To evaluate the ability of various individual criteria and grouped to diagnose sepsis in dogs.Prospective acquisition clinical data.Client-owned dogs; 30 septic 320 nonseptic.Rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory white blood cell (WBC) count with percent bands, platelet count, serum glucose concentration were obtained on day 0. True was determined days 0 3 according following criteria: (1) histological, microbiological, and/or gross confirmation infection, (2) systemic illness caused...

Abstract Objectives To use computer-assisted kinematic analysis to describe the walk in healthy dogs and adapt Fourier transformation for of data. Design Evaluation normal dogs, using force plate analysis. Sample Population 15 large-breed dogs. Procedure Morphometric data were collected sample population. Temporal distance variables measured walk. Flexion extension movements described scapulohumeral, cubital, carpal, coxofemoral, femorotibial, tarsal joints. was adapted facilitate joint...

Vascular responses to many physiological stresses are abnormal in heart failure. Increased peripheral resistance and a reduction the vasodilator response exercise ischemia examples of this vascular control. Such control failure is result interplay between neural, hormonal, local factors. This study was designed test hypothesis that specific mechanism, endothelium-dependent relaxation acetylcholine (ACh), depressed experimental Experiments were performed on 11 purebred beagles. Experimental...

Pulse transit time (PTT) is a proven, simple to measure, marker of blood pressure (BP) that could potentially permit continuous, noninvasive, and cuff-less BP monitoring (after an initial calibration). However, pulse arrival (PAT), which equal the sum PTT pre-ejection period, gaining popularity for tracking, because it even simpler measure. The aim this study was evaluate hypothesis PAT adequate surrogate as BP. were estimated through aorta using high-fidelity invasive arterial waveforms...

Pulse transit time (PTT) measured as the delay between invasive proximal and distal blood pressure (BP) or flow waveforms (invasive PTT [I-PTT]) tightly correlates with BP. estimated noninvasive arterial could therefore permit cuff-less BP monitoring. A popular estimate for this application is ECG photoplethysmography (PPG) (pulse arrival [PAT]). Another PPG (PPG-PTT). PAT PPG-PTT were assessed markers of over a wide physiologic range using I-PTT reference. Waveforms determining I-PTT, PAT,...

We measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated by plasma disappearance of 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, serum concentrations thyroxine (T4), creatinine, and urea nitrogen, urine specific gravity in 13 cats with naturally acquired hyperthyroidism before 30 days after treatment bilateral thyroidectomy, a group 11 control cats. Mean (+/- SD) T4 concentration decreased from pretreatment value 120.46 39.21) nmol/L to posttreatment 12.15 6.26) (P < 0.0001; reference...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of infertility, affects ∼10% women reproductive age. The etiology and pathophysiology PCOS are poorly understood. is multifaceted includes abnormalities components the metabolic such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension. Exposure to excess testosterone (T) during prenatal period may predispose individuals phenotype. goal this study was determine whether hypertension dyslipidemia occur in well-characterized model produced...

SUMMARY Systolic myocardial function was assessed in 16 dogs with severe congestive heart failure due to chronic mitral valve fibrosis. End-systolic diameters were measured on echocardiograms and end-systolic volume indices calculated. Thirteen of the (81%) had normal or only mildly abnormal function. These data suggested that is not a prominent factor contributing signs regurgitation. Because these data, routine use digitalis glycosides increase cardiac contractility seriously questioned secondary

Assessment of concentrations cardiac troponins may be a useful tool in the evaluation horses with suspected myocardial disease.

Abstract Objective Noninvasive, computer-assisted, three-dimensional kinematic gait analysis was used to describe lameness in a chronic model of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) dogs. Design Hind limb evaluated prior and at 1, 3, 6 months after transection the ligament. Animals Seven clinically normal large Procedure Dynamic flexion extension angles angular velocities were calculated for coxofemoral, femorotibial, tarsal joints. Distance temporal variables determined. Essential...

Objective To define the extent to which Malassezia organisms can be recovered from skin of clinically normal dogs and assess differences in organism recovery related anatomic sampling site method collection. Design Prospective, controlled study. Animals 19 dogs. Procedure The number pachydermatis were determined fungal cultures samples obtained dogs, using an adhesive tape obtain 10 sites/dog. Additionally, 3 methods (direct impression, swabbing technique, superficial scraping) that are...

