Summary Emergency signage is important for safe escape when unexpected events (such as fires) occur. However, there are limited data on the difference in effect of emergency way finding processes between individual and group conditions. This paper aims to reveal how participants alone or groups detect accept information conveyed by a system through an experiment buildings. One hundred nineteen volunteers participated experiment, which included evacuation There were six decision points along...

With the recent advances in active transportation and demand management, variable speed limits (VSLs) have been identified as an traffic management strategy for improving freeway mobility safety. Several heuristic VSL strategies proposed evaluated. This paper proposes a model predictive control evaluates its safety impacts. The uses second-order flow models to predict state provide optimizing corridor operational performance. A sensitivity analysis of update frequency constraints was...

This study aims to identify effective educational strategies empower women for leadership roles in Malaysia’s corporate sector and evaluate their impact on advancing gender equality (SDG 5) quality education 4). Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research utilizes purposive snowball sampling conduct in-depth interviews with senior female executives Malaysia, exploring experiences perceptions of empowerment. The findings reveal six strategies: comprehensive development...

This paper proposes a dual-mode thermal analysis framework for the composite cage rotor bearingless induction motor (CCR-BIM), which combines lumped parameter network (LPTN) and finite element model (FETM) methods with experimental verification. The CCR-BIM, an advanced design combining torque suspension windings within single stator core, offers significant advantages in high-speed high-precision applications. However, accurate management remains critical challenge due to its complex...

Conducting research on the effectiveness of driving simulators is great significance for enhancing availability simulator systems. However, in risky environments, traditional methods have limitation making it difficult to conduct real vehicle experiments. Therefore, this study proposes a method based driver physiological indicators evaluate environments. On one hand, two-dimensional extended time collision theoretical model (2D-TTC) was used calculate risk degree. Then, similarity between...

Freeway merging sections are critical segments that can recurrently activate peak-hour traffic congestion. This article proposes a novel vehicular gap control method as new Active Traffic Management (ATM) strategy to be added the existing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) toolboxes for freeway merge control. The proposed strategy, "Gap Metering," considered non-stopping mainline version of ramp metering. It utilizes signals advising through vehicles yield sufficient gaps vehicles....

Exit selection behavior is important for evacuation processes and safe facility design. Pedestrians' ability to select an exit route affected by many factors, will also impact on efficiency. It should not be neglected when modeling evacuation. In the case of asymmetric exits distribution pedestrians, issue how identify a pedestrian's target performing simulations. However, this has been well investigated, especially in discrete models. regard, we tend investigate pedestrian choice...

The central European 16.7-Hz railway grid is fed-beside by own power sources- rotary and static converters. In context of recent low-frequency stability problems in the Scandinavia region, primary interaction four-quadrant line-side traction-converter control surrounding converters a major concern. Therefore, adequate models for time-domain simulation are necessary. this paper, set differential equations-representing even transient behaviour converter-are derived. Based on resulting...

On freeway corridors, traffic flow is limited by active bottlenecks. Weaving maneuvers (i.e., intensive lane changes) are a major cause of bottlenecks during high-demand periods. To relieve bottleneck severity, ramp metering (RM) implemented as an control method. Ample research has been devoted to developing RM algorithms and exploring weaving impacts; however, that considerate dynamic impact its evaluation received little attention in the published literature. This paper aims bridge gap...

Variable speed limits (VSL) aim to improve freeway mobility and safety by influencing collective behaviors of drivers. Thus, VSL benefits should be positively correlated with the compliance level (CL). Surprisingly, a number heuristic control strategies have shown that increased CLs can, in fact, increase travel time. However, it has yet analyzed whether or not outcome is because strategy design CL. Some recent studies that, regardless CL, proactive optimal provides benefits; however, no...

Most previous prediction based Variable Speed Limit (VSL) control strategies focused on improving traffic mobility the macroscopic data. Nowadays, emerging technologies provide access to microscopic flow data, which better captures details of dynamics in VSL controlled environment. Thus, this paper, data were utilized as a supplement predict evolutions parameters. The proposed algorithm adopts Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework, employs modified version classic model METANET take...

