High-performance systems are increasingly bottlenecked by the growing energy and communications costs of interconnecting numerous compute memory resources. Recent advances in integrated silicon photonics offer opportunity embedding optical connectivity that directly delivers high off-chip communication bandwidth densities with low power consumption. This paper reviews design integration photonic interconnection networks address data-movement challenges high-performance systems. Beyond...

The Dragonfly topology provides low-diameter connectivity for high-performance computing with all-to-all global links at the inter-group level. Our traffic matrix characterization of various scientific applications shows consistent mismatch between imbalanced group-to-group and uniform bandwidth allocation Dragonfly. Though adaptive routing has been proposed to utilize non-minimal paths, increased hops cross-group interference lower efficiency. This work presents a photonic architecture,...

We propose a closed‐form pricing formula for the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (CBOE VIX) futures based on classic discrete‐time Heston–Nandi GARCH model. The parameters are estimated using several sets of data, including S&P 500 returns, CBOE VIX, VIX prices and combinations these data sources. Based resulting empirical performances, we recommend use both joint estimation model parameters. Such method can effectively capture variations market simultaneously in‐sample...

The Dragonfly topology provides low-diameter connectivity for high-performanceleb computing with all-to-all global links at the inter-group level. Our traffic matrix characterization of various scientific applications shows consistent mismatch between imbalanced group-to-group and uniform bandwidth allocation Dragonfly. Though adaptive routing has been proposed to utilize non-minimal paths, increased hops cross-group interference lower efficiency. This work presents a photonic architecture,...

As bytes-per-FLOP ratios continue to decline, communication is becoming a bottleneck for performance scaling. This paper describes bandwidth steering in HPC using emerging reconfigurable silicon photonic switches. We demonstrate that placing photonics the lower layers of hierarchical topology efficiently changes connectivity and consequently allows operators recover from system fragmentation otherwise hard mitigate common task placement strategies. Bandwidth enables efficient utilization...

Optical transmission systems exist ubiquitously in data center, access, metro and long-haul networks, are divided into different autonomous domains based on carrier ownership, network equipment manufacturers, geographical location, etc. Software-defined Internet exchange methods have been proposed to solve the long-standing problem of inter-domain routing enable control flexibility layer-3 software-defined networking (SDN) has also introduced optical networks much progress made enhance...

Research on stigmatized work is based western adults' behaviors regarding objective features. Our empirical study extends scholarship by examining urban Chinese children's meanings of and occupations, particularly dirty work. Using hybrid inductive-deductive analyses focus group interview data from over 200 children, our findings explore their constructions engineering as undesirable or socially work—dirty, dangerous, demeaning insulting. Although children perceived other occupations to have...

Silicon photonics based switches offer an effective option for the delivery of dynamic bandwidth future large-scale Datacom systems while maintaining scalable energy efficiency. The integration a silicon photonics-based optical switching fabric within electronic architectures requires novel network topologies and arbitration strategies to effectively manage active elements in network. We present software-defined networking control plane integrate photonic with conventional Ethernet or...

We present a proof-of-concept eight-channel wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) source for future terabit interconnects based on highly efficient laser array. The array is composed of novel, high-power DFB lasers with record electro-optical efficiency, operating at 1280 nm, >250-mW output power and efficiencies up to 36%. eight-laser array, ~100-GHz channel spacing optically butt-coupled planar lightwave circuit that consists low-loss silicon nitride waveguides clad oxide appropriate...

Enterprises and cloud providers are moving away from deployment of large-scale data centers towards smallto mid-sized because their lower implementation maintenance costs. An optical metro network is used to provide connectivity among these centers. The requires flexibility on bandwidth allocation various levels Quality Service support the new emerging applications services including ones enabled by 5G. As a result, next generation networks face complex control management issues that needs...

End-to-end, impairment-aware wavelength path provisioning is experimentally realized in a multi-domain network using transparent software-defined exchange (tSDX) with real-time OSNR monitoring as an SLA guarantee for 100Gbps PM-QPSK DWDM transmission.

The fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) is expected to introduce new services with strict end-to-end delay requirements. For this reason, service providers and network operators are increasingly relying on geographically distributed metro data centers (DCs) bring closer end-users reduce delivery time. DCs frequently exchange for different purposes, such as backup load balancing. Some these transfers require guaranteed low delays. Meanwhile, efficient use resources necessary limit the...

Amidst escalating global technological competition, the Chinese government has prioritized science, technology and innovation (STI) policy as a means to bolster our competitiveness. This study collected analyzed 929 documents related STI in China between 1983 2022. Employing attention theory text analysis methodologies, systematically examined evolutionary characteristics of these policies. The findings unveil distinct stages evolution within this domain, accompanied by corresponding shifts...

We present an autonomous SDN network architecture that leverages the spatial and wavelength switching capabilities of silicon photonics microring-based circuits for self-adaptive bandwidth steering. These functionalities are seamlessly integrated demonstrated in a datacom testbed.

We demonstrate significant performance improvements for data centers and high-performance computing systems through dynamic bandwidth steering enabled by silicon photonic switches on a physical testbed. Experimental running the GTC benchmark testbed showed >30% reduction in total execution time.

We present an optically connected disaggregated system architecture that supports dynamic resource allocation, leveraging the optical spatial switching capability of silicon photonic microring-based interconnects and demonstrate compute nodes on-request access to remote memory PCIe-based resources.

A comprehensive design of wavefront-splitting interferometers (WSIs) is introduced for integration into wafer light circuits and optical fiber systems. The WSI detects the coherent interference two wavefronts after being equally split by a single buried resonator collected mode waveguide. WSIs present desirable compact sensor as possible with Fabry Perot (FPIs), additional benefits strong visibility contrast high sensitivity to external parameters expected Mach-Zehnder interferometers....

Datacenter and HPC workloads have diverse memory capacity requirements, but typical node architectures accommodate a superset of those requirements. High bandwidth density photonic link technologies enable efficient disaggregation – potentially reducing wasted by 8-10x.

We propose a self-adaptive, multi-rate converged architecture and control-plane for metro-scale inter-data-center networks, enabling live autonomous bandwidth steering. Experimental numerical evaluations demonstrate up to 5× 25% improvements in transmission times spectrum usage.

We present a scalable Software-Defined-Networking (SDN) control-plane to integrate Silicon Photonics (SiP) with conventional Ethernet/InfiniBand networks and simultaneously perform packet circuit switching. Experimental evaluations demonstrate this unique solution 224 microseconds control plane latency for data-center high-performance-computing platforms.

This paper presents the integration of multiple silicon photonic (SiP) switches within a high-performance computing environment to enable network reconfigurability in order achieve optimized bandwidth utilization. We demonstrate physical testbed implementation that incorporates two fabricated SiP capable switching traffic under real HPC benchmark workloads. The system uses dynamic optical steering match its topology characteristics application, and achieves up approximately 40% reduction...

As enterprises struggle to meet the demand for elastic cloud computing services in distributed data centers (DCs), a significant portion of total expenditure is spent on procurement and maintenance server network equipment. Network resource utilization efficiency therefore crucial minimize overall costs increase return investment. We present an adaptive synergistic management both IT resources with autonomous control plane converged inter/ intra-DC address this issue. The uses its awareness...