An organism's ability to detect and discriminate sensory inputs depends on the recent stimulus history. For example, perceptual detection thresholds for a brief tone can be elevated by as much 50 dB when following masking stimulus. Previous work suggests that such forward is not direct result of peripheral neural adaptation; central pathway apparently modifies representation in way further attenuates input's response short probe signals. Here, we show this transformation complete level...

This study reconsiders the number of effective channels in contemporary cochlear implants. Subjects listened to matrix sentences with a competing talker using their clinical map (up 22 electrodes) and reduced-channel maps 12, 8, 4 electrodes. Spectro-temporal modulation thresholds reading span were measured explore intersubject variability. Results show that speech understanding significantly improved increasing active electrodes up 22, particularly for subjects better spectro-temporal...

Rubinstein et al. [Hear. Res. 127, 108–118 (1999)] suggested that the neural representation of waveforms electric stimuli might be improved by introducing an ongoing, high-rate, desynchronizing pulse train (DPT). A DPT may desynchronize responses to stimulation in a manner similar spontaneous activity healthy ear. To test this hypothesis, auditory-nerve fibers (ANFs) 10-min-long trains (5 kpps) were recorded from acutely deafened, anesthetized cats. Stimuli delivered via intracochlear...

Bilateral cochlear implantation attempts to increase performance over a monaural prosthesis by harnessing the binaural processing of auditory system. Although many bilaterally implanted human subjects discriminate interaural time differences (ITDs), major cue for sound localization and signal detection in noise, their is typically poorer than that normal-hearing listeners. We developed an animal model bilateral study neural ITD sensitivity trains electric current pulses delivered via...

Cochlear implants are highly successful neural prostheses that restore hearing in the deaf, often resulting high levels of speech understanding quiet listening conditions. In more challenging conditions, however, cochlear implant subjects score much lower than their normal-hearing peers, possibly reflecting limits electrode-neural interface. this study, we compare monopolar stimulation versus focused stimulation, using multipolar channels, to test if current focusing can increase spectral...

LSD is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. This the first study to follow developmental structure function following exposure periadolescence. We hypothesized given during time of heightened neuroplasticity, particularly forebrain, would affect cognitive emotional behavior associated underlying neuroanatomy neurocircuitry. Female male mice were vehicle, single or multiple treatments 3.3 µg by oral...

Bilateral cochlear implantation seeks to improve hearing by taking advantage of the binaural processing central auditory system. Cochlear implants typically encode sound in each spectral channel amplitude modulating (AM) a fixed-rate pulse train, thus interaural time differences (ITD) are only delivered envelope. We investigated ITD sensitivity inferior colliculus (IC) neurons with sinusoidally AM trains. was introduced independently and/or carrier pulses measure relative efficacy envelope...

While bilateral cochlear implant (BiCI) recipients generally receive significant benefits from the addition of a second ear, evidence suggests that much benefit is attributed to monaural effects or availability interaural level differences. The are less than those in normal-hearing listeners, however, part because sound localization and speech unmasking measured may show greater if time difference (ITD) cues were also available. To date, there paucity ITDs can be captured saliently delivered...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychophysical spectral resolution and sentence reception in various types interfering backgrounds for listeners with cochlear implants normal-hearing subjects listening vocoded speech. Spectral measured a modulation detection (SMD) task. For speech testing, maskers included stationary speech-shaped noise (SSN), four-talker babble, multitone noise, competing talker. To explore possible trade-offs susceptibility different...

<title>Abstract</title> <italic>Background</italic>: LSD is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. This the first study to follow developmental structure function following exposure periadolescence. <italic>Methods:</italic> Female male mice were given vehicle, single or multiple treatments of 3.3 µg by oral gavage starting on postnatal day 51. Between days 90-120 imaged tested for cognitive motor...

When listening through clinical processors, sound localization in bilateral cochlear implant (BiCI) users is highly variable, and some patients perform rather poorly. While this often ascribed to lack of access temporal fine-structure interaural timing differences (ITDs), the potential role envelope ITDs disregarded. Furthermore, sensitivity alone has not been closely examined with commonly used Advanced Combinational Encoder (ACE) strategy. In theory, could be encoded ACE BiCI may sensitive...

Release from masking is commonly observed in normal-hearing listeners when fluctuating interferers mask speech perception less than steady at the same signal-to-noise ratio. In contrast, studies of cochlear-implant have historically failed to find release with maskers. Here, we provide new insights into relationship between spectro-temporal resolution and simulated listeners. Varying degrees current spread were using a tone vocoder. Speech reception thresholds measured four different...

Laboratory tests of speech understanding demonstrate high effectiveness cochlear implants (CIs) for individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss. However, real-world benefits remains challenging. Retrospective questionnaires may be unreliable due to recall bias and limited acoustic information. To address this, we used an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) smartphone app collect subjective feedback data from CI recipients in lab settings. We characterised challenging environments...

Comparing outcomes between patients with bilateral hearing aids (HAs), cochlear implants (CIs), and bimodal fittings (CI + HA) are difficult because of the variations in performance different devices patient groups. This may impact counselling, device selection, for listeners more severe loss. study seeks to identify factors impacting listening abilities adults fitted HAs, CIs, noisy environments by comparing from commonly used clinical tests a new task that emphasises realistic background...

Fundamental frequency (F0) cues to voice/musical pitch can be coded by pulse-rate or amplitude modulation (AM) rate of electrical pulse-trains in cochlear implant (CI) systems. However, for most clinical strategies (e.g., ACE), temporal F0 are often poorly coded, particularly female and children's voices and/or background noise. Strategies such as Optimized Pitch And Language (OPAL) Asynchronous Stimulus Timing (FAST) enhance cues. For OPAL, is estimated used control the AM channel...

Noisy conditions make understanding speech with a cochlear implant (CI) difficult. Speech enhancement (SE) algorithms based on signal statistics can be beneficial in stationary noise, but rarely provide benefit modulated multi-talker babble. Current approaches using deep neural networks (DNNs) rely data driven approach for training and promise improvements wide variety of noisy conditions. In this study DNN-based SE algorithm was evaluated CI listeners. The network trained large database...