Agricultural production is a crucial part of policy issue in preventing depopulation mountainous areas across Europe. However, soil and climate conditions are limiting yields profitability crop these regions. The European Union (EU) subsidizes agriculture mountains by special payments (Less Favoured Area (LFA) subsidy) when match law-specified natural handicaps. This study aims to assess whether LFA subsidy Poland sufficient cover losses caused lower crops cultivated region (Low Beskid...

Cultivation of spring cereal mixtures (SCMs) is one the ways to increase yield crops in mountainous areas Poland. There are only a few current long-term studies on this topic. Our study aimed at analyzing and competitiveness as well economic indicators cereals pure or mixed sowings integrated organic crop rotations over nine years. A field experiment including oats, barley, triticale their two-component SCMs, each two systems, rotation, was carried out Mountainous Experimental Station...

Solidago canadensis L. is an expansive perennial that forms persistent, species-poor plant communities. It often spreads in fallow areas, displacing native floristic ingredients. Its expansiveness largely due to morphological features, but it can also be the effect of allelopathic interaction. The aim experiment was investigate aqueous extracts (decoction, infusion, and maceration) from dry S. leaves on germination early growth stages Raphanus sativus var. radicula Pers., three cultivars:...

Mountain ecosystems are among the most difficult areas for plant cultivation due to water erosion occurring on slopes. Growing plants in these may lead a weakening of ecosystem functions and degradation threatens sustainability. In this experiment, anti-erosion effectiveness maize, oat spring vetch were assessed through measuring LAI sheet wash from slope where had occurred. Averaged values six years field experiment (2017–2022) reveal that maize achieved maximum soil protection between...

Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. is a melliferous, phytosanitary fodder plant. An important factor in understanding the biology of this plant to investigate its allelopathic potential. In experiment conducted here, ×Triticosecale Wittm. cv. Mamut was treated with water extracts from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers phacelia at concentrations 10%, 12.5%, 15%, control 0% extract. After 7 days exposure, germination grains assessed by analysing, seedling growth, mass parameters, content,...

In the cooler regions of Europe, success winter pea cultivation depends strongly on proper plant development before winter. Previous research has suggested that plants need to develop short internodes and at least their first two leaves arrival frost. However, this stage growth is sometimes not reached in event late sowing, due factors such as unpredictable weather conditions or delayed harvest a previous crop. An effective solution may be application regulators sowing seeds. The aim study...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album L. on germination and early stages triticale grains (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L.). Germination indexes, fresh dry mass, water content electrolyte leakage were measured. Studies revealed different capacity seeds, where increased concentrations allelopathins in C. significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species. had an inhibitory mass. An increase mass...

Celem pracy było nazwanie i standaryzacja faz rozwojowych słonecznika bulwiastego (Helianthus tuberosus L.), rosnącego w klimacie umiarkowanym, na podstawie klucza oznaczeń BBCH. Tego rodzaju analizę wykonano po raz pierwszy, co oczekiwane dyskursie naukowym, jak praktycznym. Rosnące zainteresowanie tym gatunkiem, zarówno z punktu widzenia naukowego utylitarnego, stawia potrzebę nazwania jego poszczególnych stadiów oraz ich standaryzacji zakresie nomenklatury. Słonecznik bulwiasty jest...

The changes of pH value followed by various agricultural practices are crucial for biotic components soil, along with other environmental factors, like temperature and moisture content. In this paper, the earthworms population in triticale continuous cultivation was monitored. Their presence associated agrotechnical methods (e.g., stubble crops maintained as mulch, mineral fertilization without pesticides) were assessed twice handsorting method, their during vegetation season (occurrence...

Invasive Japanese knotweed is one of Poland’s most aggressive and difficult-to-control species. New methods control are utmost importance. This study aimed to analyze young offshoots’ regeneration physiological condition after treatment their rhizomes with microwaves high frequency. The fresh were microwaved in the laboratory once for different times (from 5 60 s, interval s). Next, greenhouse, growth offshoots biochemical state (spectrophotometry leaves) recorded three measurement series....

The trophic activity of soil mesofauna, especially earthworms (the Lumbricidae family), is a key element in increasing the fertility agroecosystems. Thee food strategies that use as part networks soil, and their preferences, are still unknown. Much known about what substrate earthworms, but preferences individual species, well possibilities dynamics processing not fully understood. aim experiment was to observe amount uptake by species Lumbricus terrestris L., which common Oligochaeta...

The pro-health and pro-environmental assets of organic farming are a reason why this system is now promoted in agriculture. objective the research was to determine effect conventional crop production (potato, oat, spring vetch) on yield, water erosion, losses NPK nutrients, LAI, infiltration, fresh mass earthworms. From 2019 2021, two-factor field experiment carried out at Mountain Experimental Station located Czyrna (Southern Poland). first factor included systems: organic. second consisted...

In the whole world, researches are conducting on toxic effect of heavy metals living organisms. The problem with metal occurrence in environment is not only associated their toxicity, but also ability to accumulate inside This study presents copper and vanadium ions germination growth carrot (Daucus carota L subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G. Martens.) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). experiment was carried out two independent series ten repetitions each. water solutions (CuSO4)...

Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial plant, which originates from North America. Tubers are characterised by high nutritional and energy values can therefore be source of food for humans animals. The interest in tubers Helianthus tuberosus L. the diet man primarily due to content inulin fructooligosaccharides, minerals, vitamins, amino acids them. In addition, it plant that not demanding agrotechnical conditions. Hence, cultivation this has increased. main objective experiment was evaluate...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence copper and vanadium ions on photosynthetic activity carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G. Martens) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Measurements total chlorophyll content were performed – SPAD chlorometer basic a fluorescence parameters determined using FMS-1 fluorometer Hansatech. studies used aqueous solutions salt (CuSO4) (H4NO3V), with molar concentrations: 0.6 mM, 3 mM. control group consisted plants...