), 10(-6) M to lumen convoluted tubules perfused vivo had no effect rate fluid reabsorption. The absence an exogenous luminal could be due its endogenous production secretion. Luminal 10(-8) Dup 753 (an receptor antagonist) resulted a 35% decrease...
We tested the hypothesis that induction of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) impairs vascular smooth muscle contractility after hypoxia. nNOS protein was increased in aorta, mesenteric arterioles, pulmonary arteries, brain, and diaphragm from rats exposed to 8% O2 for 48 hours human aortic SMCs hypoxic incubation (1% O2). Ca2+-dependent activity endothelium-denuded segments hypoxia-exposed rats. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester enhanced contractile responses rings arterioles but not normoxic (P <...
Sepsis is a multifactorial, and often fatal, disorder typically characterized by widespread inflammation immune activation with resultant endothelial activation. In the present study, we postulated that adipokine adiponectin serves as critical modulator of survival in sepsis. To this aim, evaluated both loss-of-function (adiponectin gene-deficient mice) subsequent gain-of-function (recombinant reconstitution) strategies two well-established inflammatory models, cecal ligation perforation...
<h3>Importance</h3> Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurring after cardiac surgery is associated with adverse outcomes. Whether POAF persists beyond discharge not well defined. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether continuous rhythm monitoring enhances detection of among surgical patients during the first 30 days hospital compared usual care. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study an investigator-initiated, open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial...
We investigated the effects of short‐term exposure to physiological levels 17β‐estradiol and testosterone on vasocontractile responses in porcine coronary artery rings. Concentration‐response curves endothelin‐1, 5‐hydroxytryptamine, thromboxane analogue U46619 KCl were constructed endothelium‐intact endothelium‐disrupted Thirty minutes (1 30 n M ) significantly attenuated vasoconstriction 5‐hydroxytryptamine U46619. Conversely, same concentrations potentiated elicited by these contractile...