Imaging with microwave tomography systems requires both the incident field within imaging domain as well calibration factors that convert collected data to corresponding in numerical model used for inversion. The makes various simplifying assumptions, e.g., 2-D versus 3-D wave propagation, which coefficients are meant take into account. For an air-based system, we study two types of techniques-incident and scattered calibration-combined different models: a line-source from full-wave...

This paper describes a prototype and analytical studies of spherical rolling robot, new design an omnidirectional robot system. The can arbitrarily begin to move in any direction the target, autonomously roll reach desired position. Our considers with internal mechanism for propulsion. propulsion distributes weights radially along spokes fixed inside sphere enables accelerate, decelerate, constant velocity. A mathematical model robot's dynamic motion is instructed. An algorithmic planning...

Structural information derived via ultrasound is utilized as prior for quantitative microwave imaging. The structural extracted from ray-based reconstructions using a K-means clustering algorithm and consists of three tissue regions (skin, adipose, fibroglandular). Tissue-specific complex permittivity values are assigned to each region (i.e., the homogeneous over region). then incorporated an inhomogeneous numerical background in imaging (contrast source inversion). This new approach...

A deep learning approach is proposed for performing tissue-type classification of tomographic microwave and ultrasound property images the breast. The based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) utilizing U-net architecture that also quantifies uncertainty in each pixel. Quantitative reconstructions dielectric properties (complex-valued permittivity), ultrasonic (compressibility attenuation), as well their combination, with corresponding actual constitute training set. CNN learns to map...

Microwave breast imaging has recently been explored for tumor detection, treatment monitoring, and estimating density. Only one prior work presented quantitative three-dimensional (3D) based on a full-wave inverse scattering approach applied to experimental data collected from human subjects; most other works rely 2D images or qualitative reconstructions. This paper introduces fast efficient 3D reconstruction microwave without the need information iterative algorithms typically used in...

Microwave imaging has been proposed for breast cancer detection and treatment monitoring. Prototype systems based on tomography radar-based techniques have tested human subjects with promising results. Previously, we developed a system that estimated average permittivity in regions of the using signals transmitted through tissues. Encouraging results volunteers patients motivated development capable creating more detailed images entire breast. In this paper, aim to assess performance next...

A fast and efficient forward scattering solver is developed for use in ultrasound tomography. The formulated so as to enable the calculation of from large relatively high-contrast objects with inhomogeneous physical properties that vary simultaneously acoustic attenuation, compressibility, density. It based on method moments conjunction a novel implementation conjugate gradient algorithm which requires adjoints operators. takes advantage symmetric block Toeplitz matrix blocks property...

In this work, we develop a method of extracting structural information the breast from ultrasound signals and integrating into microwave radar based image reconstructions. The synergistic combination these modalities exploits dielectric contrast between tissues at frequencies short wavelengths to enhance imaging resolution target localization accuracy. A key feature approach is its ability detect fine details both exterior interior, which may provide insight distribution can be used as...

Combined ultrasound-microwave breast imaging requires a mechanism to guide one modality using the other. To this end, convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for mapping of ultrasound property images dielectric combined applications. In approach, higher resolution are obtained by inverting scattered pressure data linearized inverse scattering algorithm. The reconstructed Born-based compressibility then used predict same phantoms. These predicted can be microwave reconstruction achieve...

The concept of creating a composite tissue-type-image (cTTI) along with an associated probability image is introduced for ultrasound and microwave tomography. cTTI integrates information available within different quantitative property images, the provides indication level confidence regarding reconstructed tissue types. It shown that can be applied to tomography as well their combination. Thus, generalizable amalgamation derived from wide variety modalities goal increasing in cTTI....

A balanced inverse scattering algorithm for ultrasonic breast imaging is developed to simultaneously reconstruct quantitative images of the breast's properties. These properties are inhomogeneous compressibility, attenuation, and density. Three scenarios considered this inversion algorithm. First, all assumed be independent. The assumption a linear relation between contrast compressibility density then in second scenario, whereas variation neglected third scenario. image corresponding...

