The authors investigated the hypothesis that exposure to pesticides could be related central nervous system disorders in a prospective cohort study of 1,507 French elderly (1992–1998). Lower cognitive performance was observed subjects who had been occupationally exposed pesticides. In men, relative risks developing Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's for occupational assessed by job matrix were 5.63 (95% confidence interval: 1.47, 21.58) 2.39 1.02, 5.63), respectively, after confounding...

Aims and Methods: Long term effects of air pollution on mortality were studied in 14 284 adults who resided 24 areas from seven French cities when enrolled the PAARC survey (air chronic respiratory diseases) 1974. Daily measurements sulphur dioxide, total suspended particles, black smoke, nitrogen nitric oxide made for three years (1974–76). Cox proportional hazards models controlling individual confounders (smoking, educational level, body mass index, occupational exposure) applied, frailty...

The French National Mesothelioma Surveillance Program (NMSP) was established in 1998 by the Institute for Health (InVS). Its objectives are to estimate trends mesothelioma incidence and proportion attributable occupational asbestos exposure, help improve its pathology diagnosis, assess compensation as an disease, contribute research.The NMSP records incident pleural tumours 21 districts that cover a population of approximately 16 million people (a quarter population). A standardised...

The ability of nanoparticles to cross the lung-blood barrier suggests that they may translocate blood and targets distant from their portal entry. Nevertheless, nanotoxicity in organs has received little attention. purpose this study was evaluate renal cells using vitro models. Various carbon black (CB) (FW2–13 nm, Printex60-21 nm LB101-95 nm) titanium dioxide (TiO2-15 TiO2-50 were characterized on size by electron microscopy. We evaluated theirs effects glomerular mesangial (IP15)...

To estimate the proportion of pleural mesothelioma cases that can be attributed to asbestos exposure in France including non-occupational exposure. A population-based case-control study 437 incident and 874 controls was conducted from 1998 2002. Occupational assessed retrospectively by two expert hygienists. ORs for asbestos-exposed subjects compared non-exposed subjects, population-attributable risk (ARp) were estimated using a conditional logistic regression. clear dose-response...

Microscopic techniques for analysing asbestos fibres in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage have provided major information the understanding of asbestos-related diseases. These analyses are increasingly applied clinical work medicolegal problems. Differences sampling, preparation counting techniques, definitions reference populations expression results caused difficulties comparing from different laboratories. Therefore it appeared necessary to set a goal harmonize these between European...

A hospital-based case-control study of the association between past occupational exposure to asbestos and pleural mesothelioma was carried out in five regions France. Between 1987 1993, 405 cases 387 controls were interviewed. The job histories these subjects evaluated by a group experts for fibers according probability, intensity, frequency. cumulative index calculated as product three parameters duration exposed job, summed over entire working life. Among men, odds ratio increased with...

The aim of this study was to describe changes in employment and income following a diagnosis occupational asthma, determine what factors might affect these changes. Two hundred nine patients with asthma were reviewed on average 3.1 yrs after the had been made. They contacted by telephone or sent self-administered questionnaire post. Multiple logistic regression models constructed which variables associated loss diagnosis. At time review, 44% left their previous job 25% currently unemployed....

In Lebanon, childhood asthma is an important disease and pesticides are commonly used. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether exposure has chronic effects on the respiratory health Lebanese children. A cross­sectional performed children from a randomly selected sample public schools. Exposure evaluated by standardised questionnaire residential score, symptoms were assessed using American Thoracic Society questionnaire. reported in 407 (12.4%) out 3,291 baseline difference mean...

Objective The aim of the PHYTONER study is to investigate role pesticides on neurobehavioral performances in French vineyard workers. Methods 929 workers affiliated health insurance system for farmers Bordeaux area south-western France were enrolled 1997–1998. They contacted a first follow-up 2001–2003. Participants completed questionnaire and nine tests. classified according their life-long pesticide exposure, as directly exposed, indirectly exposed or non-exposed. Educational level, age,...

Brain tumours are often disabling and rapidly lethal; their aetiology is largely unknown. Among potential risk factors, pesticides suspected.To examine the relationship between exposure to brain in adults a population-based case-control study southwestern France.Between May 1999 April 2001, 221 incident cases of 442 individually matched controls selected from general population were enrolled. Histories occupational environmental exposures, medical lifestyle information collected. A...

The association between pleural plaques and mesothelioma remains controversial. present study was designed to examine the on computed tomography (CT) scan risk of in a follow-up asbestos-exposed workers.Retired or unemployed workers previously occupationally exposed asbestos were invited participate screening program for asbestos-related diseases, including CT scan, organized October 2003 December 2005 four regions France. Randomized, independent, double reading scans by panel seven chest...

Paediatric endocrinology and diabetes is a paediatric specialty with less common conditions higher cost medicines. Access to medicines for our in low middle income countries remains limited. We analysed the content of WHO (children adults) all available national Model Lists Essential Medicines (EMLs) Mexico, Caribbean, Central South America from standpoint. A master list deemed necessary was established compared EMLs, taking into account gross income. The which are largely recognised as an...

A case-control study was performed in southwestern France order to assess the relationship between pesticide exposure and Parkinson’s disease (PD) elderly. During period from 1997 1999, 84 cases were recruited together with 252 population-based controls. Experts occupational health reviewed job codes provided levels, making it possible calculate cumulated lifelong for individuals. Environmental considered relation place of residence. positive association found (odds ratio = 2.2, 95%...

The Phytoner study investigated a possible association between neuropsychologic performances and long-term exposure to pesticides in Bordeaux vineyard workers, most of whom use fungicides. Among the 917 subjects interviewed from February 1997 August 1998, 528 were directly exposed through mixing and/or spraying (mean duration: 22 years), 173 indirectly contact with treated plants, 216 never exposed. All performed tests administered at home by trained psychologists. risk scoring low...

Most studies on asbestos-related diseases are based chest radiographs, and dose–response relationships still controversial. The aim of this study was to describe the most relevant parameters asbestos exposure linked pleural plaques asbestosis diagnosed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). A large screening programme including systematic HRCT examinations organised from 2003 2005 in France for formerly asbestos-exposed workers. time since first (TSFE), level, duration cumulative...

The forced oscillation technique is a noninvasive and effort-independent test used to characterize the mechanical impedance of respiratory system. aim this study was assess sensitivity method in detecting early airway abnormalities caused by smoking or occupational hazards. Respiratory parameters maximal expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves were obtained group 82 workers from gas manufacturing plant. In addition, variations frequency dependence total resistance between air breathing mixture...

Objectives: Matgéné is a program to develop job-exposure matrices (JEMs) adapted the general population in France for period since 1950. The aim create retrospective exposure assessment tools estimating prevalence of occupational various agents that can then be correlated health-related parameters.

Although asbestos is a well-known lung carcinogen, the pleural plaque-lung cancer link remains controversial.This study was designed to examine this in asbestos-exposed workers.A 6-year follow-up conducted mortality 5,402 male subjects participating an asbestos-related disease screening program from October 2003 December 2005 four French regions. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan performed all with randomized, independent, double reading of CT scans focusing on benign abnormalities. Cox...

A case-control study on respiratory cancers was conducted in New Caledonia (South Pacific), where a high incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma had been observed. The disease pattern suggested an environmental exposure to asbestos. first results showed that, some areas, tremolite asbestos derived from local outcroppings used as whitewash (locally named "pö"). All cases diagnosed between 1993 and 1995 (including 15 mesotheliomas, 228 lung cancers, 23 laryngeal cancers) 305 controls were...