We developed a new technique to mathematically transform peripheral artery pressure (PAP) waveform distorted by wave reflections into the physiologically more relevant aortic (AP) waveform. First, transfer function relating PAP AP is defined in terms of unknown parameters parallel tube model and flow arterial tree. The are then estimated from measured along with one-time measurement propagation delay time between aorta site (which may be accomplished noninvasively) exploiting preknowledge...

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine-disrupting chemical. Prenatal exposure to BPA known affect birth weight, but its impact on the cardiovascular system has not been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated effects of prenatal treatment and interaction with postnatal overfeeding system. Pregnant sheep were given daily subcutaneous injections corn oil (control) or (0.5 mg/kg/day oil) from day 30 90 gestation. A subset female offspring these dams overfed increase body weight...

SUMMARY Objective To investigate the potential allergenic role of yeast Malassezia pachydermatis in dogs with clinical diagnosis atopic dermatitis. Animals 5 clinically normal nonatopic dogs, 10 cytologic evidence dermatitis, and 12 without Procedure A crude extract was produced by disrupting cell wall M . The 8 its fractions, which were generated fractionation a high-performance liquid chromatography column, injected along 46 commercial allergens for intradermal allergy testing sample...

Background The duration of antacid‐induced hypergastrinemia after cessation administration omeprazole and famotidine apparently has not been determined in dogs. Hypothesis That serum gastrin will return to basal concentrations by 7 days or administration. Animals Nine healthy, adult, male, research colony Methods Randomized, cross‐over design. Serum was daily for establish baseline concentrations. Famotidine (1.0 mg/kg q24h) administered PO followed a 14‐day washout. were during Each drug...

Summary Clinical evaluation of total hip replacement surgery has varied from a low 30% to high 91.2% return good or excellent function. The goal the project reported hereafter, was obtain an objective evaluation, via force plate analysis large number dogs receiving as treatment for spontaneous coxarthrosis. Every surgical candidate trotted across before and at average six months post-operative. results were obtained 127 dogs. For entire group dogs, Zp (vertical peak force) improved 0.394...

We developed a technique to calculate forward and backward arterial waves from proximal distal pressure waveforms. First, the relationship between waveforms is represented with an tube model. Then, model parameters are estimated via least-squares fitting. Finally, calculated using parameter estimates. Thus, unlike most techniques, determined without more difficult flow measurement or experimental perturbation. applied central aortic femoral artery anesthetized dogs during drug infusions,...

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the most important index of arterial stiffness. It conventionally estimated by noninvasively measuring central and peripheral blood pressure (BP) and/or (BV) waveforms then detecting foot-to-foot time delay between wherein reflection presumed absent. We developed techniques for improved estimation PWV from same waveforms. The effectively estimate entire waveforms, rather than just their feet, mathematically eliminating reflected via an tube-load model. In this...

Cushing's syndrome in humans shares many similarities with its counterpart dogs terms of etiology (pituitary versus adrenal causes), clinical signs, and pathophysiologic sequelae. In both species, treatment pituitary- adrenal-dependent disease is met limitations. ATR-101, a selective inhibitor ACAT1 (acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1), novel small molecule therapeutic currently development for the adrenocortical carcinoma, congenital hyperplasia, humans. Previous studies healthy...

Abstract Background Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a commonly used mineralocorticoid replacement for dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism (HA), but manufacturer‐recommended dosing protocols can be cost‐prohibitive. Recent reports also have raised concerns that label dose could excessive. Objective To investigate the relative efficacy and adverse effects of 2 DOCP dosages in glucocorticoid deficient HA. Animals Thirty‐seven dogs, including 19 test population 18 controls. Methods...

A novel technique was developed to estimate the caudal medial tibial plateau landmark in face of osteophytosis improve accuracy angle measurements. Using this technique, angles were evaluated 31 normal dogs before and 8 months after right cranial cruciate ligament transection. There no significant difference mean or induction osteophytosis. Additionally, it determined that 90% had a =2° between left angles, which considered symmetrical.

We developed a technique to continuously (i.e., automatically) monitor cardiac output (CO) and left atrial pressure (LAP) by mathematical analysis of the pulmonary artery (PAP) waveform. The is unique few previous related techniques in that it jointly estimates two hemodynamic variables analyzes PAP waveform over time scales greater than cycle wherein wave reflections inertial effects cease be major factors. First, 6-min segment analyzed so as determine pure exponential decay equilibrium...