Control of the motion domain walls in magnetic nanowires is at heart various recently proposed three-dimensional (3D) memory devices. However, fabricating 3D nanostructures extremely complicated using standard lithography techniques. Here we show that highly pure with aspect-ratios ~100 can be grown focused electron-beam-induced-deposition. By combining micromanipulation, Kerr magnetometry and force microscopy, determine magnetisation reversal wires occurs via nucleation propagation walls....

The magnetostatic interaction between two oppositely charged transverse domain walls (TDWs) in adjacent Permalloy nanowires is experimentally demonstrated. dependence of the pinning strength on wire separation investigated for distances 13 and 125 nm. results can be described fully by considering distribution magnetic charge within rigid, isolated TDWs. Alternative DW internal structure cannot reproduce this observed dependence. Modeling suggests TDW not appreciably disturbed, remains rigid...

Domain wall (DW) pinning in ferromagnetic nanowires is general a complex process. Distortions of the DW shape make quantitative agreement between modeling and experiment difficult. Here we demonstrate using nanometer scale localized stray fields. This type interaction gives well-characterized, tailorable potential landscapes that do not appreciably distort DW. Our experimental results are excellent with an Arrhenius-Néel model depinning--a result only possible when modeled profile agrees...

The domain wall nucleation and propagation fields in cobalt nanowires grown by focused electron beam induced deposition are measured using spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. study was systematically done for wire widths from 600 to 150 nm, finding significant differences the value of both wires, indicating high quality conduit behavior. extreme simplicity flexibility this technique with respect multistep lithographic processes used nowadays opens a different route create...

We systematically study individual micro- and nanometric polycrystalline cobalt wires grown by focused-electron-beam-induced-deposition. The deposits were in a range of aspect ratios varying from 1 up to 26. minimum lateral dimension the nanowires was 150 nm, for thickness 40 nm. Atomic force microscopy images show beam-current-dependent profiles, associated with different regimes deposition. magnetization reversal is studied means spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Abrupt...

The motion of transverse domain walls (DWs) in thin Permalloy nanowires has been studied by locally detecting the chirality moving DW, using a cross-shaped trap acting as filter. We find that structural changes DW occur over characteristic minimum distance: "DW fidelity length." measured field dependence length is good qualitative agreement with 1D analytical model and published results numerical simulations experiments. also demonstrate extension to meter scales series filters.

The interaction mechanism between transverse domain walls (TDWs) in Permalloy nanowires and artificially patterned traps is studied using high-sensitivity spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements numerical simulations. T-shaped trap geometries are considered, where a DW traveling the horizontal arm pinned by vertical arm. Pinning strengths as well potential energy modifications created measured, roles of different characteristic parameters, such core orientation magnetic...

The pinning of a magnetic domain wall in curved Permalloy (NiFe) nanostrip is experimentally studied. We examine the dependence on both radius curvature bend and chirality transverse wall. find that bends act as potential wells or barriers depending wall; field cases increases with decreasing curvature. Micromagnetic simulations are consistent experimental results show exchange demagnetizing energies play an important role.

The holy grail of achieving efficient operation infrared (IR) rectennas continues to be the realization a high performance rectifier. In this paper, we have fabricated metal–insulator–metal (MIM) diodes based on TiO2, ZnO, and NiO thin films using shadow mask evaporation, photolithography, sputtering. electron affinities oxides been measured by combination variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well deduction from extraction metal/oxide barrier heights...

Pyrite $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ has outstanding potential as an earth-abundant, low-cost, nontoxic photovoltaic, but underperforms dramatically in solar cells. While the full reasons for this are not clear, one certain factor is inability to understand and control doping $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. This exemplified by widely accepted unexplained observation that unintentionally doped single crystals predominantly $n$ type, whereas thin films $p$ type. Here we provide a resolution...

We present measurements of spin pumping detected by the inverse Hall effect voltage and ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy in a series metallic ferromagnet/normal metal thin film stacks. compare heterostructures grown situ to those where either magnetic or nonmagnetic oxide is introduced between two metals. The heterostructures, nickel with platinum overlayer (Ni/Pt) nickel-iron alloy permalloy (Py) gold (Py/Au), were also characterized detail using grazing-incidence x-ray reflectivity,...

Wood fiber insulation (WFI) was studied as an eco-friendly alternative for fossil-based building insulation, focusing on its use in new wood fiber-insulated panels (WIPs). Rigid WFI boards with densities of 110, 140, and 180 kg/m³, including a 140 kg/m³ variant without paraffin wax, were evaluated. Key properties investigated included porosity, water vapor transmission, liquid adsorption, thermal conductivity. The porosity ranged between 85 92%, primarily influenced by density. Water...

Materials used as electrodes in energy storage devices have been extensively studied with solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Due to the almost ubiquitous presence of transition metals, these systems are also often magnetic. While it is well known that anisotropic bulk magnetic susceptibility (ABMS) leads broadening resonances under magic angle spinning, we show for monodisperse and nonspherical particle morphologies ABMS can lead considerable shifts, which vary substantially a function shape....

We experimentally demonstrate a shift register based on an open-ended chain of ferromagnetic NOT gates which can support bidirectional data flow. Up to eight bits are electrically input the device, stored for extended periods without power, and then output either in first out or last scheme. Comparing traditional transistor-based logic, this bidirectionality offers range devices that reversible not limited only one mode operation.

In domain wall (DW) excitation experiments, nonlinearity (NL) intrinsic to the DW dynamics is often hard distinguish from perturbation due confining potential or distortion. Here we numerically investigate dynamic oscillations of magnetostatically coupled DWs: a system well understood in quasistatic limit. NL observed, even for harmonic potential, motion. This behavior principally dependent on terms normally associated with canonical momentum and contrast restoring potential. not observable...

We propose a circuit architecture for dissipatively error-corrected GKP qubit. The device consists of high-impedance LC coupled to Josephson junction and resistor via controllable switch. When the switch is activated particular family stepwise protocols, absorbs all noise-induced entropy, resulting in dissipative error correction both phase amplitude errors. This leads an exponential increase qubit lifetime, reaching beyond 10ms simulations with near-feasible parameters. show that lifetime...

We investigate the magnetotransport properties of connected kagome artificial spin ice networks composed permalloy nanowires. Our data show clear evidence magnetic switching among wires, both in longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance. An unusual asymmetry with field sweep direction appears at temperatures below about 20 K that to be associated exchange bias resulting from surface oxidation permalloy, which disappears alumina-capped samples. These results demonstrate is a phenomenon...

In the nonlocal spin valve (NLSV) geometry, four-terminal electrical Hanle effect measurements have potential to provide a particularly simple determination of lifetime $({\ensuremath{\tau}}_{s})$ and diffusion length $({\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{\mathrm{N}})$ spins injected into nonmagnetic (N) materials. Recent papers, however, demonstrated that traditional models typically used fit such data an inaccurate measurement ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{s}$ in ferromagnet (FM)/N metal devices with low...

Low-temperature atomic layer deposition of conformal ZnO on a self-assembled block polymer lithographic template comprising well-ordered, vertically aligned cylindrical pores within poly(styrene) (PS) matrix was used to produce nanocrucible templates with pore diameters tunable via thickness. Starting from PS hexagonal array 30 nm diameter 45 pitch, the thickness progressively increased narrow as low 14 nm. Upon removal by heat treatment in air at 500 °C form an size-tunable nanocrucibles,...