A5103078275- Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
- Law and Political Science
- Public Administration and Political Analysis
- Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
- Complement system in diseases
- Diverse Legal and Medical Studies
- Innovation Policy and R&D
- Copyright and Intellectual Property
- European and International Law Studies
- Medical and Health Sciences Research
- Law, AI, and Intellectual Property
- European and International Contract Law
- Corporate Governance and Law
- Digital Platforms and Economics
- Digital Rights Management and Security
- Taxation and Legal Issues
- Intellectual Property Law
- European Criminal Justice and Data Protection
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Intellectual Property and Patents
- Ombudsman and Human Rights
Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition
2015-2024
Sana Klinikum
2023-2024
Humboldt State University
2023
Columbia University
2023
Mental Health Commission
2023
Max Planck Society
1968-2021
Klinikum Görlitz
2017
Kantonsspital St. Gallen
2017
Medizinisches Laserzentrum Lübeck (Germany)
2014
Leibniz Association
2009
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is associated with defective complement regulation. Disease-associated mutations have been described in the genes encoding regulators factor H, membrane cofactor protein, B, and I. In this study, we show two independent cohorts of aHUS patients that deletion closely related genes, H-related 1 (CFHR1) 3 (CFHR3), increases risk aHUS. Amplification analysis sequencing genomic DNA three affected individuals revealed a chromosomal approximately 84 kb RCA...
Data-driven markets depend on access to data as a resource for products and services. Since the quality of information that can be drawn from increases with available amount data, businesses involved in economy have great interest accessing other market players. However, companies still appear reluctant share their data. Therefore, key question is how sharing incentivized. This article focuses platforms, which are emerging new intermediaries play vital role economy, they may increase...
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a disease that characterized by microangiopathic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. Mutations in the complement regulator factor H are associated with inherited form of disease, >60% mutations located within C terminus H. The C-terminus H, represented short consensus repeat 19 (SCR19) SCR20, harbors multiple functions; consequently, this study aimed to examine functional effects clinically reported these SCR. Mutant proteins (W1157R,...
Background. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is associated with defective complement regulation. Recently, an autoimmune aHUS form has been described that factor H (CFH) autoantibodies. The aim of this study was to address the pathologic relevance CFH autoantibodies in aHUS. Methods. were identified and antibody levels analysed three patients during disease course by ELISA method. Epitope mapping performed using recombinant fragments domain-mapped monoclonal antibodies. effect...
On 23 February 2022, the European Commission issued a Proposal for Regulation on harmonised rules fair access to and use of data (Data Act). The overarching objective is 'ensure fairness in digital environment, stimulate competitive market, open opportunities data-driven innovation make available all'. Institute hereby presents its Position Statement that features comprehensive analysis whether what extent proposed might reach envisaged objectives. It comments all parts Proposal, including...
This position statement of the Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition has been released against background European Free Flow Data Initiative Commission on-going political, economic academic debate on related issues. The takes a stance as regards introduction exclusive rights in data, special legal protection algorithms used data analysis, well questions applicability current EU framework sui-generis database trade secrets to individual data-sets. sees no justification new which...
The present Q&A paper aims at providing an overview of artificial intelligence with a special focus on machine learning as currently predominant subfield thereof. Machine learning-based applications have been discussed intensely in legal scholarship, including the field intellectual property law, while many technical aspects remain ambiguous and often cause confusion.This text was drafted by Research Group Regulation Digital Economy Max Planck Institute for Innovation Competition pursuit...
This Position Statement presents a broad overview of issues arising at the intersection AI and IP law based on work Max Planck Institute for Innovation Competition research group Regulation Digital Economy. While analysis is approached mainly from perspective de lege lata, it also identifies questions which require further reflection ferenda supported by in-depth interdisciplinary research. The scope confined to substantive European law, in particular, as regards copyright, patents, designs,...
Tetrazolium-based assays are optimized to assess proliferation/toxicity of monolayer or suspension cells in microtiter plates. With regard tissue engineering and regenerative medicine the need for vivo like 3D microtissues has an increasing relevance. Applying tetrazolium-based culture systems is technically more challenging. The composed microenvironment may influence assay standards, e.g. equal distribution tetrazolium.Evaluation membrane-impermeable tetrazolium salt-based with spheroid...
Abstract This article enquires into the current prospects for data intermediaries in context of competition and innovation policies. It asks what conditions means to fulfil these promises are. requires looking at evolving legal framework – including recently enacted Regulation (EU) 2022/686 ‘Data Governance Act’, which affects incentives market actors. In particular, this explores obstacles establishment intermediaries, their activities necessary be set, complimentary measures taken make...
This Position Statement responds to the Communication of 10 January 2017 by which European Commission launched a public consultation on future legal framework for data-driven markets that emerge in course current digitization industrial production and advent smart products sensors are embedded. In particular, comments Commission's ideas possible data producer's right as means promoting access data. While Max Plank Institute agrees there indeed instances where is need "unlock data", it...
In Article 3 of the "Proposal for a Directive on copyright in Digital Single Market COM(2016) 593 final" European Commission suggests an exception text and data mining (TDM). While, principle, clear legal framework TDM is to be welcomed, proposed provisions are criticized regarding their scope applied regulatory method. This Position Statement develops alternative proposal: Since seen as normal use works other protected subject-matter, field exemption suggested allowing everyone carry out...
Data is at the heart of ongoing digital transformation economy and society. In many different ways, access to data becoming a precondition for innovating competing effectively. Against this background, both European German legislator are striving develop legal framework that facilitates voluntary agreements on sharing mandates portability and/or where it needed protect – sometimes promote competition. The Federal Ministry Economic Affairs Climate Action (BMWK) has asked authors, whether...
BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering enables the production of three-dimensional microtissues which mimic naturally occurring conditions in special tissues. These 3D culture systems are particularly suitable for application regenerative medicine or experimental pharmacology and toxicology. Therefore, it is important to analyse cells their microenvironment with regard viability differentiation. Tetrazolium assays (WST-8 MTS) still methods choice estimating number living, metabolically active cells,...
Abstract With the drafts of Digital Markets Act (DMA), Services (DSA) and Data Governance (DGA), EU Commission presented three cornerstones its digital regulation approach in November December 2020. This article looks at data transactions focuses on four aspects which illustrate that proposed Acts leave ample room for improvement terms coherence specificity their respective rules: data-related provisions; role FRAND Package context; intermediaries; upcoming Act. Beyond diagnosis, calls an...
Abstract This article takes a critical look at merger law and practice in the EU, United States, Germany regarding data-related transactions. It focuses on current legal standard evaluates recent decision these jurisdictions. includes increasing implementation of remedies, such as data access separation commitments, which have so far not been focus scholarly attention. On this basis, discusses prospects review within framework policy reform debates. concludes with recommendations for future...