A comparative study of state-of-the-art behavioral models for microwave power amplifiers (PAs) is presented in this paper. After establishing a proper definition accuracy and complexity PA models, short description on various presented. The main focus paper the modeling as function computational complexity. Data collected from measurements two PAs-a general-purpose amplifier Doherty designed WiMAX-for different output levels. are characterized terms both in-band out-of-band error. results...

As 5G New Radio (NR) is being rolled out, research effort focused on the evolution of what to come in post-5G era. In order meet diverse requirements future wireless communication terms increased capacity and reduced latency, technologies such as distributed massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), sub-millimeter wave Tera-hertz spectrum become technology components interest. Furthermore, demands connectivity anywhere at anytime, non-terrestrial satellite networks will be needed, which...

In this paper, the design of varactor-based tunable matching networks for dynamic load modulation high power amplifiers (PAs) is presented. Design guidelines to overcome common breakdown, and tunability problems varactors applications are proposed. Based on guidelines, using commercially available abrupt junction silicon varactors, a network built measured. The then used 1-GHz 7-W class-E LDMOS PA. Static measurements modulated PA show that power-added efficiency improved by an absolute...

In this paper, the design, implementation, and experimental results of a high-efficiency wideband GaN-HEMT power amplifier are presented. A method based on source-pull/load-pull simulation has been used to find optimum source load impedances across bandwidth then with systematic approach design matching networks. Large-signal measurement show that, 1.9-4.3 GHz, 9-11-dB gain 57%-72% drain efficiency obtained while corresponding power-added (PAE) is 50%-62%. Moreover, an output higher than 10...

This paper proposes a new technique to identify the parameters of digital predistorter based on iterative learning control (ILC). ILC is well-established theory that can obtain inverse system. Instead focusing identifying parameters, proposed here first uses an algorithm optimal power amplifier (PA) input signal drives PA desired linear output response. Once identified, are estimated using standard modeling approaches, e.g., least squares. To this end, in paper, we present complete...

This paper derives the theory and presents measurements of a new power amplifier based on Doherty topology. It is theoretically shown that proposed can simultaneously provide high efficiency at both full output back-off, over much improved bandwidth compared to conventional amplifier. also allows reconfiguration in back-off without need tunable elements.

Every new generation of mobile systems should provide higher capacity, serve more users, be energy efficient, and have lower cost. Radio-access hardware constitutes a major bottleneck for reaching these goals, which is particularly noticeable issue now that 5G communication are being developed. A combination breakthroughs in theory-as massive multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) [1], highly integrated semiconductor packaging technologies, extended spectrum allocations- has enabled paradigm...

In this paper, the design, implementation, and experimental results of a high-efficiency dual-band GaN-HEMT Doherty power amplifier (DPA) are presented. An extensive discussion about design passive structures is presented showing different possible topologies DPA. One proposed used to DPA in hybrid technology for frequency bands 1.8 2.4 GHz with second efficiency peak at 6-dB output back-off (OBO). For continuous-wave 20 W, measured power-added (PAE) 64% 54% GHz, respectively. At -dB OBO,...

A symmetrical Doherty power amplifier (PA) with an extended efficiency range is proposed. This paper proves the existence of a class PAs having peaks for back-off levels larger than 6 dB. design technique developed that maintains full voltage and current swings both main auxiliary transistors. The concept experimentally verified in 1.95-GHz 25-W circuit demonstrator fabricated using identical GaN HEMT devices. An average power-added 50% adjacent leakage ratio -49 dBc obtained 9-dB...

A switched behavioral model considering memory effects with a special focus on "difficult" amplifier architectures is proposed in this paper. The shown to be very low-complex and linearly identifiable. digital predistorter based the implemented for 100-W 2.6-GHz Doherty power that has been considered difficult other reports, it models can successfully linearize amplifier, both WCDMA signal more wideband long-term evolution signal. In particular, outperform state-of-the-art predistorters...

Massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are one possible key technology for next generation wireless communication systems. Claims have been made that massive MU-MIMO will increase both the radiated energy efficiency as well sum-rate capacity by orders of magnitude, because high transmit directivity. However, due to very large number transceivers needed at each base-station (BS), a successful implementation be contingent on availability cheap, compact and...

<?Pub Dtl=""?> This paper presents a linear multi-harmonic analysis method to evaluate the performance of digitally controlled dual RF-input power amplifiers (PAs). The enables, due its low computational cost, optimization PA efficiency and bandwidth in complex design space involving two independent inputs. Under idealized assumption short-circuited higher harmonics, is used prove existence Doherty-outphasing continuum, featuring high average over 100% fractional bandwidth. With this result...

