Background and Purpose —We tested the hypothesis that intravenous infusion of bone marrow derived–marrow stromal cells (MSCs) enter brain reduce neurological functional deficits after stroke in rats. Methods —Rats (n=32) were subjected to 2 hours middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Test groups consisted MCAO alone (group 1, n=6); 1×10 6 MSCs at 24 2, or 3×10 3, n=7). Rats 1 3 euthanized 14 days MCAO. Group 4 (n=6) group 5, 7 (n=7). 5 35 For cellular identification, prelabeled with...

Human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) are rich in stem and progenitor cells. In this study we tested whether intravenously infused HUCBC enter brain, survive, differentiate, improve neurological functional recovery after stroke rats. addition, ischemic brain tissue extract selectively induces chemotaxis of vitro.Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to transient (2-hour) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Experimental groups as follows: group 1, MCAO alone (n=5); 2, 3x10(6) injected...

VEGF is a secreted mitogen associated with angiogenesis and also potent vascular permeability factor. The biological role of in the ischemic brain remains unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate whether enhances cerebral microvascular perfusion increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage brain. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), three-dimensional laser-scanning confocal microscope, functional neurological tests, we measured effects administrating recombinant human VEGF165...

Here, for the first time, we test a novel hypothesis that systemic treatment of stroke with exosomes derived from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) promote neurovascular remodeling and functional recovery after in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to 2 hours middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by tail vein injection 100 μg protein MSC exosome precipitates or an equal volume vehicle phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) ( n = 6/group) 24 later. Animals killed at 28...

<b><i><i>Objective:</i></i></b> To test the effect of IV-injected human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSC) on neurologic functional deficits after stroke in rats. <b><i>Methods: </i></b> Rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and IV injected with 3 × 10⁶ hMSC 1 day stroke. Functional outcome was measured before 1, 7, 14 days Mixed lymphocyte reaction development cytotoxic T lymphocytes immune rejection hMSC. A monoclonal antibody specific cellular nuclei...

Abstract Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potential therapeutic benefit for the treatment of neurological diseases and injury. MSCs interact with alter brain parenchymal by direct cell-cell communication and/or indirect secretion factors thereby promote functional recovery. In this study, we found that MSC rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) significantly increased microRNA 133b (miR-133b) level in ipsilateral hemisphere. vitro, miR-133b levels their...

Background and Purpose— Erythropoietin (EPO) promotes proliferation differentiation of erythroid progenitors the survival maturing cells. Here, we investigated role EPO in brain repair after stroke. Methods— Rats were treated with recombinant human (rhEPO) at 24 hours onset embolic An array behavior tests was performed. euthanized 28 days stroke for measurements infarct volume, angiogenesis, neurogenesis. In vitro, neurospheres derived from subventricular zone (SVZ) rat cerebral endothelial...

To test, in vivo, the hypothesis that exosomes from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) mediate microRNA 133b (miR-133b) transfer which promotes neurological recovery stroke, we used knockin and knockdown technologies to upregulate or downregulate miR-133b level MSCs (miR-133b(+) miR-133b(-) MSCs) their corresponding exosomes, respectively. Rats were subjected middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) treated with naïve MSCs, miR-133b(+) MSC at 1 day after MCAo. Compared controls,...

Transplanted multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improve functional recovery in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study the authors tested a novel hypothesis that systemic administration of cell-free exosomes generated from MSCs promotes and neurovascular remodeling TBI.Two groups 8 Wistar were subjected to TBI, followed 24 hours later by tail vein injection 100 μg protein derived or an equal volume vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline). A third group was used as...

We tested the hypothesis that intravenous infusion of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) promotes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) expression and angiogenesis in ischemic boundary zone (IBZ) after stroke. hMSCs (1×10 6 ) were intravenously injected into rats 24 hours middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), immunohistochemistry ELISA performed to assay levels rat host brain, respectively. In...

We measured, in vivo, the local concentration of nitric oxide (NO) cerebral tissue, during and after transient middle artery occlusion rat (n = 8). Baseline NO was &lt;10 −8 M; upon initiation ischemia, increased to ∼10 −6 M then declined. Reperfusion likewise stimulated an increase above baseline level. Administration N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester 4), inhibitor synthase, before onset maintained at basal levels. Our data indicate that large increases occur which may affect tissue response...

Abstract The present study investigates the induction of neurogenesis, reduction apoptosis, and promotion basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression as possible mechanisms by which treatment stroke with bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) improves neurological functional recovery. Additionally, for first time, we treated cerebral ischemia in female rats intraveneous administration MSCs. Female were subjected to 2 hr middle artery occlusion (MCAo), followed an injection 3 × 10 6 male (for...

We tested the hypothesis that transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into spinal cord after a contusion injury promotes functional outcome. Rats (n = 31) were subjected to weight driven implant injury. MSCs or phosphate buffered saline was injected I week Sections tissue analyzed by double-labeled immunohistochemistry for MSC identification. Functional outcome measurements using Basso-Beattie-Bresnehan score performed weekly 5 weeks post-injury. The data indicate significant...

Abstract We demonstrate that the 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase inhibitors atorvastatin and simvastatin enhance functional outcome induce brain plasticity when administered after stroke to rats. With treatment initiated 1 day stroke, animals exhibited significant increases in vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, angiogenesis, endogenous cell proliferation neurogenesis, an increase synaptic protein, synaptophysin. Atorvastatin‐induced...

The authors transplanted adult bone marrow nonhematopoietic cells into the striatum after embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Mice (n = 23; C57BL/6J) were divided four groups: (1) mice 5) subjected to MCAO and with (prelabeled by bromodeoxyuridine, BrdU) ischemic striatum, (2) alone 8), (3) injection of phosphate buffered saline 5), (4) injected normal 5). killed at 28 days stroke. BrdU reactive survived migrated a distance approximately 2.2 mm from grafting areas toward areas....

Background and Purpose— Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) harvested exosomes are hypothesized as the major paracrine effectors of MSCs. In vitro, miR-17–92 cluster promotes oligodendrogenesis, neurogenesis, axonal outgrowth. We, therefore, investigated whether cluster–enriched from MSCs transfected with an plasmid enhance neurological recovery compared control MSC-derived exosomes. Methods— Rats subjected to 2 hours transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were intravenously...

We investigated the effect of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) administered intravenously on functional outcome after traumatic brain injury in adult rats.hMSCs were harvested from three donors. A controlled cortical impact was delivered to 27 male rats induce injury, and 24 hours hMSCs injected into tail veins (n = 18). These divided two groups: Group 1 x 10(6) hMSCs, 2 hMSCs. 3 (control) received saline intravenously. Neurological function evaluated according rotarod test modified...