Over the past few decades, several active traffic control methods have been proposed to improve freeway efficiency at bottleneck locations. Variable speed limit (VSL) is one of these effective controls. Previous studies evaluated VSL control, but primarily during recurrent congestion only. This study focuses on evaluating performance for both and non-recurrent congestion. To assess effectiveness a previously in real-world situation, this has three evaluation objectives: (1) examine when (or)...

In naval applications high availability is a must. Therefore fault scenarios of drives and power-supply systems have to be simulated in detail. order model the physical behaviour complex induction machines an adequate way including asymmetric faults which are not featured by any simplified single-phase ECD, set differential equations has formulated. Though presented approach applied five-phase machine, it matter fact, that simulation can also other kind polyphase e.g. with seven-phases or...

An increasing number of vehicles on roadways has made traffic safety a serious challenge for transportation engineers. For the mitigation concerns, variety active control measures, such as variable speed limit (VSL), have been intensively investigated and deployed. VSL is usually adopted to advise drivers lower that more appropriate congested condition takes advantage homogeneous flow effect. However, in earlier studies, because absence state prediction, impact applied was not quantitatively...

Proactive optimal Variable Speed Limit (VSL) control is a promising solution to improve both the freeway capacity and travel time. Despite this well-recognized fact, most of previous studies found that VSL strategy was capable improving only This finding hinders overall mobility benefits from computationally intensive proactive its credibility compared other strategies those do not involve real-time traffic state prediction optimization. To resolve issue, in paper, authors adopt previously...

In the operation of pumped storage plant, sudden change load in large range often happen, design reversible pump-turbine emergency closing law should satisfy limit rotation speed-rise and pressure-rise. The broken-line usually used plants is discussed based on full hydraulic characteristic pump-turbine, three stages with delayed segment designed, virtues defects are also analyzed. Numerical calculation field test indicate that water hammer plant conveyance system caused by wicket gate...

This paper presents a general model of the Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). The includes influence slotting on harmonics stator- and rotor currents. Most squirrel-cage induction machines can be described well based fundamental-wave winding distribution. In case DFIG non-ideal structure windings in stator cause considerable currents These strongly depend speed machine present challenge to model-based control DFIG. Including into improves accuracy considerably. is verified by...

Macroscopic traffic flow models have been widely used to provide reliable prediction inputs for active transportation and demand management (ATDM). The representative include METANET, FREFLOW, KRONOS. In recent development of ATDM, METANET-based started more attention with their convenience formulating several important macroscopic control variables, such as speed limit ramp flow. However, applying METANET on real-world observations (e.g., loop detector data) may experience significant...

A suitable health literacy assessment instrument for patients with chronic pain (HLCP) in China good instrument’s psychometric properties is required. theoretical framework the HLCP was developed by adopting hierarchical model of proposed Nutbeam. The reliability and validity were tested a cross-sectional survey 237 from three clinics wards Grade-3A hospitals Zhejiang Province, China. discriminant degree method, correlation analysis factor method (exploratory analysis), half reliability,...

To be able to guarantee high availability of naval drives and power-supply systems, error scenarios have simulated. At this, the chosen set differential equations has model physical behavior complex induction machines used in applications, e.g. with 5- or 7-phases double-star stator windings including asymmetric faults which is not featured by any simplified single-phase ECD. After a brief introduction simulation concept, an approach for modeling motor presented. The excellent performance...

Interior permanent magnet-synchronous machines (IPMSM) feature many favourable properties for e-mobility application as high power density and good efficiency. However, they require careful modelling because of strong anisotropies the rotor, are also known from salient-pole synchronous machines. These often accounted by different values d-axis q-axis inductances in a rotor-flux-oriented coordinate system. With regard to asynchonous machine control, stator-flux-oriented control could provide...

Proactive traffic control based on macroscopic flow model is an innovative approach to active management. An online, predictive (MPC) algorithm, DynaTAM, proposed implement integrated through ramp metering (RM) and variable speed limit (VSL). DynaTAM predicts states anticipate incoming congestion provide plan recommendations for optimizing the network conditions. However, as with other sophisticated prediction-based algorithms, a system fine-tuning procedure required DynaTAM. In this study,...