A5090517034- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- HIV Research and Treatment
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
2025
Addis Ababa University
2014-2025
The Ohio State University
2020-2025
University of Pennsylvania
2022-2025
International Trachoma Initiative
2018-2025
eHealth Initiative
2020-2023
Office of International Affairs
2019-2022
Africa Center
2021
Ohio Department of Health
2021
Karolinska Institutet
2011-2016
Objectives We evaluated the importance of ethnicity and pharmacogenetic variations in determining efavirenz pharmacokinetics, auto-induction immunological outcomes two African populations. Methods ART naïve HIV patients from Ethiopia (n = 285) Tanzania 209) were prospectively enrolled parallel to start based HAART. CD4+ cell counts determined at baseline, 12, 24 48 weeks. Plasma intracellular 8-hydroxyefvairenz concentrations week 4 16. Genotyping for common functional CYP2B6, CYP3A5, ABCB1,...
There is a demand for more sensitive, specific and predictive biomarkers drug-induced liver injury (DILI) than the gold standard used today, alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The aim of this study was to qualify novel DILI (keratin-18 markers M65/M30, microRNA-122, glutamate dehydrogenase alpha-foetoprotein) in human DILI.Levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) two cohorts: volunteer with acetaminophen...
<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Low body mass index (BMI) is a globally important risk factor for TB progression. Little known about this association in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the functional form of BMI-TB incidence curve.</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>Secondary analysis randomised controlled trial preventive therapy among PLHIV South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia. Participants received 3 months weekly high-dose rifapentine-isoniazid given...
Background Implication of pharmacogenetic variations and efavirenz pharmacokinetics in concomitant based antiviral therapy anti-tubercular drug induced liver injury (DILI) has not been yet studied. We performed a prospective case-control association study to identify the incidence, pharmacogenetic, pharmacokinetic biochemical predictors for antiretroviral drugs HIV tuberculosis (TB) co-infected patients. Methods Findings Newly diagnosed treatment naïve TB-HIV patients (n = 353) were enrolled...
High
Objectives To evaluate the incidence, type, severity and predictors of antiretroviral and/or anti-tuberculosis drugs induced liver injury (DILI). Methods A total 1,060 treatment naive patients were prospectively enrolled into four groups: HIV receiving efavirenz based HAART alone (Arm-1); TB-HIV co-infected with CD4≤200 cells/μL, concomitant rifampicin anti-TB (Arm-2); CD4>200 (Arm-3); TB taking (Arm-4). Liver enzyme levels monitored at baseline, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th 24th weeks during...
One-third of tuberculosis (TB) cases in Ethiopia are missing from care for reasons that not well studied. The aim this study was to assess TB burden and identify challenges related screening diagnosis Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional conducted seven health facilities selected two regions city administrations using stratified random sampling procedures. data 1,059,065 patients were included outpatient department, HIV clinic, diabetic, maternal-child clinics. Data collected October...
Livestock farming provides a possible mechanism by which smallholder farmers can meet their household need for animal source foods (ASF), may reduce the risk of stunting. However, direct/indirect contacts with domestic animals increase colonization Campylobacter spp., has been associated Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) and A cross-sectional study involving 102 randomly selected children between 12 16 months age was conducted in rural eastern Ethiopia to establish prevalence rates...
In our previous cross-sectional study, multiple species of Campylobacter were detected (88%) in stool samples from children (12 to 14 months age) rural eastern Ethiopia. This study assessed the temporal fecal carriage infants and identified putative reservoirs associated with these infections same region. The prevalence load determined using genus-specific real-time PCR. Stool 106 (
To assess and compare the prevalence, severity prognosis of anti-TB drug induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) in HIV positive negative tuberculosis (TB) patients Ethiopia.In this study, 103 94 TB were enrolled. All evaluated for different risk factors monitored biochemically clinically development DIH. Sub-clinical was observed 17.3% 8 out 197 (4.1%) developed clinical hepatotoxicity. Seven 2 HBsAg.Sub-clinical significantly associated with co-infection (p = 0.002), concomitant intake 0.008),...
ObjectivesWe investigated the long-term effect of efavirenz autoinduction on its plasma/peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) exposure and CD4 count, importance sex pharmacogenetic variations.
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a well-recognized adverse event of anti tuberculosis drugs (ATD) possibly associated with genetic variations. The objective this study was to perform genome-wide association (GWAS) identify variants the risk for ATD induced toxicity in Ethiopian patients. Treatment-naïve newly diagnosed patients (n = 646) were enrolled prospectively and treated rifampicin based short course anti-tuberculosis therapy. Whole genome genotyping done using Illumina Omni Express...
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a known adverse effect of both anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) and antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Recent studies highlight the implications genetic predispositions to DILI. We performed case-control study identify Human Leukocyte Antigen-B (HLA-B) variant alleles associated with anti-TB ARV co-treatment induced toxicity in Ethiopian TB HIV co-infected patients. A total 495 newly diagnosed patients were enrolled received rifampicin based efavirenz therapy. Change...
The occurrence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major issue in all phases drug development. To identify novel biomarker candidates associated with DILI, we utilised an affinity proteomics strategy, where antibody suspension bead arrays were applied to profile plasma and serum samples from human DILI cases controls.An initial screening was performed using 4594 randomly selected antibodies, representing 3450 proteins. Resulting candidate proteins together proposed generated array 251...
Del. (Asteraceae) is reported to be traditionally used for the treatment of malaria. Based on folkloric repute this plant in Ethiopian traditional medicine and crude extract-based ethnopharmacological studies conducted few countries, study was undertaken evaluate vivo antimalarial activity 80% methanol extract its solvent fractions leaves
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are clinically significant dose-related adverse effects associated with second-line anti-tubercular injectables drugs (aminoglycosides capreomycin) used during intensive phase of treatment multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients. Data scarce on injectable-induced nephrotoxicity in Ethiopian MDR-TB The aim this study was to assess the prevalence, management ototoxic symptoms outcomes patients treated for injectable-based regimens. This retrospective...
Tuberculosis preventive therapy for persons with HIV infection is effective, but its durability uncertain.To compare treatment completion rates of weekly isoniazid-rifapentine 3 months versus daily isoniazid 6 as well the effectiveness 3-month rifapentine-isoniazid regimen given annually 2 years once.Randomized trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02980016).South Africa, Ethiopia, and Mozambique.Persons who were receiving antiretroviral therapy, aged or older, did not have active...
Background Despite free tuberculosis (TB) services in low-resource settings which are provided under countries’ respective National TB programmes, patients incur substantial costs when seeking care. These not only act as a barrier to access but also reduce adherence treatment further affects patients’ health outcomes and poses financial burden households. In the context of EXIT-TB project implementation, we nested patient cost study aiming at estimating incurred by services. addition,...
Diarrheal illness remains a major global health challenge, causing millions of deaths annually. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and Campylobacter species (CAMPY) significantly contribute to this burden. Given the limited information on these pathogens in Ethiopia, study aimed estimate their prevalence among diarrhea patients Ethiopia identify risk factors for infection. A cross-sectional was conducted from October 2021 November 2022 three...