5G is the next cellular generation and expected to quench growing thirst for taxing data rates enable Internet of Things. Focused research standardization work have been addressing corresponding challenges from radio perspective while employing advanced features, such as network densification, massive multiple-input-multiple-output antennae, coordinated multi-point processing, inter-cell interference mitigation techniques, carrier aggregation, new spectrum exploration. Nevertheless, a...

Cell planning (CP) is the most important phase in life cycle of a cellular system as it determines operational expenditure, capital well long-term performance system. Therefore, not surprising that CP problems have been studied extensively for past three decades all four generations systems. However, fact small cells, major component future networks, are anticipated to be deployed an impromptu fashion makes networks vis-a-vis 5G conundrum. Furthermore, emerging systems incorporate variety...

Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) is a key feature for mitigating inter-cell interference, improve system throughput, and cell edge performance. However, CoMP implementation requires complex beamforming/scheduling design, increased backhaul bandwidth, additional pilot overhead, precise synchronization. Cooperation needs to be limited few cells only due this imposed overhead complexity. Hence, small clusters will need formed in the network. In paper, we first present self-organizing,...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionising how energy delivered from producers and used throughout residential households. Optimising the consumption a crucial step toward having greener sustainable production. Such optimisation requires household-centric management system as opposed to one-rule-fits all approach. In this paper, we propose data-driven multi-layer digital twin that aims mirror households’ actual in form household (HDT). When linked production (EDT), HDT empowers model...

The hype of the Internet Things as an enabler for intelligent applications and related promise ushering accessibility, efficiency, quality service is met with hindering security data privacy concerns. It follows that such IoT systems, which are empowered by artificial intelligence, need to be investigated cognisance threats mitigation schemes tailored their specific constraints requirements. In this work, we present a comprehensive review in emerging countermeasures particular focus on...

Wireless technology is the strongest contender for catering 5G backhaul (BH) stipulated performance, where optical fiber unavailable. In presence of ultra-dense networks, such occurrences are exponentially increasing, and different wireless technologies investigated this application. We present first BH-specific link performance modeling that considers its inherent line-of-sight nature, together with an appropriate representation network topology using stochastic geometry. To end, novel...

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is revolutionising the world manufacturing into what known as Smart Manufacturing or Industry 4.0. main pillar in smart looks at harnessing IoT data and leveraging machine learning (ML) to automate prediction faults, thus cutting maintenance time cost improving product quality. However, faults real industries are overwhelmingly outweighed by instances good performance (faultless samples); this bias reflected captured devices. Imbalanced limits success ML...

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) are pivotal in the development of sustainable and green urban living. ITS is data-driven enabled by profusion sensors ranging from pneumatic tubes to smart cameras which used detect categorise passing vehicles. Simple sensors, such as tubes, successfully deployed for counting vehicles but not useful vehicle tracking or re-identification. Smart cameras, on other hand, collect comprehensive information suffer occlusion, patchy coverage, compromised vision...

LTE is the fastest growing cellular technology and expected to increase its footprint in coming years, as well progress toward LTE-A. The race among operators deliver quality of experience their users tight demands sophisticated skills network planning. Radio dimensioning (RND) an essential step process planning has been used a fast, but indicative, approximation radio site count. RND prerequisite lengthy thorough Moreover, results from are by players industry estimate preplanning costs...

5G definition and standardization projects are well underway, governing characteristics major challenges have been identified. A critical network element impacting the potential performance of networks is backhaul, which expected to expand in length breadth cater exponential growth small cells while offering high throughput order gigabit per second less than 1 ms latency with resilience energy efficiency. Such may only be possible direct optical fiber connections that often not available...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is spreading much faster than the speed at which supporting technology maturing. Today, there are tens wireless technologies competing for IoT and a myriad devices with disparate capabilities constraints. Moreover, each many verticals employing networks dictates distinctive differential network qualities. In this work, we present context‐aware framework that jointly optimises connectivity computational to deliver qualities required by vertical. Based on smart...

