The red edge position (REP) in the vegetation spectral reflectance is a surrogate measure of chlorophyll content, and hence can be used to monitor health function vegetation. Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard future ESA Sentinel-2 (S-2) satellite will provide opportunity for estimation REP at much higher spatial resolution (20 m) than has been previously possible with spaceborne sensors such as Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) ENVISAT. This study aims evaluate potential...

Significance Understanding relationships between poverty and environment is crucial for sustainable development ecological conservation. Annual monitoring of socioeconomic changes using household surveys prohibitively expensive. Here, we demonstrate that satellite data predicted the poorest households in a landscape Kenya with 62% accuracy. A multilevel socioecological treatment accounting complex ways which interact provided better prediction than standard single-buffer approach. The...

Spatial factors, such as environmental conditions, distance to natural resources and access services can influence the impacts of climate change on rural household livelihood activities. But neither determinants precarious livelihoods nor their spatial context has been well understood. This paper investigates drivers precariousness using a place-based approach. We identify five community types in regions Mahanadi Delta, India; exurban, agro-industrial, rainfed agriculture, irrigated...

Eradicating extreme poverty is one of the UN's primary sustainable development goals (SDG). Arable land related to eradicating (SDG1) and hunger (SDG2). However, linkage between arable use reduction ambiguous has seldom been investigated globally. Six indicators agricultural inputs, crop intensification extensification were used explore relationship poverty. Non-parametric machine learning methods analyze agriculture at global scale, including classification regression tree (CART) random...

Coastal communities are some of the most at-risk populations with respect to climate change impacts. It is therefore important determine vulnerability such co-develop viable adaptation options. Global efforts address this issue include international scientific projects, as Learning for Local Solutions (GULLS), which focuses on five fast warming regions southern hemisphere and aims provide an understanding local scale processes influencing community that can then be up-scaled regional,...

Traditional survey and census data are not sufficient for measuring poverty progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Satellite Earth Observation (EO) is a novel source that has considerable potential to augment sustainable rural development.To realise full of EO as proxy socioeconomic conditions, end-usersboth expert non-expertmust be able make right decisions about what use how it.In this review, we present an outline needs done operationalise, increase confidence...

There is increasing interest in leveraging Earth Observation (EO) and geospatial data to predict map aspects of socioeconomic conditions support survey census activities. This particularly relevant for the frequent monitoring required assess progress towards UNs' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) a region international ecological importance, containing Indian portion world's largest mangrove forest. densely populated home over 4.4 million people,...

The main determinants of agricultural employment are related to households' access private assets and the influence inherited social-economic stratification power relationships. However, despite recommendations rural studies which have shown importance multilevel approaches poverty, very few explored quantitatively effects common-pool resources household livelihood capitals on employment. Understanding both livelihoods can enrich our understanding drivers poverty in agrarian societies, is...

Abstract Knowledge of population distribution is critical for building infrastructure, distributing resources, and monitoring the progress sustainable development goals. Although censuses can provide this information, they are typically conducted every 10 years with some countries having forgone process several decades. Population change in intercensal period due to rapid migration, development, urbanisation, natural disasters, conflicts. Census-independent estimation approaches using...

Migrants are among the groups most vulnerable to infection with viruses due social and economic conditions in which they live. Therefore, spatial modeling of virus transmission migrants is important for controlling containing COVID-19 pandemic. This research focused on associations between incidence rates migrant workers. The aim was understand relationships type workplace at subnational level Oman. Using empirical Bayes smoothing as well local indicators associations, six work sectors...

Abstract This field research investigated the livelihoods of rural communities in Nawalparasi District, Nepal. An adapted form Delphi technique was used to assess community perceptions regarding factors which affected their livelihoods. The six most significant were selected by participants and ranked order importance. Research findings indicated that important across included those related water resources, education, health roads. Climate environmental change found be impacting on...

Relationships are often found between socio-economic variables and environmental factors for relatively small study regions. This research forms an exploratory data analysis using logistic regression to explore the (non-causal) relationships from a national census (female literacy involvement in economic alternatives agricultural work) metrics extracted Earth observation (EO) data. The observed supported those literature field observations. highlighted limited but potentially valuable use of...

Abstract Physical access to health facilities is an important factor in determining treatment seeking behaviour and has implications for targets within the Sustainable Development Goals, including right health. The increased availability of high-resolution land cover road data from satellite imagery offers opportunities fine-grained estimations physical which can support delivery planning through provision more realistic estimates travel times. presented here time Uganda, Zimbabwe, Tanzania,...

Thousands of people are injured every year from explosive remnants war which include unexploded ordnance (UXO) and abandoned ordnance. UXO has negative long-term impacts on livelihoods ecosystems in contaminated areas. Exact locations remaining often unknown as survey clearance activities can be dangerous, expensive time-consuming. In Vietnam, Lao PDR Cambodia, about 20% the land remains by Vietnam War. Recently declassified historical KH-9 satellite imagery, taken during immediately after...

Thousands of people are injured every year from explosive remnants war which include unexploded ordnance (UXO) and abandoned ordnance. UXO has negative long-term impacts on livelihoods ecosystems in contaminated areas. Exact locations remaining often unknown as survey clearance activities can be dangerous, expensive time-consuming. In Vietnam, Lao PDR Cambodia, about 20% the land remains by Vietnam War. Recently declassified historical KH-9 satellite imagery, taken during immediately after...

Climate and environmental changes, as well conflict events violence, can have compounding impacts on livelihoods the safety security of population groups, particularly when multiple are interrelated, coincide or occur in succession. How people impacted depends where they located, how vulnerable are, magnitude hazard. Although a significant amount geospatial data is freely available, there has been lack user-friendly tools allowing for integrated data-driven assessments these complex...