This paper addresses the limitations and difficulties, in terms of DC-current density restrictions, process limitations, associated with implementing impedance inverters high characteristic for monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs). It is theoretically shown that can be realized by utilizing output capacitance active devices, together a compact Tee-network transmission lines feasible linewidths. The utility inverter proven design fabrication GaN...

In this paper, a digital predistortion (DPD) technique for wideband multi-antenna transmitters is proposed. The proposed DPD compensates the combined effects of power amplifier (PA) nonlinearity, antenna crosstalk, and impedance mismatch. consists linear crosstalk mismatch model block shared by all transmit paths dual-input in every path. By avoiding use multi-input blocks path, complexity kept low scales more favorably with number antennas than competing techniques. It shown that can be...

Eighty years ago, William Doherty invented a PA architecture that has played-and will continue to play-an important role in the development of energy-efficient radio transmitters for variety wireless communication applications. Although original concept is still equally valid, new semiconductor processes and digital signal processing techniques served as basis an evolution DPA topology into 21st century. The need power amplification be further emphasized future systems (5G beyond) through...

The next-generation 5G and beyond-5G wireless systems have stimulated a substantial growth in research, development, deployment of mm-Wave electronic antenna arrays at various scales. It is also envisioned that large dynamic range modulation signals with high spectral efficiency will be ubiquitously employed future communication sensing systems. As the interface between antennas transceiver electronics, power amplifiers (PAs) typically govern output power, energy efficiency, reliability...

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of nonlinear intermodulation distortion (IMD) behavior in RF CMOS power amplifiers (PAs). Separate analyses are presented for small- and large-signal operation regimes. Especially, new, simple, behavioral IMD method is that allows the mechanisms dominant generation to be identified their individual contributions studied. By combining these analyses, typical versus input characteristics MOSFET PAs can predicted understood different classes...

In this paper, the intermodulation distortion (IMD) behavior of LDMOS transistors is treated. First, an analysis performed to explain measured IMD characteristics in different classes operation. It shown that turn-on region plays important role explaining behavior, which may also give a clue excellent linearity transistors. Thereafter, with knowledge, new empirical large-signal model improved capability predicting amplifiers presented. The verified against various measurements at low as well...

Highly integrated transmitter and receiver MMICs have been designed in a commercial 0.15 /spl mu/m, 88 GHz f/sub T//183 MAX/ GaAs pHEMT MMIC process characterized on both chip system level. These chips show the highest level of integration yet presented 60 band are true multipurpose front-end designs. The operates with an LO signal range 7-8 GHz. This is multiplied multiply-by-eight (X8) chain, resulting IF center frequency 2.5 Although inherently designs, they especially suitable for...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In-phase/quadrature (I/Q) imbalance is one of the main sources distortion in RF modulators. In this paper, a dual-input nonlinear model based on real-valued Volterra series proposed for compensation frequency-dependent I/Q imbalance. First, different are identified from experimental measurements, then developed. Further, inverse used compensation. Finally, performance compensator evaluated with...

This paper presents an analysis and design technique for RF-input load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA) with Doherty-like efficiency enhancement characteristics. The LMBA is a recently introduced power (PA) architecture in which control signal injected into the isolation port of output coupler amplifier. modulates apparent impedance two main devices. In presented this paper, generated from single-modulated RF input using class-C amplifier, producing overall response. A complete...

In this paper, we propose a technique for comprehensive analysis of nonlinear and dynamic characteristics multi-antenna transmitters (TXs). The is enabled by the development Volterra series-based dual-input model power amplifiers (PAs), which capable considering joint effects PA nonlinearity, antenna crosstalk, mismatch wideband modulated signals. By combining multiple instances with linear simulations, develop technique. proposed method allows prediction output signal every in an...

A novel Doherty power amplifier (PA) design method enabling high efficiency and linearity simultaneously is proposed. The output combiner network treated as a black box, its parameters, together with the input phase delay, are solved based on given transistor characteristics requirements. This opens for new PA solutions nonconventional behavior. increased space enables tradeoffs in designs, including both simultaneously. utilizing developed. For verification, 20-W 2.14-GHz symmetrical...

A new technique for analysis of nonlinear effects in smart antenna array transmitter systems is presented. The founded on a type dual-input circuit behavioral model which allows caused by mutual-coupling and mismatch to be predicted under realistic wideband signal excitations. formulation enables direct interface with multi-port S-parameters detailed prediction radiated field characteristics. method validated over-the-air WCDMA measurements dual-antenna 2.14 GHz MIMO transmitter. results...

Single-chip 60 GHz transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) MMICs have been designed characterized in a 0.15mum (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ~ 120 GHz/f xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MAX</sub> > 200 GHz) GaAs mHEMT MMIC process. This paper describes the second generation of single-chip TX RX together with work on packaging (e.g., flip-chip) system measurements. Compared to first designs commercial pHEMT...