The United Nations drafted an agenda for 2030 to achieve sustainable development with 17 well-defined goals which are urgent call action requiring collaboration and innovation across countries organisations. year 2023 marks the midpoint toward fulfilling proposed but world is still behind in attaining any of set goals. This article discusses opportunities offered by rise Internet Things advances artificial intelligence ushering these tangible use cases that relate health, energy, cities....

Heterogeneous networks are considered a promising solution to address the explosive increase in wireless capacity demand. Due their limited coverage, small cells offer better area spectral efficiency than macro-cells, and advanced features, such as cell range extension, aim at biasing choice of users towards cells. Whereas these features designed maximise air interface while respecting interference limitations signal quality degradation, they do not backhaul constraints. The network is...

The maintenance of critical infrastructure is a costly necessity that developing countries often struggle to deliver timely repairs. transport system acts as the arteries any economy in development, and formation potholes on roads can lead injuries loss lives. Recently, several have enabled pothole reporting platforms for their citizens, so repair work data be centralised visible everyone. Nevertheless, many these been interrupted because rapid growth requests made by users. Not only failed...

This survey uncovers the tension between AI techniques designed for energy saving in mobile networks and demands those same create. We compare modeling approaches that estimate power usage cost of current commercial terrestrial next-generation radio access network deployments. then categorize emerging methods reducing by domain: time, frequency, power, spatial. Next, we conduct a timely review studies attempt to themselves. identify several gaps literature. Notably, real-world data...

Abstract. Machine learning (ML) has proven useful for a very large number of applications in several domains. It realized remarkable growth remote-sensing image analysis over the past few years. Deep Learning (DL) subset machine were applied this work to achieve better classification Land Use Cover (LULC) satellite imagery using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). EuroSAT benchmarking data set is used as training which uses Sentinel-2 images. provides images with 13 spectral feature bands,...

The backhaul network is a critical challenge towards the success of 5G and corresponding difficulties are many-fold, such as coverage expansion, very high bandwidth, ultra- low latency energy consumption, at minimum cost. No single solution can address all these requirements but, on other hand, not links require same set stringent requirements. To this end, we propose novel scheme that capitalises diversity in both performance capabilities to maximise system-centric well user-centric...

Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) is considered a prime 5G enabler with promising resource pooling gains, tighter coordination among cells, and cost saving in remote radio heads corresponding deployment operation. However, C-RAN brings stringent requirements on the backhaul last mile, or fronthaul, terms of capacity, latency, synchronisation, to extent that direct fibre believed be only plausible fronthaul solution. Knowing more often than not, home not available cumbersome costly technology provide, what...

In the future, all devices that benefit from an Internet connection will be connected. of Things technologies are key enablers this vision by moving beyond basic connectivity machine-to-machine (M2M) communications brings to more intelligent interconnection physical things on a massive scale. This anticipated growth is expected challenge planning and operation cellular networks due new diverse traffic models high signaling loads. paper, we conduct detailed experimental study using...

With the advent of network densification and development other radio interface technologies, major bottleneck future cellular networks is shifting from access to backhaul. The are expected handle a wide range applications users with different requirements. In order tackle problem downlink user-cell association, allocate best cell, an intelligent solution based on reinforcement learning proposed. A distributed Q-Learning developed in determine cell extension offsets (CREOs) for each small...

The global wide area coverage of cellular networks offers a great advantage to provide connectivity range emerging machine-to-machine (M2M) services. anticipated massive growth M2M devices is expected challenge the planning and operation due new models traffic behaviour high signalling loads over radio access network. Accordingly, it important capture generated by its effect on network operation. In this paper, we adopt an experimental approach measure, quantify, analyze overhead two classes...

The detection of cells with sub-optimal performance and the identification root-cause such is a crucial challenging task in Network Performance Management (NPM). contemporary NPM approaches, being reactive, silo-based, highly expert-reliant, are not viable options for tasks anymore, particularly emerging complex heterogeneous mobile networks. state-of-the-art research field data-driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) ray hope developing innovative solutions tasks. However, scarcity holistic...