A5083869226- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Plant responses to water stress
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Light effects on plants
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
2019-2024
International Rice Research Institute
2022-2023
International Center for Tropical Agriculture
2021
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
2019-2020
Institute of Molecular Medicine
2020
Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences
2019
Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology
2014-2017
Max Planck Society
2015
Abstract Bacterial blight of rice is an important disease in Asia and Africa. The pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. ( Xoo ), secretes one or more six known transcription-activator-like effectors (TALes) that bind specific promoter sequences induce, at minimum, the three host sucrose transporter genes SWEET11 , SWEET13 SWEET14 expression which required for susceptibility. We used CRISPR–Cas9-mediated genome editing to introduce mutations all SWEET gene promoters. Editing was further informed...
Significance Plant roots associate with the diverse microbial community in soil and can establish mutualistic relationships microbes. The genetic characterization of plant microbiome (total microbiota plants) has intensified, but we still lack experimental proof ecological function root microbiome. Without such an understanding, use communities sustainable agricultural practices will be poorly informed. Through continuous cropping a seed-sterilized native plant, inadvertently recapitulated...
Abstract Blight-resistant rice lines are the most effective solution for bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. ( Xoo ). Key resistance mechanisms involve SWEET genes as susceptibility factors. Bacterial transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors bind to effector-binding elements (EBEs) in gene promoters and induce genes. EBE variants that cannot be recognized TAL abrogate induction, causing resistance. Here we describe a diagnostic kit enable analysis of blight field...
O-Acyl sugars (O-AS) are abundant trichome-specific metabolites that function as indirect defenses against herbivores of the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata; whether they also generalized direct and pathogens remains unknown. We characterized natural variation in O-AS among 26 accessions examined their influence on two native fungal pathogens, Fusarium brachygibbosum U4 Alternaria sp. U10, specialist herbivore Manduca sexta At least 15 different structures belonging to three classes were...
SWEETs play important roles in intercellular sugar transport. Induction of SWEET transporters by Transcription Activator-Like effectors (TALe) Xanthomonas ssp. is key for virulence rice, cassava and cotton. We identified OsSWEET11b with male fertility potential bacterial blight (BB) susceptibility rice. While single ossweet11a or 11b mutants were fertile, double sterile. As clade III can transport gibberellin (GA), a hormone spikelet fertility, sterility BB might be explained GA...
Bacterial leaf blight (BB) of rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (Xoo), threatens global food security and the livelihood small-scale rice producers. Analyses Xoo collections from Asia, Africa Americas demonstrated complete continental segregation, despite robust trade. Here, we report unprecedented BB outbreaks in Tanzania. The causative strains, unlike endemic African Xoo, carry Asian-type TAL effectors targeting sucrose transporter SWEET11a iTALes suppressing Xa1. Phylogenomics...
Summary Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) causes one of the most devastating rice diseases in Africa. Management RYMV is challenging. Genetic resistance provides effective and environment‐friendly control. The recessive locus rymv2 ( OsCPR5.1 ) had been identified African Oryza glaberrima ), however, introgression into sativa ssp. japonica indica remains challenging due to crossing barriers. Here, we evaluated whether CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing two nucleoporin paralogs RYMV2 OsCPR5.2 can be...
The wild tobacco species Nicotiana attenuata has been intensively used as a model plant to study its interaction with insect herbivores and pollinators in nature, however very little is known about native pathogen community. We describe fungal disease outbreak N. population comprising 873 plants growing an area of 1500 m2. was divided into 14 subpopulations symptom development the monitored for 16 days, revealing waxing waning visible symptoms some diseased recovering fully. Native pathogens...
Plants recruit microbial communities from the soil in which they germinate. Our understanding of recruitment process and factors affecting it is still limited for most taxa. We analysed several potentially root microbiome structure - importance geographic location natural populations, native seeds as putative source colonization effect a plant's response to UVB exposure on highly abundant species. The Nicotiana attenuata was determined by culture-dependent culture-independent approach, N....
Human diets and their associated environmental impacts differ across segments of the population. There is evidence that consumer choices food intake can also affect overall a system. This paper analyzes impact rural–urban transect in Northern Vietnam by using mixed survey data from 619 adult respondents. The average greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) resulting producing daily adults urban peri-urban districts were similar, while rural district was lower. Although starchy staples contributed...
Summary Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) causes one of the most devastating rice diseases in Africa. Management RYMV is challenging. Genetic resistance provides effective and environment-friendly control. The recessive locus rymv2 ( OsCPR5 . 1 ) had been identified African O. glaberrima ), however, introgression into sativa ssp. japonica indica remains challenging due to crossing barriers. Here, we evaluated whether CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing two nucleoporin paralogs RYMV2 2 can be used...
Abstract We recently characterized a highly dynamic fungal disease outbreak in native populations of N icotiana attenuata the southwestern U nited S tates. Here, we explore how phytohormone signalling contributes to observed dynamics. Single inoculation with three F usarium and A lternaria pathogens, isolated from diseased plants growing populations, resulted symptoms characteristic for each pathogen species. While sp.‐infected displayed fewer recovered, spp.‐infected became chlorotic...
Genetic transformation is crucial for both investigating gene functions and engineering of crops to introduce new traits. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) an important model in plant research, since it the staple food more than half world's population. As a result, numerous methods have been developed indica japonica rice. Since breeders continuously develop rice varieties, protocols be adapted each variety. Here we provide optimized protocol with detailed tips tricks African variety Komboka using...
Abstract Genome editing by TALENs and CRISPR/Cas has become routine tools. During stable plant transformation, genes coding for enzymes, e.g., Cas9, guide RNAs (gRNA), selectable markers are integrated into the nuclear genome. Identification of successful transformants relies on or screenable markers, typically providing resistance to herbicides antibiotics. Selectable use a substantial portion T-DNA, hence reducing transfer efficiency limiting effective number guide/pegRNAs that can be...
Summary SWEETs play important roles in intercellular sugar transport. Induction of SWEET transporters by transcription activator-like effectors (TALe) Xanthomonas ssp. is a key factor for bacterial leaf blight (BLB) infection rice, cassava and cotton. Here, we identified the so far unknown OsSWEET11b with male fertility BLB susceptibility rice. While single ossweet11a or b mutants were fertile, double sterile. Since clade III can transport gibberellin (GA), hormone rice spikelet fertility,...
Abstract Rice is the most important staple crop in developing world and its productivity critical for food security, development, poverty elimination. Worldwide, approximately 900 million people from low-income households depend on rice. Ninety percent of global rice produced Asia, mainly by small-scale producers who farm 0.4 ha or less. Productivity increasingly threatened biotic stresses viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, insects, arachnids. Nowadays, genome editing provides unique...
Abstract Genome editing by TALENs, CRISPR/Cas, base or prime have become routine tools. During stable plant transformation, the gene coding for enzyme, e.g., Cas9, guide RNAs (gRNAs), alongside a selectable marker are integrated into nuclear genome. Identification of successful transformants relies on screenable markers, typically genes providing resistance to antibiotics herbicides. Selectable markers use substantial portion T-DNA, hence reducing transfer efficiency limiting effective...
Abstract Bacterial leaf blight (BB) of rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. ( Xoo ), threatens global food security and the livelihood small-scale rice producers. Analyses collections from Asia, Africa Americas demonstrated surprising continental segregation, despite robust trade. Here, we report unprecedented BB outbreaks in Tanzania. The causative strains, unlike endemic , carry Asian-type TAL effectors targeting sucrose transporter SWEET11a suppressing Xa1 . Phylogenomics clustered...