Composition design of high-entropy carbides is a topic great scientific interest for the hot-end parts in aerospace field. A novel theoretical method through an inverse composition routine, i.e. initially ensuring oxide scale with excellent anti-ablation stability, proposed to improve ablation resistance carbide coatings. In this work, (Hf0.36Zr0.24Ti0.1Sc0.1Y0.1La0.1)C1-δ (HEC) coatings were prepared by investigate resistance. The linear rate HEC -1.45 μm/s, only 4.78 % pristine HfC after...

In this paper, a downlink cellular traffic offloading framework with social-aware device-to-device (D2D) content sharing and proactive caching is studied. the considered system model, each user equipment (UE) intelligent to determine which content(s) request/cache share according its own preference. As central controller, base station (BS) can establish transmissions and/or incentivize D2D communications for dissemination (including caching). By taking into account wireless features, social...

In this paper, joint resource management for device-to-device (D2D) communication assisted multi-tier fog computing is studied. the considered system model, each subscribed mobile end user can choose to offload its computation task either an edge server deployed at base station via cellular connection or one nearby third-party node direct D2D connection. After receiving offloading requests from all users, network operator determines optimal of system, including both and allocations,...

The tradeoff between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral (SE) in amplify-and-forward relay networks is studied. Three kinds of transmission strategies are considered: 1) noncooperative transmission; 2) without a direct link; 3) with link. EE SE formulated as an optimization problem which the objective to maximize while satisfying requirement. In strategy, solved by seeking optimal source power P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

An energy-efficient cooperative spectrum sensing scheme with amplify-and-forward relaying is proposed in this letter. The goal to minimize the total energy consumption while satisfying performance constraint. Toward goal, a constrained optimization problem formulated terms of three parameters (number relays, relay amplifying gains, and number samples). approximate closed-form solution derived validated by simulations.

In this letter, the problem of joint spectrum sensing and data transmission in a cognitive relay network is studied. An optimal power allocation (OPA) strategy proposed to maximize secondary throughput under both performance total constraints. The OPA transformed into seeking an amplifying gain. Analytical simulation results show that there indeed exists gain achieve maximum certain conditions. Furthermore, compared with equal (EPA), by increases budget.

Earlier works studied the tradeoff between sensing performance and throughput of secondary users (SUs) for cooperative spectrum sensing. However, The energy consumption has not been well investigated in cognitive radio (CR) networks with relays. In this paper, issues on a CR network amplify-and-forward relay are studied. particular, an optimization problem is formulated to analyze consumption. objective minimize under given detection probability false alarm constraints. We do so via finding...

The ubiquitous presence of marine litter has brought huge environmental pressure. A wide range measures have been developed to address this problem. This paper focuses on the removal measure—Fishing for Litter (FEL). It aims identify potential factors affecting fishers’ participation in FFL program. two-step approach, including interviews and questionnaire surveys, was employed. total 10 fishers participated interviews, 8 were initially identified using thematic analysis utilized design. 412...

This paper investigates a buffer-aided cooperative NOMA system, where source is connected to multiple destinations through relaying. We aim maximize long-term average network utility by jointly optimizing working mode selection, admission control, and power allocation in each time slot, subject queue stability constraints both the peak at relay. To solve this problem, leveraging recently-developed Lyapunov optimization framework, we design an Online Adaptive Transmission (OAT) strategy,...

In this paper, the incentive mechanism design issue for device-to-device (D2D) content-sharing communications is discussed. literature, most of works are based on auction/game theory, where all content owners first report their ask prices/costs towards base station (BS) which finally decides only one winner from them to transmit data requester. One disadvantage these that may be frequently activated provide information (such as prices/costs), leading high energy consumption, but not win gain...

Electromagnetic stimulation has been documented to treat recalcitrant problems of musculoskeletal system. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated effect pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) with parameters modified from clinical bone growth stimulator on osteoclast formation, resorption, and cytokines associated osteoclastogenesis. Marrow cells were harvested both femora tibiae 6 week-old mice cultured in 8-well chamber slides or 16-well...

Carbonate rocks are deposited in the Ordovician, Cambrian, and Sinian of eastern Tarim Basin with a cumulative maximum thickness exceeding 2000 m. They main carriers oil gas, great deal natural gas has been found there past five years. Based on lithofacies reservoir differences, exploration domains can be classified into types: Ordovician platform limestone; dolomite; Cambrian margin mound shoal; slope gravity flow deposits, and; dolomite. characteristics all types were synthetically...

In this paper, we study dynamic load-balancing spectrum decision for a cognitive radio network (CRN) that dynamically distributes packets from the secondary user (SU) to different available primary channels. We consider two classes of services at SU, i.e., delay sensitive (DS) and best effort (BE) services, assign higher priority DS services. apply queuing model address issue in CRN. Based on model, Markov processes (MDPs) are formulated with objectives minimize average both while...

In this paper, the priority-aware interference-avoidance scheduling for multi-user coexisting wireless networks with heterogeneous traffic demands is addressed. Both admission control and throughput maximization admitted users are studied. These problems addressed by a proposed sequential solution framework where at each step large-scale linear program large number of variables required to be solved. To efficiently solve program, an accelerated column generation based method proposed....

In this paper, we propose a framework to analyze the performance of buffer-aided (BA) relaying under time-correlated fading channels in terms queueing behavior packets at relay's buffer. Unlike independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) fading, correlated brings challenges analysis since state transition probabilities buffer occupancy become time variant. To overcome issue, first establish an aggregate quasi-birth-death (QBD) Markov chain integrating both process channel process, then...

In this paper, the relay selection issue in buffer-aided networks is studied. Different from traditional networks, buffer occupancy state has great effects on system performance. Keeping buffers always close to full or empty may lead potential overflow data unavailability, which will ultimately affect throughput and transmission delay jitter. order avoid negative situation, we propose a new threshold-based strategy can achieve capacity balance between input output links of every buffer....

In this paper, priority-aware scheduling to the coexistence of multiple wireless body area networks (WBANs) is addressed. The formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem where objective maximize system throughput while guaranteeing priorities among WBANs. To overcome inherent complexity issue, new method, called recursive decomposition algorithm (RDA), proposed solve original by decomposing it into several linear subproblems. Each subproblem then solved column generation method in order...

Transmit power optimization or control plays an important role in implementing wireless relay networks since it can significantly improve system performance, such as transmission rate, consumption, etc. However, introduces considerable channel overheads due to exchanging state information (CSI) and results. In this paper, we aim design a new scheme reduce while avoiding large performance loss. We consider typical three-node amplify-and-forward network consisting of source, relay,...

After more than 10 years of exploration, development, research, and practical efforts, China has opened up new perspectives for the commercial exploitation marine shale gas. While high gas production is a main driver energy security economic development in China, there have been few attempts to systemically scientific analysis challenges, prospect, strategies, goals Here, we present detailed comparison differences between Sichuan Basin North America from multiple dimensions, explain how what...