A5045450401- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Climate change and permafrost
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Climate variability and models
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Hydrological Forecasting Using AI
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Transboundary Water Resource Management
- Water resources management and optimization
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Landslides and related hazards
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2016-2025
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2024
University of Colorado Boulder
2021-2022
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2021-2022
University of North Carolina Health Care
2018-2021
University of Colorado System
2021
University of Washington
2021
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
University of California, Los Angeles
2004-2008
Abstract High‐resolution raster hydrography maps are a fundamental data source for many geoscience applications. Here we introduce MERIT Hydro, new global flow direction map at 3‐arc sec resolution (~90 m the equator) derived from latest elevation (MERIT DEM) and water body sets (G1WBM, Global Surface Water Occurrence, OpenStreetMap). We developed algorithm to extract river networks near automatically by separating actual inland basins dummy depressions caused errors in input data. After...
Expanding the role of rivers The surfaces and streams are interfaces for a host chemical exchanges with atmosphere biosphere. For instance, carbon dioxide outgassing from is estimated to be equivalent one-fifth combined emissions fossil fuel combustion cement production. Allen Pavelsky used satellite imagery estimate surface area (see Perspective by Palmer Ruhi). stunning map that they generated results in an upward revision, about one-third, total on Earth. Science , this issue p. 585 ; see also 546
Spatiotemporally continuous global river discharge estimates across the full spectrum of stream orders are vital to a range hydrologic applications, yet they remain poorly constrained. Here we present carefully designed modeling effort (Variable Infiltration Capacity land surface model and Routing Application for Parallel computatIon Discharge routing model) estimate at very high resolutions. The precipitation forcing is from recently published 0.1° product that optimally merged gauge-,...
[1] Hydraulic and hydrologic modeling has been moving to larger spatial scales with increased resolution, such models require a global database of river widths depths facilitate accurate flow routing. geometry relationships have long history in estimating channel characteristics as function discharge. A simple near-global bankfull (along confidence intervals) was developed based on hydraulic equations the HydroSHEDS hydrography data set. The width estimates were evaluated derived from...
Remote sensing approaches to measuring inland water quality date back nearly 50 years the beginning of satellite era. Over this time span, hundreds peer-reviewed publications have demonstrated promising remote models estimate biological, chemical, and physical properties waterbodies. Until recently, most these focused largely on algorithm development as opposed implementation those algorithms address specific science questions. This slow evolution contrasts with terrestrial oceanic sensing,...
Abstract River width is a fundamental parameter of river hydrodynamic simulations, but no global‐scale database based on observed water bodies has yet been developed. Here we present new algorithm that automatically calculates from satellite‐based masks and flow direction maps. The Global Width Database for Large Rivers (GWD‐LR) developed by applying the to SRTM Water Body HydroSHEDS map. Both bank‐to‐bank effective excluding islands are calculated channels between 60S 60N. GWD‐LR compared...
Abstract The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission planned for launch in 2020 will map river elevations inundated area globally rivers >100 m wide. In advance of this launch, we here evaluated the possibility estimating discharge ungauged using synthetic, daily “remote sensing” measurements derived from hydraulic models corrupted with minimal observational errors. Five algorithms were evaluated, as well median five, 19 spanning a range geomorphic conditions. Reliance...
Abstract Using river centerlines created with Landsat images and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model, we spatially continuous maps of mean annual flow width, slope, meander wavelength, sinuosity, catchment area for all rivers wider than 90 m located between 60°N 56°S. We analyzed distributions these properties, identified their typical ranges, explored relationships planform slope. found width to be directly associated magnitude wavelength area. Moreover, that...
Abstract The upcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission, planned to launch in 2022, is the first mission focus on measuring hydrological processes Earth's surface water. As such, SWOT will vastly expand observations of global rivers ≥100 m wide. provide a variety data products, including vector river product containing water elevation (WSE), width, slope, estimated discharge. Practical application consistency products requires prior network database divided into...