Evaluating the quality of reconstructed images requires consistent approaches to extracting information and applying metrics. Partitioning medical into tissue types permits quantitative assessment regions that contain a specific tissue. The facilitates evaluation an imaging algorithm in terms its ability reconstruct properties various identify anomalies. Microwave tomography is modality model-based reconstructs approximation actual internal spatial distribution dielectric breast over...

Abstract Background: Microwave imaging has been proposed as an alternative method of breast that is low-cost and comfortable for women it avoids excessive compression. properties tissues relate to water content behavior (Gabriel et al, 1996); specifically, fatty have lower glandular greater (Lazebnik 2007). These differences in microwave signatures provide the opportunity map composition create a density score without mammogram. This may find utility risk stratification or monitoring...

The recently proposed concept of composite tissue-type image (cTTI), which provides an easy-to-interpret constructed from quantitative ultrasonic and electromagnetic properties, is experimentally investigated. experimental data set used for the ultrasound investigation obtained multimodal breast imaging system. utilized microwave provided by inhouse system at University Manitoba. To this end, a tissue mimicking phantom human forearm are imaging. In addition, cTTI algorithm modified to take...

Scattering probes with collector antennas can be utilized for microwave tomography (MWT) applications based on the modulated scatterer technique. Using this technique, we previously demonstrated a novel system that utilizes single printed-wire probe in front of each multicollector MWT system. Each is implemented as multilayer Vivaldi antenna. In letter, number reduced while maintaining probes. This results nonuniform distribution respect to collectors and requires special calibration...

This paper focuses on the use of electromagnetic inverse scattering and source algorithms, collectively referred to as inversion for three application areas: microwave biomedical imaging, near-field antenna measurements characterization, sea ice remote sensing. We discuss benefits using framework, e.g., its quantitative accuracy resolution well systematic treatment available data, also consider challenges associated with this appropriate numerical modelling algorithms.

A new technique for incorporating ultrasound imaging results as prior information into a microwave algorithm is described. The final result quantitative image of the real and imaginary parts complex permittivity 2D cross-section breast. MRI-derived numerical breast phantoms are utilized to test technique. Wideband scattered-field data synthetically generated from in frequency domain. This used segment three regions: skin, fat, fibroglandular. Estimated values each these tissues applied...

Microwave imaging has the potential to augment conventional breast modalities by providing a point-of-care solution for frequent scanning during cancer treatment. A new ultrawideband, transmission-based microwave system been developed with larger area and more densely packed sensors than previous iterations. Preliminary results from pilot study of healthy volunteers are presented. qualitative exploration permittivity in reconstructed images shows that produces reproducible images.

We describe a 2D wide-band multi-frequency microwave imaging system intended for biomedical imaging. The is capable of collecting data from 2-10 GHz, with 24 antenna elements connected to vector network analyzer via 2 times port matrix switch. Through the use two different nonlinear reconstruction schemes: Multiplicative-Regularized Contrast Source Inversion method and an enhanced version Distorted Born Iterative Method, we show preliminary results dielectric phantoms where were collected...

In this paper we show results of applying the composite tissue-type imaging method to reconstructions ultrasound-guided microwave inversions. Structural prior information about object-of-interest undergoing quantitative is provided inversion algorithm via an ultrasound ray-based technique that utilizes a qualitative delay-and-sum followed by K-means segmentation. The resulting segmented image utilized as inhomogeneous numerical background for finite-element Contrast Source Inversion...

Interpreting reconstructed medical images and assessing their quality is a challenging problem that demands consistent framework for extracting quantitative information from the images. The challenges are more pronounced microwave images, as reconstructions formed with this modality typically have spurious artifacts interfaces delineate tissue types may be blurred or in an incorrect location. Moreover, significant degree of inhomogeneity within one type common, well substantial differences...