A5041660553- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
University of Washington
2007-2017
Seattle University
1972-2013
University of Washington Medical Center
1970-2013
Manchester University
2012
Max Planck Institute for Brain Research
2007
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
1999
University of British Columbia
1991
Neurological Surgery
1991
Wayne State University
1988
Seattle Children's Hospital
1983
Abstract We have measured the spatial density of cones and rods in eight wholemounted human retinas, obtained from seven individuals between 27 44 years age, constructed maps photoreceptor between‐individual variability. The average retina contains 4.6 million (4.08–5.29 million). Peak foveal cone averages 199,000 cones/mm 2 is highly variable (100,000–324,000 ). point highest may be found an area as large 0.032 deg . Cone falls steeply with increasing eccentricity order magnitude lower 1 mm...
Abstract The retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase has been used to identify efferent cells in area 17 the macaque. Cells projecting lateral geniculate nucleus are small medium sized pyramidal neurons with somata lamina 6 and adjacent white matter. projection parvocellular division arises preferentially from upper half 6, while that magnocellular lower part lamina. both superior colliculus inferior pulvinar all sizes lying 5B (Lund Boothe, '75); at least largest send collateral axon...
The distribution of photoreceptors is known for only one complete human retina and the cardinal meridians in macaque monkey retina. Cones can be mapped computer-reconstructed whole mounts A 2.9-fold range maximum cone density foveas young adult eyes may contribute to individual differences acuity. Cone radially asymmetrical about fovea both species, as previously described retinal ganglion cells lines visual isosensitivity. was greater nasal than temporal peripheral retina, this nasotemporal...
Recent studies have shown that the presence of immunoreactivity for parvalbumin (PV-IR) and calbindin-D 28k (Cal-IR) can be used as markers certain types gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactive interneurons in monkey cerebral cortex. Little quantitative information is available regarding features distinguish these two subpopulations, however. Therefore, this study we localized PV-IR Cal-IR neurons Macaca striate cortex analyzed quantitatively their laminar distribution, cell...
We have examined a pair of eyes from normal, full-term infant who died at 8 days as result accidental injury. Eyes were obtained immediately after death, fixed, and sectioned for light microscopy. Results both substantially the same. The macular region was still drastically immature 1 week. Even though foveal depression existed, all cell layers present across it. Furthermore, inner nuclear layer divided into two separate layers. receptor reduced to one or cells thick; receptors had outer...
Abstract In spite of the crucial role retinal photoreceptors play in mapping optical images into a pattern neural excitation, there are no complete studies photoreceptor topography any primate retina. We have measured spatial density and inner segment areas cones rods across whole mounted retinas three adult pigtail macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ) constructed maps diameter. These contain an average 3.1 million (2.8–3.3 million), with peak foveal cone 210,000 cones/mm 2 (190,000–260,000 )....
Abstract This paper presents evidence on the retinal distribution and certral projections of ganglion cells various cell body sizes in adul macaque monkey. The have been determined by computer assisted measurement camera lucida drawings at eccentricities both flat mounted sectioned retinae. pattern individual to dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus superior colliculus has studied using retrograde axonal transport horseradish peroxidase. Following peroxidase injections into parvocellular laminae...
The retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are members of the family ligand-dependent nuclear hormone receptors. One these genes, RXRgamma, is expressed in highly restricted regions developing central nervous system (CNS), including retina. Although previous studies have localized RXRgamma to cone photoreceptors several species, its function cells unknown. A prior study showed that thyroid receptor beta2 (TRbeta2) necessary establish proper patterning mice by activating medium-wavelength (M) opsin and...
Abstract The Golgi Rapid and Kopsch techniques have been used to provide material for an examination of the internal neuronal organization cortical area VII Macaca monkey. afferent efferent relationships VII, as shown by axoplasmic transport tracing in our own previous studies other laboratories, are reviewed. Comparison is made between organisation VI cortex terms (1) marked difference spiny nonspiny neuron populations granular layer 4, (2) relationship lamina 6 pyramidal neurons overlying...
Abstract Light and electron microscopic radioautography have been used to localize the rapid slow components of axoplasmic flow within monkey lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Three days after an intravitreal injection H 3 leucine, 53% silver grains found in LGN were localized retinal synaptic terminals 27% over axons. By 30 post‐injection, 66% axons while now contained 21% grains. At both neurons postsynaptic radioactive showed higher levels labeling than layers not receiving afferents from...