Attention-dependent modulation of neural activity in visual association cortex (VAC) is thought to depend on top-down modulatory control signals emanating from the prefrontal (PFC). In a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study utilizing working memory task, we demonstrated that levels scene-selective VAC (ssVAC) regions can be enhanced above or suppressed below passive viewing baseline level depending whether scene stimuli were attended ignored (Gazzaley, Cooney, McEvoy, et al....

Abstract The neural basis underlying implicit semantic priming was investigated using event-related fMRI. Prime-target pairs were presented auditorily for lexical decision (LD) on the target stimulus, which either semantically related or unrelated to prime, a nonword. A tone task also administered as control. Behaviorally, all participants demonstrated in LD task. fMRI results showed that three conditions of task, activation seen superior temporal gyrus (STG), middle (MTG), and inferior...

Although it is well established that the hippocampus critical for episodic memory, little known about how interacts with cortical regions during successful memory formation. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify areas exhibited differential connectivity processing of novel objects were subsequently remembered or forgotten on a postscan test. Functional was enhanced successful, as compared unsuccessful, formation, in distributed network limbic...

Remembering an event from the past is often complicated by fact that our memories are cluttered with similar events. Though competition a fundamental part of remembering, there little evidence how mnemonic neurally represented. Here, we assessed whether between visual captured in relative degree to which target vs. competing reactivated within ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC). To assess reactivation, used multivoxel pattern analysis fMRI data, quantifying retrieval events elicited...

Episodic recollection entails the conscious remembrance of event details associated with previously encountered stimuli. Recollection depends on both establishment cortical representations features during stimulus encoding and reinstatement these at retrieval. Here, we used multivoxel pattern analyses functional magnetic resonance imaging data to examine how hippocampal activity retrieval drive recollective memory decisions. During encoding, words were face or scene source contexts. At...

A wealth of neuroscientific evidence indicates that our brains respond differently to previously encountered than novel stimuli. There has been an upswell interest in the prospect functional MRI (fMRI), when coupled with multivariate data analysis techniques, might allow presence or absence individual memories be detected from brain activity patterns. This could have profound implications for forensic investigations and legal proceedings, thus merits limitations such approach are critical...

Cognitive control allows stimulus-response processing to be aligned with internal goals and is thus central intelligent, purposeful behavior. Control thought depend in part on the active representation of task information prefrontal cortex (PFC), which provides a source contextual bias perception, decision making, action. In present study, we investigated organization, influences, consequences context as human subjects performed cued sorting that required them flexibly judge relationship...

Significance The ability to predict an individual’s potential response treatment would permit clinicians more prudently allocate resources that support cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), often stressful and time-consuming treatment. current study lays important groundwork exciting advance toward personalized medicine in psychiatry up this point has eluded the field. This marks a success using multivariate pattern recognition identify neurobiological...

Extant neuroimaging data implicate frontoparietal and medial-temporal lobe regions in episodic retrieval, the specific pattern of activity within across these is diagnostic an individual's subjective mnemonic experience. For example, laboratory-based paradigms, memories for recently encoded faces can be accurately decoded from single-trial fMRI patterns [Uncapher, M. R., Boyd-Meredith, J. T., Chow, T. E., Rissman, J., & Wagner, A. D. Goal-directed modulation neural memory patterns:...

Most complex cognitive tasks require the coordinated interplay of multiple brain networks, but act retrieving an episodic memory may place especially heavy demands for communication between frontoparietal control network (FPCN) and default mode (DMN), two networks that do not strongly interact with one another in many task contexts. We applied graph theoretical analysis to task-related fMRI functional connectivity data from 20 human participants found global modularity—a measure...

Abstract This study explored the neural systems underlying perception of phonetic category structure by investigating a voice onset time (VOT) continuum in categorization task. Stimuli consisted five synthetic speech stimuli which ranged VOT from 0 msec ([da]) to 40 ([ta]). Results 12 subjects showed that system is sensitive differences 10 and details are retained throughout processing stream. Both left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) cingulate graded activation as function membership with...

The maintenance of visual stimuli across a delay interval in working memory tasks is thought to involve reverberant neural communication between the prefrontal cortex and posterior association areas. Recent studies suggest that hippocampus might also contribute this retention process, presumably via reciprocal interactions with regions. To characterize nature these interactions, we performed functional connectivity analysis on an event-related magnetic resonance imaging data set which...

Abstract While much of memory research takes an observer-centric focus looking at participant performance, recent work has pinpointed important item-centric effects on memory, or how intrinsically memorable a given stimulus is. However, little is known about the neural correlates memorability during retrieval, such relate to subjective behavior. Here, stimuli and blood-oxygen-level dependent data from prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study were reanalyzed using...