Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptors (InsP3Rs) are channels responsible for calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We show that anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 (either wild type or selectively localized to ER) significantly inhibited InsP3-mediated and elevation of cytosolic in WEHI7.2 T cells. This inhibition was due an effect at level InsP3Rs because responses both anti-CD3 antibody a cell-permeant InsP3 ester were decreased. extent ER permeabilized cells, even...

Members of the Kv7 family (Kv7.2–Kv7.5) generate a subthreshold K + current, M− current. This regulates excitability many peripheral and central neurons. Recent evidence shows that Kv7.2 Kv7.3 subunits are targeted to axon initial segment hippocampal neurons by association with ankyrin G. Further, spontaneous mutations in these impair axonal targeting cause human neonatal epilepsy. However, precise functional significance their location is unknown. Using electrophysiological techniques...

In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding taxonomy, bloom dynamics, toxicity, autoecology, and trophic interactions, saxitoxin producing dinoflagellates in region. The Gymnodinium catenatum, Pyrodinium bahamense several species Alexandrium are producers, have been responsible paralytic shellfish poisoning different regions Latin America, causing intoxications important fisheries losses. distribution differ; most harmful algal blooms G. catenatum from northern...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between epilepsy and respiratory chain defects in children with mitochondrial encephalopathies (ME).

The marine dinoflagellate Margalefidinium polykrikoides (=Cochlodinium polykrikoides) is a harmful species that has affected aquaculture, fisheries and tourism activities. It produces reactive oxygen (ROS), as well hemolytic neurotoxic-like substances, have been associated with the mortality of organisms. tropical subtropical distribution, capacity to form cysts. economic impacts for aquaculture industries are high, mainly Asian countries. In Latin America no economical estimates this...

El género Symbiodinium es un grupo de dinoflagelados mayoritariamente endosimbiontes, comúnmente conocidos como zooxantelas, que viven asociados a invertebrados y protistas marinos. objetivo del presente estudio fue la identificación morfológica molecular 2 cepas Symbiodiniales (SNCETMAR-1 SNCETMAR-2) aisladas anémona Actinostella sp. Bahía La Paz, Golfo California. se realizó partir cultivos empleando microscopía fotónica, incluyendo epifluorescencia electrónica barrido. Se obtuvo una...

Most previous studies identifying Panopea generosa and P. globose have used non-rigorous visual methods as well older shell measurement techniques. Newer mathematical based on shape variation allow for more accurate identification of clam species, modeling phenotypic differences due to environmental effects in populations different sites. Interspecific morphology two Mexican geoduck species was analyzed from a total five sites off both coasts the Baja California peninsula. In addition,...

Two species of geoduck clams, Panopea, are known from the Pacific coast Mexico: P. generosa, also present in temperate areas along western North America, and globosa, originally considered endemic to Gulf California. Often regarded as a tropical species, their respective distributions were assumed be clearly separate. However, commercial interests recently found populations temperate-tropical transition zone, thus raising doubts regarding taxonomic identity distribution limits each species....

Abstract Gambierdiscus is a marine benthic dinoflagellate genus that currently contains 19 species; some of them are toxigenic, producing ciguatoxins, maitotoxins, and other toxic compounds. The objective this study was to document the morphological molecular identification (ITS, 5.8S 28S rDNA) two strains from La Gaviota Island, Gulf California, Mexico, toxicity test. shape 2′ plate varied between hatchet-shaped rectangular, complicated differentiation G . carpenteri toxicus Molecular...

Saxitoxin (STX) and its analogs are a broad group of natural neurotoxic alkaloids, commonly known as paralytic shellfish toxins. SxtA is the initial gene in biosynthesis saxitoxin. It has been proposed that genes for STX had bacterial origin were acquired dinoflagellates by horizontal transfer (HGT). In Gymnodinium catenatum, not well established. this paper, we sequenced sxtA (domains sxtA1 sxtA4) determined copy number genome four Mexican strains G. catenatum. We compare them with...

The geoduck Panopea globosa is found on the Pacific coast of Baja California south Bahia Magdalena Bay and throughout Gulf California, sustains a vibrant growing fishery. Despite morphometric analyses that suggest populations from are distinct those inside it unclear whether connected via larval dispersal gene flow its range. Thirteen microsatellite loci were used to estimate levels genetic diversity evaluate connectivity patterns among four exploited populations, including clams (Bahia...

Most of the shellfish fisheries Mexico occur in Gulf California. In this region, known for its high primary productivity, blooms diatoms and dinoflagellates are common, occurring mainly during upwelling events. Dinoflagellates that produce lipophilic toxins present, where some outbreaks related to okadaic acid dinophisystoxins have been recorded. From January 2015 November 2017 samples three species wild bivalve mollusks were collected monthly five sites southern region Bahía de La Paz....

Allelopathy between phytoplankton species can promote cellular stress and programmed cell death (PCD). The raphidophyte Chattonella marina var. marina, the dinoflagellates Margalefidinium polykrikoides Gymnodinium impudicum have allelopathic effects on catenatum; however, physiological mechanisms are unknown. We evaluated whether effect promotes activates PCD in G. catenatum. Cultures of catenatum were exposed to cell-free media C. M. impudicum. mortality, superoxide radical (O2●−)...

Geoducks (Panopea spp.) are recognized as one of the longest-lived and largest burrowing bivalves. Five extant species support commercial fisheries in different countries, yet their phylogenetic relationships unclear. Phylogenetic analyses using cytochrome oxidase c subunit I, 28S, 18S partial sequences on five Panopea spp. were performed to understand existing biogeography unravel taxonomic uncertainties genus. The I revealed two major clades. first clade included zelandica a sister taxon...

Allelopathy refers to biochemical interactions among competing microalgae, it involves a donor species that produces metabolites which can cause inhibitory effects on susceptible species. This phenomenon participate in the regulation of harmful algal blooms. The dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum is negatively affected by allelopathic with co-occurring microalgae species, like Chattonella marina var. , has been suggested produce reactive oxygen (ROS) and free fatty acids (FFA) as nocive...

Allelopathy between phytoplankton organisms is promoted by substances released into the marine environment that limit presence of dominating species. We evaluated allelopathic effects and response cell-free media Chattonella marina var. Gymnodinium impudicum in toxic dinoflagellate catenatum. Additionally, single- four-cell chains G. catenatum isolated from with allelochemicals were cultured to evaluate post exposure on growth cell viability. Cell diagnosis showed limitation an increase...

Abstract: The contractile effect of lead on rat aortic rings was examined. Lead (0.1–3.1 mM) elicited concentration‐dependent but endothelium‐independent contractions, which were unaffected by prazosin (1 μM). effects similar when the bathed either in absence or presence external Ca 2+ . Lanthanum not verapamil μM) inhibited contractions; hence non‐L‐calcium channels are involved such effect. In addition, induced contractions incubated ‐free EGTA‐containing solution for 70 min., an...