A5021880242- Climate change and permafrost
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Marine animal studies overview
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Climate variability and models
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
Natural Resources Canada
2015-2024
Geological Survey of Canada
2015-2024
University of Miami
2004-2019
National Trauma Institute
2017
Mayo Clinic
2016
Johns Hopkins University
2016
American College of Surgeons
2016
University of California, Davis
2016
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2016
Marine Ecology Research Institute
1984-2015
Permafrost warming has the potential to amplify global climate change, because when frozen sediments thaw it unlocks soil organic carbon. Yet date, no globally consistent assessment of permafrost temperature change been compiled. Here we use a data set time series from Global Terrestrial Network for evaluate across regions period since International Polar Year (2007-2009). During reference decade between 2007 and 2016, ground near depth zero annual amplitude in continuous zone increased by...
Abstract The permafrost monitoring network in the polar regions of Northern Hemisphere was enhanced during International Polar Year (IPY), and new information on thermal state collected for where there little available. This augmented is an important legacy IPY, as updated baseline current conditions against which future changes may be measured. Within region, ground temperatures are currently being measured about 575 boreholes North America, Nordic region Russia. These show that...
Abstract A snapshot of the thermal state permafrost in northern North America during International Polar Year (IPY) was developed using ground temperature data collected from 350 boreholes. More than half these were established IPY to enhance network sparsely monitored regions. The measurement sites span a diverse range ecoclimatic and geological conditions across continent are at various elevations within Cordillera. temperatures discontinuous zone generally above −3°C, down −15°C...
The abundance and chemistry of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral coiling) have long been used as tools for monitoring polar surface ocean changes correlating these to atmospheric thermohaline circulation fluctuations. However, due its remote habitat, very little is known about how modern N. (s.) respond changing environmental conditions in seas. Modern samples from Northeast Water Polynya provide a means studying affect vertical distribution this species....
Most climate records and change scenarios projected by general circulation models are for atmospheric conditions. However, permafrost distribution as well ecological biogeochemical processes at high latitudes is mainly controlled soil thermal conditions, which may be affected change. In this paper, the changes in temperature during twentieth century Canada were simulated 0.5° latitude/longitude spatial resolution using a process‐based model. The results show that mean annual differed from...
Permafrost has received much attention recently because surface temperatures are rising in most permafrost areas of the Earth, bringing to edge widespread thawing and degradation. The that already occurs at southern limits zone can generate dramatic changes ecosystems infrastructure performance. In this article, we describe an emerging system for comprehensive monitoring temperatures, a which is needed timely detection worldwide stability, predictions negative consequences rock, sediment, or...
Abstract The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), in collaboration with other government partners, has been developing and maintaining a network active‐layer permafrost thermal monitoring sites which contribute to the Canadian Permafrost Monitoring Network Global Terrestrial for Permafrost. Recent results from maintained by GSC federal agencies are presented. These indicate that response temperature recent climate change variability varies across region. Warming shallow temperatures between...
The amount of food eaten by copepods three genera (estimated from chlorophyll and pheophytin in the guts animals) was measured to determine depth also time day maximum minimum intensity feeding. Copepods were taken with a large volume (800 liters min −1 ) pumping system at five depths (0–85 m) twelve sampling intervals (every 4 h) stations Peruvian upwelling system. Results indicate that Eucalanus could withstand periods 12 h anoxic layers, but Calanus Centropages tended be found waters...
Abstract In tundra uplands east of the Mackenzie Delta, retrogressive thaw slumps up to several hectares in area typically develop around lakes. Ground temperatures increase terrain affected by slumping due high thermal conductivity exposed mineral soils and deep snow accumulation winter. Mean annual at top permafrost were degrees warmer (−0.1°C −2.2°C) than beneath adjacent undisturbed (−6.1°C −6.7°C). Simulations using a two‐dimensional model showed that disturbance caused lakes can lead...
ABSTRACT Warm permafrost conditions (mean temperatures of −3°C to −0.1°C) were investigated in detail at 13 valley and mountain sites the sporadic (10–50%) extensive (50–90%) discontinuous zones southern half Yukon (60°N 64°N), using a combination ground temperature monitoring, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), frost table probing coring. Sites selected cover wide range substrates, vegetation types ice contents. ERT profiling spring imaged both deep seasonal perennially frozen ground....
Abstract During the International Polar Year (IPY), comprehensive observational research programs were undertaken to increase our understanding of Canadian polar cryosphere response a changing climate. Cryospheric components considered snow, permafrost, sea ice, freshwater glaciers and ice shelves. Enhancement conventional observing systems retrieval algorithms for satellite measurements facilitated development snapshot current cryospheric conditions, providing baseline against which future...
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Abstract Soils are warming as air temperatures rise across the Arctic and Boreal region concurrent with expansion of tall-statured shrubs trees in tundra. Changes vegetation structure function expected to alter soil thermal regimes, thereby modifying climate feedbacks related permafrost thaw carbon cycling. However, current understanding impacts on temperature is limited local or regional scales lacks generality necessary predict stability a pan-Arctic scale. Here we synthesize shallow...
Abstract Long‐term (1991–2018) thaw tube measurements highlight widespread permafrost and ground surface (GS) subsidence over a large portion of northwest Canada. Statistically significant positive trends in penetration (TP), measured with respect to fixed datum, were observed at 18 28 sites data that span three decades median rate 0.8 cm −1 . This implies thawing about 22 the study period. Similarly GS occurred 21 sites, 0.4 In contrast TP elevation, long‐term active layer thickness (ALT)...