A5006263956- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Plant responses to water stress
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
2025
Northern Arizona University
2022-2024
AIR Worldwide (United States)
2018-2019
The University of Sydney
2010-2015
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
1994-2013
Woodwell Climate Research Center
1994-2013
Texas A&M University
1982-2013
United States Department of Energy
2003-2010
Office of Science
1994-2006
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
1994-2004
To grow, an organism must respire substrates to produce C-skeleton intermediates, usable energy (i.e. ATP), and reducing power [i.e. NAD(P)H] support biosynthesis related processes such as active transport of substrates. Respiration is also needed—mainly a supplier ATP—to maintain existing biomass in functional state. As result, quantifying links between respiration, growth, maintenance are needed assess potential plant productivity, understand responses environmental factors, the basis...
Abstract Plant growth is the balance of photosynthetic gains and respiratory losses, it therefore essential to consider respiration in analyses plant productivity. The partitioning dark losses into two functional components, a component maintenance component, has proved useful. loss that associated with synthesis new biomass while existing biomass. Experimental evidence indicates cost herbaceous plants about equal over growing season, daily maintenace expenditures less important small,...
Abstract Terrestrial higher plants exchange large amounts of CO 2 with the atmosphere each year; c. 15% atmospheric pool C is assimilated in terrestrial‐plant photosynthesis year, an about equal amount returned to as plant respiration and decomposition soil organic matter litter. Any global change metabolism can potentially affect content during course years decades. In particular, responses presently increasing concentration might influence rate increase through various biotic feedbacks....
Abstract. Apart from its impact on global warming, the annually increasing atmospheric [CO 2 ] is of interest to plant scientists primarily because direct influence photosynthesis and photorespiration in C 3 species. But addition, ‘dark’ respiration, another major component carbon budget higher plants, may be affected by a change independent an increase temperature. Literature pertaining respiration rate reviewed. With ], increased some cases, but decreased others. The effects or indirect....
Models represent our primary method for integration of small‐scale, process‐level phenomena into a comprehensive description forest‐stand or ecosystem function. They also key testing hypotheses about the response forest ecosystems to multiple changing environmental conditions. This paper describes evaluation 13 stand‐level models varying in their spatial, mechanistic, and temporal complexity ability capture intra‐ interannual components water carbon cycle an upland, oak‐dominated eastern...
ABSTRACT The structure, control, and efficiency of photosynthetic respiratory systems are examined. Genetic control is complex highly conserved. While many features still unresolved, basic seems little altered by domestication breeding crops. Rubisco, the carboxylase–oxygenase enzyme central to photosynthesis photorespiration, remains a weak point but may be amenable improvement. However, actual radiation‐use crops generally less than potential with present rubisco kinetics, leaving...
Elevated [CO2] and temperature may alter the drought responses of tree seedling growth, photosynthesis, respiration total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) status depending on intensity duration. Few studies have addressed these important climatic interactions or their consequences. We grew Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings in two concentrations (400 640 μl l(-1)) temperatures (28/17 32/21 °C) (day/night) a sun-lit glasshouse, them well-watered conditions exposed to treatments having...
Lignin is derived mainly from three alcohol monomers: p‐coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol. Biochemical reactions probably responsible for synthesizing these monomers sucrose, then polymerizing the into lignin, were analysed to estimate amount of sucrose required produce a unit lignin. Included in calculations amounts respiration provide NADPH (from NADP+) ATP ADP) lignin biosynthesis. Two pathways middle stage monomer biosynthesis considered: one via tyrosine (found monocots)...
Nine ecosystem process models were used to predict CO 2 and water vapor exchanges by a 150‐year‐old black spruce forest in central Canada during 1994–1996 evaluate improve the models. Three had hourly time steps, five daily one monthly steps. Model input included site characteristics meteorology. predictions compared eddy covariance (EC) measurements of whole‐ecosystem exchange evapotranspiration, chamber nighttime moss‐surface release, ground‐based estimates annual gross primary production,...
Global climatic change may cause changes in regional precipitation that have important implications for forest growth the southern United States. In 1993, a stand-level experiment was initiated on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, to study sensitivity of saplings and large trees soil water content. Soil content manipulated by gravity-driven transfer throughfall from dry treatment plot (−33%) wet (+33%). A control included. Each 6400 m2. Measurements stem diameter observations mortality...
Curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) was grown from seed in a glasshouse at an ambient CO(2) partial pressure of about 35 pascals. Apparent respiration rate (CO(2) efflux the dark) expanded leaves then measured 5 to 95 Calculated intercellular proportional these short-term experiments. The level strongly affected apparent rate: doubling typically inhibited by 25 30%, whereas decrease elicited corresponding increase respiration. These responses were readily reversible. A flexible, sensitive...
CO2 diffusion from substomatal intercellular cavities to sites of carboxylation in chloroplasts (mesophyll conductance; gm) limits photosynthetic rate and influences leaf intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gsw). We investigated genotypic variability gm effects on A/gsw among eleven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under light-saturated conditions at either 2 or 21% O2. Significant variation was found between both O2 concentrations, but there no significant effect concentration gm....
We quantified leaf phenologies of saplings and overstory trees sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), the shrub hobblebush viburnum (Viburnum alnifolium in a 72-year-old northern hardwood forest. Seasonal changes irradiance layer, CO(2) exchange viburnum, were also measured. Leaf expansion occurred earlier spring green leaves retained later autumn shrubs than trees. During light phase (before closure), large gains by all three shrub-layer species as...