Abstract The elevations of water surfaces hold important information on the earth's oceans and land surface waters. Ocean sea height is related to internal change ocean's density mass associated with ocean circulation its response climate change. flow rates rivers volume changes lakes are crucial freshwater supplies hazards floods drought resulting from extreme weather events. Surface Water Topography (SWOT) Mission a new satellite using advanced radar technology make headway in observing...
Abstract Rivers are among the most diverse, dynamic, and productive ecosystems on Earth. River flow regimes constantly changing, but characterizing understanding such changes have been challenging from a long-term global perspective. By analyzing water extent variations observed four-decade Landsat imagery, we here provide attribution of recent in river regime to morphological dynamics (e.g., channel shifting anabranching), expansion induced by new dams, hydrological signals widening...
Abstract The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will vastly expand measurements of global rivers, providing critical new data sets for both gaged ungaged basins. SWOT discharge products (available approximately 1 year after launch) provide all river that reaches wider than 100 m. In this paper, we describe how produced archived by the US French space agencies be computed from water surface elevation, width, slope ancillary data, along with expected accuracy. We present first...
Abstract Riverbank migration has historically been seen as a risk to infrastructure that can be combated through channelization, bank stabilization, and sediment trapping. The physical processes involved with riverbank erosion deposition are well defined, yet the solutions equations describe these computationally data intensive over large domains. While current understanding of large‐scale river channel mobility largely comes from reach‐ watershed‐scale observations, we need global...
Abstract Lakes are among the most prevalent and predominant water repositories on Earth's land surface. A primary objective of Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission is to monitor surface elevation, area, storage change in lakes globally. To meet this objective, prior information lakes, such as locations benchmark extents, required organize SWOT's KaRIn observations for computing lake variation over time. Here, we present SWOT Prior Lake Database (PLD) fulfill requirement....
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)–derived measurements of Lena River effective width (W e ) display a high predictive capacity (r 2 = 0.81, mean absolute error < 25%) to forecast downstream discharge conditions at Kusur station, some 8 d and ∼700 km later. Satellite‐derived flow propagation speed (88 −1 or 1.01 m s compares well with that estimated from ground data (84 0.97 ). Scaling analysis ∼300 heavily braided study reach suggests length scales > 60–90 (∼2–3...
RivWidth is an implementation in ITT Visual Information Solutions IDL of a new algorithm that automates the calculation river widths using raster-based classifications inundation extent derived from remotely sensed imagery. The utilizes techniques boundary definition to extract centerline, derives line segment orthogonal this at each centerline pixel, and then computes total width along orthogonal. output comparable quality measurements manual techniques; yet, it continuously generates...
A first analysis of new daily discharge data for 111 northern rivers from 1936–1999 and 1958–1989 finds an overall pattern increasing minimum flows (or “low flows”) throughout Russia. These increases are generally more abundant than in mean flow appear to drive much the rise observed here previous studies. Minimum decreases have also occurred but less abundant. The found summer as well winter nonpermafrost permafrost terrain. No robust spatial contrasts between European Russia, Ob', Yenisey,...
Abstract As hydraulic, hydrologic, and biogeochemical models evolve toward greater spatial resolution larger extent, robust morphometric data sets are essential to constrain their results. Here we present the Landsat‐derived North American River Width (NARWidth) set, first fine‐resolution, continental scale river centerline width database. NARWidth contains measurements of >2.4 × 10 5 km rivers wider than 30 m at mean annual discharge. We find that conventional digital elevation...
The transport of fine sediment, carried in suspension by water, is central to the hydrology, geomorphology, and ecological functioning river floodplains deltas. An extensive new field data set for Peace‐Athabasca Delta (PAD), Canada quantifies robust positive relationships between situ suspended sediment concentration (SSC) remotely sensed visible/near‐infrared reflectance. These are exploited using SPOT ASTER satellite images map concentrations across PAD four days 2006 2007, revealing...