In 2024, the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), world’s oldest scientific institution dedicated to plant genetic resources (PGR), celebrates its 130th anniversary. Founded as Bureau Applied Botany in late 19th century, VIR has evolved into a globally recognized institute, currently also known National Center for Resources. It preserves collection more than 320,000 unique accessions from 64 botanical families, 376 genera and 2,169 species. The Institute’s mission includes...

Background. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is an important legume crop, widely cultivated in countries with subtropical and tropical climates. Vegetable pods of this species are highly nutritious used as food similarly to vegetable cultivars common bean. The crop resistant high temperatures, undemanding soil fertility, successfully grown the southern regions Russia. In order expand cultivation areas increase profitability production, it necessary select agricultural practices that would enable...

Improving the standards of collecting and maintaining valuable genetic resources accessions information about them is currently crucial importance for successful development world viticulture in light challenges caused by spread grape diseases climate change. This review briefly characterizes global grapevine gene pool, approaches to its conservation, including base duplicate conservation techniques, current status prospects progress vitro cryogenic preservation methods. The potential wild...

Abiotic stressors are the main factors limiting expansion of territories occupied by grape plantations. Industrial viticulture is concentrated in south Russia and limited climatic that do not allow large-scale production other regions country. The present review considers molecular mechanisms resistance to low-temperature stress discusses role genes determining ability plants survive acclimatize during a critical temperature drop. One most studied ways responding cold interaction ICE-CBF-COR...

Nowadays potato breeding is targeting to develop genetically divers high yielding varieties with multiple pathogen resistance traits.Interspecific hybridization jointed marker-assistantselection (MAS) can effectively combine the R genes from different sources.Additionally effective pyramiding target genes, MAS allows restrict introgression of genetic factors conferring undesirable traits, for example, male sterility interspecific hybrids associated Solanum stoloniferum-derived W/gamma...

This article presents a review of cryopreservation methods used to create cryocollections plant genetic resources. The application for the long-term conservation vegetatively propagated crops started relatively recently. About 60 years ago, first programmable (slow) freezing objects were developed. modern include such fast techniques as encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, encapsulation-vitrification, droplet-method, and droplet-vitrification. These are accessions from field genbanks...

Collections of common potato maintained in the field genebanks suffer significant losses due to impact extreme environmental factors, diseases and pests. The solution problem safe long-term preservation accessions is create doublet vitro cryo -collections. Cryogenic collections are stored at ultra-low temperatures cryobanks. Several methods cryoconservation known, which droplet vitrification method developed by B. Panis with colleagues 2005 most widely used genebanks. This paper provides a...

Nine separate scientific conferences and school-conferences dedicated to the conservation, development, study practical use of biological collections various types were held under auspices First Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources Russia”, which took place in Saint Petersburg on 21-24 June 2022. A total more than 300 oral presentations made at these events. The plenary sessions, included 25 lectures, attracted 1,500 participants. development prospects, research scientific-practical potential...

The use of modern breeding methods, biotechnology, and molecular genetics makes it possible to identify promising accessions with specified economically important traits at early pre-breeding stages. success creating new varieties depends on the availability unique collections plant genetic resources, information about genomes, possibility in vitro cultivation high regenerative capacity, practical skills competencies this area. One advanced methods for accelerating process is genome editing...

The Second Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources of Russia” was held in St. Petersburg, June 26-28, 2023. Thе comprised nine associated scientific conferences and conference schools dedicated to the establishment, formation, conservation, development, studying utilization biological (bioresource) collections as well activities bioresource centers, a round table entitled “Statutory Legal Regulation Standards for Work with Bioresource Collections”. More than 700 researchers representing over...

A modified method of combined chemo-thermotherapy for eradication the most damaging viruses in potato plants is proposed.The materials study included 91 clones 85 accessions three South-American cultivated species Solanum phureja (18 accessions), S. stenotomum (26 tuberosum (S. ssp.andigenum and ssp.tuberosum) (41 accessions) from VIR field collection (N.I.Vavilov All-Russian Institute Plant Genetic Resources).The results ELISA RT-PCR analysis corresponding microplants, when introducing into...

Cryopreservation of 20 potato breading cultivars was carried out using an original modification the DV-Biotech droplet vitrification method. The post-cryogenic regeneration frequency apical buds significantly (p <0.05) higher than axillary microplants. A significant effect genotype on level registered.

Cryopreservation provides long-term storage of the gene pool potato varieties in cryobanks at extremely low temperatures. Currently, droplet vitrification is most widely used method for cryopreservation varieties, which constantly improving to increase regeneration rates stored plant material. Different modifications this are world’s leading genebanks. This paper presents results studying effect cultivation conditions after plunging into liquid nitrogen and thawing shoots tips axillary buds...

Considering the global and Russian experience in grape accessions preservation, one of most reliable ways is creation a duplicate vitro collection. However, connection with collections development genome editing techniques, there need for selecting optimal medium composition that will ensure maximum rate callus formation regeneration during introduction plants into culture. This make it possible to obtain necessary amount material further subsequent knockout target genes improve economically...

Under the auspices of 5 th Vavilov International Conference held in St. Petersburg on 21–25 November 2022, eight events were conservation, development, study and practical use plant genetic resources (PGR) collections, as well scientific heritage Nikolay Ivanovich development schools founded by him activities his associates followers. In view modern context new trends science, fundamental knowledge, methods technologies, climatic economic challenges, N.I. plays a big role for technological...

A series of events in honor the centenary Polar Experiment Station VIR founded by Nikolay Ivanovich Vavilov, was opened Second Scientific Conference “Genetic Resources and Genetic Technologies for Development Northern Territories”, which took place on March 13-15, 2023. The objective to provide a regular platform exchange experience, consolidation efforts development interdisciplinary approaches between specialists – geneticists, resource scientists biotechnologists, as well from related...

Iability of blackberry accessions in vivo after vitro culture storage was analyzed. Phenological development phases adult plants, crop yield and water regime were studied the field. Adaptability to adverse environmental factors (frost, drought heat resistance, resistance fungal infections) evaluated.

The immune North American grapevine species Vitis rotundifolia Michaux (subgen. Muscadinia Planch.) is regarded as a potential donor of disease resistance genes, withstanding such dangerous diseases grapes powdery and downy mildews. cultivar ‘Dixie’ the only representative this preserved ex situ in Russia: it maintained by N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) orchards its branch, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station. Third-generation sequencing on MinION platform...

The article presents a brief overview of expeditionary surveys the territory Russia by VIR scientists in 2020 within framework State Assignment for research project No. 0481-2020-0001 “Ensuring preservation and replenishment collection plant genetic resources”. In 2020, with support from budgetary non-budgetary sources, participated 8 collecting missions to various regions (Krasnodar Territory, Adygea, Karelia, including Valaam Island, Murmansk Arkhangelsk provinces, Solovetsky Islands,...

The paper covers the results of civic science project that involved VIR partners – Russian Geographical Society, Schoolchildren’s Movement and Association Communicators in Education Science as organizers schoolchildren, students their parents from different regions Russia participants. project, started 2020 with observations a single crop an apple tree, elicited positive response motivated schoolchildren was continued 2021–2022 inclusion various fruit berry crops. In course three years...