A5040963206- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Color Science and Applications
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Advanced Vision and Imaging
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
- Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
New York University
2016-2025
Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
2001-2012
Max Planck Society
2001-2012
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1992-2003
Stanford University
1990-1996
University of Rochester
1994
New York University Press
1990-1993
University of Cambridge
1972-1991
Bridge University
1991
University of Washington
1987
We compared the ability of psychophysical observers and single cortical neurons to discriminate weak motion signals in a stochastic visual display. All data were obtained from rhesus monkeys trained perform direction discrimination task near threshold. The conditions for such comparison ideal that both physiological same animals, on sets trials, using In addition, was tailored each experiment properties neuron under study; display matched neuron's preference size, speed, motion. Under these...
Abstract We have previously documented the exquisite motion sensitivity of neurons in extrastriate area MT by studying relationship between their responses and direction strength visual signals delivered to receptive fields. These results suggested that might provide supporting behavioral choice discrimination tasks. To approach this question from another direction, we now studied discharge choice, independently effects stimulation. found trial-to-trial variability neuronal was correlated...
Simple cells in the primary visual cortex often appear to compute a weighted sum of light intensity distribution stimuli that fall on their receptive fields. A linear model these has advantage simplicity and captures number basic aspects cell function. It, however, fails account for important response nonlinearities, such as decrease gain latency observed at high contrasts effects masking by fail elicit responses when presented alone. To nonlinearities we have proposed normalization model,...
1. We have examined the responses of simple cells in cat's atriate cortex to visual patterns that were designed reveal extent which these may be considered sum light‐evoked influences linearly across their receptive fields. used one‐dimensional luminance‐modulated bars and grating as stimuli; orientation was always same preferred neurone under study. The stimuli presented on an oscilloscope screen by a digital computer, also accumulated neuronal controlled randomized sequence stimulus...
We have documented previously a close relationship between neuronal activity in the middle temporal visual area (MT or V5) and behavioral judgments of motion (Newsome et al., 1989; Salzman 1990; Britten 1992; 1996). now used numerical simulations to try understand how neural signals MT support psychophysical decisions. developed model that pools responses drawn from our physiological data set compares average different produce The structure allows us assess "neuronal" input simulated...
Information is integrated across the visual field to transform local features into a global percept. We now know that V1 neurons provide more spatial integration than originally thought due existence of their nonclassical inhibitory surrounds. To understand in cortex, we have studied nature and extent center surround influences on neuronal response. used drifting sinusoidal gratings circular annular apertures estimate sizes receptive field's excitatory suppressive surround. combinations...
1. We have examined the spatial and temporal tuning properties of 238 cortical neurones, recorded using conventional techniques from acutely prepared anaesthetized cats. determined frequency curves sinusoidal grating stimuli presented to each neurone's receptive field by a digital computer on cathode ray tube. 2. measured either determining response amplitude as function or frequency, measuring contrast sensitivity (the inverse that just elicited detectable response). The two measures give...
We have previously shown that some neurons in extrastriate area MT are capable of signaling the global motion complex patterns; randomly sampled from V1, on other hand, respond only to individual oriented components. Because a small fraction V1 projects MT, we wished establish processing hierarchy more precisely by studying properties those projecting identified antidromic responses electrical stimulation MT. The project were directionally selective and, like neurons, responded components...
1. All complex cells in the cat's striate cortex exhibit gross non-linearities of spatial summation when tested with sinusoidal grating stimuli. Their responses to moving gratings all but lowest frequencies are usually dominated by a component that is not modulated passage bars across receptive field. They give temporally stationary consist mostly even harmonics stimulus frequency and vary little amplitude or wave form as phase varied. 2. We compared cells' fields their sensitivity different...
Amblyopia is usually defined as a deficit in optotype (Snellen) acuity with no detectable organic cause. We asked whether this visual abnormality completely characterized by the acuity, or it has distinct forms that are determined conditions associated loss, such strabismus anisometropia. To decide issue, we measured Vernier grating contrast sensitivity, and binocular function 427 adults amblyopia risk factors for comparison group of 68 normal observers. Optotype accounts much variance...
The responsiveness of neurons in V1 is modulated by stimuli placed outside their classical receptive fields. This nonclassical surround provides input from a larger portion the visual scene than originally thought, permitting integration information at early levels processing stream. Signals have been reported variously to be suppressive and facilitatory, selective unselective. We tested specificity influences studying interactions between drifting sinusoidal gratings carefully confined...