Microplastics (<5 mm) have been documented in environmental samples on a global scale. While these pollutants may enter aquatic environments via wastewater treatment facilities, the abundance of microplastics matrices has not investigated. Although efficient methods for analysis sediment and marine organisms published, no developed detecting within organic-rich samples. In addition, there is standardized method analyzing isolated from many cases, part identification protocol relies visual...

Synthetic microplastics (≤5-mm fragments) are emerging environmental contaminants that have been found to accumulate within coastal marine sediments worldwide. The ecological impacts and fate of microplastic debris only beginning be revealed, with previous research into these topics having primarily focused on higher organisms and/or pelagic environments. Despite recent plastic-associated microorganisms in seawater, the microbial colonization benthic habitats has not studied. Therefore, we...

Fenton's reagent is a very useful preparation method for the efficient and bias-free analysis of microplastics. The catalytic reaction did not affect microplastics chemistry or size, offering simple, high-speed low-cost processing present in wastewater other complex media.

Abstract Synthetic thermoplastics constitute the majority by percentage of anthropogenic debris entering Earth’s oceans. Microplastics (≤5-mm fragments) are rapidly emerging pollutants in marine ecosystems that may transport potentially toxic chemicals into macrobial food webs. This commentary evaluates our knowledge concerning interactions between organisms and microplastics identifies lack microbial research microplastic contamination as a significant gap. Microorganisms (bacteria,...

Summary Although protists occupy a vast range of habitats and are known to interact with plants among other things via disease suppression, competition or growth stimulation, their contributions the ‘phytobiome’ not well described. To contribute more comprehensive picture plant holobiont, we examined cercozoan oomycete taxa living in association model Arabidopsis thaliana grown two different soils. Soil, roots, leaves wooden toothpicks were analysed before after surface sterilization....

Bacterioplankton dynamics at Helgoland Roads (54 degrees 11.3'N, 7 54.0'E) in the North Sea over winter-spring transition were investigated. The bacterial community was analyzed and correlated with phytoplankton data abiotic parameters. structure by ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA genes followed DNA sequence analysis. linkage biotic environmental factors as well phylotypes (sequenced DGGE bands) ordination technique...

Objectives The marine benthic nitrogen cycle is affected by both the presence and activity of macrofauna diversity N-cycling microbes. However, integrated research simultaneously investigating macrofauna, microbes lacking. We investigated spatio-temporal patterns in microbial community composition diversity, macrofaunal abundance their sediment reworking activity, seven subtidal stations Southern North Sea. Spatio-Temporal Patterns Microbial Communities Our results indicated that bacteria...

Currently, little is known about the impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on ecologically important microorganisms such as ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). We performed a multi-analytical approach to demonstrate effects uncapped nanosilver (uAgNP), capped (cAgNP) and Ag2SO4 activities AOB: Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrosospira multiformis Nitrosococcus oceani, growth Escherichia coli Bacillus subtilis model bacterial systems in relation AgNP type concentration. All Ag treatments caused...

While the presence of microplastics has been reported in aquatic habitats across globe, pathways through which they enter environment are still poorly understood. Studies investigating fate wastewater gaining attention but scarce, despite urgent need to understand role treatment plants (WWTP) as point sources microplastic pollution. A likely reason for limited number WWTP-associated studies is that working with a biogenic organic matter (BOM)-rich sample matrix like challenging. Here, we...

The advent of next-generation sequencing has allowed huge amounts DNA sequence data to be produced, advancing the capabilities microbial ecosystem studies. current challenge is identify from which microorganisms and genes originated. Several tools databases are available for annotating sequences. tools, parameters used can have a significant impact on results: naïve choice these factors result in false representation community composition function. We use simulated metagenome show how...

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) enter estuaries via wastewater treatment effluents, where they can inhibit microorganisms, because of their antimicrobial properties. Ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) are involved in the first step nitrification important to ecosystem function, especially effluent discharge results high nitrogen inputs. Here, we investigated effect a pulse addition AgNPs on AOB AOA ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene abundances benthic potential rates (NPR)...

For many organisms, there is agreement on the specific genomic region used for developing barcode markers. With nematodes, however, it has been found that COI designated most animals lacks taxonomic coverage (ability to amplify a diverse group of taxa) required metabarcoding marker. reason, studies nematodes thus far have utilized primarily regions within highly conserved 18S ribosomal DNA. Two popular markers this are ones flanked by primer pairs NF1-18Sr2b and SSUF04-SSUR22. The pair,...

Fundamental differences in the nature of diatom assemblage composition data generated using light microscopy and molecular barcoding create problems when applying current paradigms metrics developed for ecological assessment. We therefore describe development a new metric designed specifically rbcL barcode gathered high throughput sequencing (HTS). Although structure datasets collected HTS is similar to that (LM), proportions key species between two methods mean use LM on gives biased...

Accelerated degradation is the increased breakdown of a pesticide upon its repeated application, which has consequences for environmental fate pesticides. The herbicide atrazine was repeatedly applied to soils previously untreated with s-triazines >5 years. A single application atrazine, at an agriculturally relevant concentration, sufficient induce rapid dissipation. Soils, range physico-chemical properties and agricultural histories, showed similar kinetics, half-life decreasing from...

The composition of bacterial communities associated with four diatom species was monitored during isolation and cultivation algal cells. Strong shifts in the communities, linked an increase numbers phylotypes belonging to members Gammaproteobacteria, were observed cultivation.

Outbreaks of acute oak decline (AOD) have been documented in England from 2006. Both species native oaks (Quercus robur and Quercus petraea) are affected. To complement isolation efforts for identification putative causative biotic agents increase our understanding bacteria associated with tissue, five sites were chosen this study. Samples outer bark, inner sapwood heartwood taken healthy trees symptoms at varying stages the syndrome. Furthermore, larval galleries attributed to infestation...

Abstract Growth depression of Rosa plants at sites previously used to cultivate the same or closely related species is a typical symptom rose replant disease (RRD). Currently, limited information available on causes and etiology RRD compared apple (ARD). Thus, this study aimed analyzing growth characteristics, root morphology, metabolites, as well microbial communities in rhizosphere susceptible rootstock corymbifera ‘Laxa’ grown RRD-affected soil from two (Heidgraben Sangerhausen), either...

The phylum Oomycota comprises important tree pathogens like Phytophthora quercina, involved in central European oak decline, and cinnamomi shown to affect holm oaks among many other hosts. Despite the importance study distribution, dispersal niche partitioning of this phylum, metabarcoding surveys, studies considering environmental factors that could explain oomycete community patterns are still rare. We investigated oomycetes rhizosphere evergreen a Spanish woodland using based on Illumina...

Common bacterial blight is a devastating seed-borne disease of common beans that also occurs on other legume species including lablab and Lima beans. We sequenced analysed the genomes 26 isolates Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli X. fuscans subsp. fuscans, causative agents this disease, collected over four decades six continents. This revealed considerable genetic variation within both taxa, encompassing single-nucleotide variants differences in gene content, could be exploited for...

Knowledge on the spatial distribution of prokaryotic taxa is an essential basis to understand microbial diversity and factors shaping its patterns. Large-scale patterns faunal are thought be influenced by physical environmental factors, whereas smaller scale heterogeneity maintained species-specific life-history characteristics, quantity quality food sources local disturbances including both natural man-induced events. However, it still not clear which parameters control community structure...