Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system, especially brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Diagnosis of this very complex process generally requires lot time. In addition, treatments are applied without any information on disability course in each MS patient. For these two reasons, objective study was to improve diagnosis predict long-term patients based clinical data retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, measured by optical...

Abstract Highly cross‐linked polyethylenes (HXLPEs) have been incorporated into the hip replacement armamentarium based on their improved wear resistance. However, two different methods of thermal treatment separate orthopedic community as strategies to control potential long‐term oxidation, and controversy remains with problems in use acetabular liners (long‐term rim fracture after impingement, etc.). Meanwhile, mechanical properties HXLPEs that may alleviate these are still unclear. On...

To compare axonal loss in ganglion cells detected with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) eyes of patients multiple sclerosis (MS) versus healthy controls using different machine learning techniques. analyze the capability techniques to improve detection retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and complex Ganglion Cell Layer-Inner plexiform (GCL+) damage use SS-OCT as a biomarker early predict this disease.Patients relapsing-remitting MS (n = 80) age-matched 180) were enrolled....

Machine learning approaches in diagnosis and prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) were analysed using retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). A cross-sectional study (72 MS patients 30 healthy controls) was used for diagnosis. These 72 involved a 10-year longitudinal follow-up prognostic purposes. Structural measurements RNFL thickness performed different Spectralis OCT protocols: fast macular protocol to measure RNFL, RNFL-N peripapillary...

Ocular surface inflammatory disorder (OSID) is a spectrum of disorders that have features several etiologies whilst displaying similar phenotypic signs ocular inflammation. They are complicated with underlying mechanisms related to autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren’s syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Current literature shows the involvement both innate adaptive arms immune system in The contains distinct components conjunctiva cornea. normal...

Abstract Electron beam irradiation at doses below 150 kGy is a widely used technique to obtain highly crosslinked ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Its current use in total joint replacement components may improve wear resistance and decrease UHMWPE particle debris. However, currently post‐irradiation thermal treatments, which aim the free radicals within material, introduce microstructural changes that affect mechanical properties, particularly fatigue strength. This...

The knowledge of the lumbar spine biomechanics is essential for clinical applications. Due to difficulties experiment on living people and irregular results published, simulation based finite elements (FE) has been developed, making it possible adequately reproduce spine. A 3D FE model complete (vertebrae, discs, ligaments) developed. To verify model, radiological images (X-rays) were taken over a group 25 healthy, male individuals with average age 27.4 weight 78.6 kg corresponding informed...

The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a soft biological tissue that connects the tooth with trabecular bone of mandible. It plays key role in load transmission and primarily responsible for resorption most common diseases. Although several numerical studies have analysed biomechanical response PDL, did not consider its porous fibrous structure, only few damage to PDL. This study presents an innovative formulation hyperelastic material model considers two separate softening phenomena: fibre...

The main objective of this work is the evaluation, by means finite element method (FEM) mechanical stability and long-term microstructural modifications in bone induced to three different kinds fractures distal femur types implants: Condyle Plate, less invasive stabilization system plate (LISS) nail (DFN). displacement stress distributions both implants internal remodelling process after fracture fixation are obtained analysed computational simulation. conclusions that femoral can be treated...

Primary stability of the graft is essential in anterior cruciate ligament surgery. An optimal method fixation should be easy to insert and provide great resistance against pull-out forces.A controlled laboratory study was designed test primary ACL tendinous grafts tibial tunnel. The correlation between traction forces cross-section length screw studied.The phase reconstruction performed forty porcine tibias using digital flexor tendons same animal. 8 mm tunnel drilled each specimen two...

Abstract Background A hip replacement with a cemented or cementless femoral stem produces an effect on the bone called adaptive remodelling, attributable to mechanical and biological factors. All of prostheses designs try achieve optimal load transfer in order avoid stress-shielding, which osteopenia. Long-term densitometric studies taken after implanting ABG-I ABG-II stems confirm that changes made design alloy help produce less proximal atrophy femur. The simulation FE allowed us study...

The implantation of a cemented or cementless femoral stem changes the physiological load transfer on femur producing an effect bone called adaptative remodeling. patterns this remodeling are attributed to mechanical and biological factors, those in mineral density have been determined long-term densitometry studies. This technique has proved be useful tool able quantify small different areas, it is considered ideal for On other hand, finite element (FE) simulation allows study biomechanical...

Although traumatic loading has been associated with periodontal ligament (PDL) damage and therefore several oral disorders, the phenomena loads involved are still unclear. The complex composition extremely thin size of PDL make experimentation difficult, requiring computational studies that consider macroscopic conditions, microscopic fine detailed geometry tissue. In this study, a new methodology to analyse in collagen network extracellular matrix caused by parafunctional occlusal forces...

Mammals of numerous lineages have evolved high-crowned (hypsodont) teeth particularly during the last 20 million years. This major phenotypic change is one most widely studied evolutionary phenomena in a broad range disciplines, though mechanisms underlying its transformation remain unresolved. Here, we present first Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to investigate alternative hypothesis that there biomechanical link between increased hypsodonty and more effective mastication deer. Our FE...

Segment fusion using interbody cages supplemented with pedicle screw fixation is the most common surgery for treatment of low back pain. However, there still much controversy regarding use in a stand-alone fashion. The goal this work to numerically compare influence that each has on lumbar biomechanics.A non-linear FE model whole spine was developed between two types (OLYS and NEOLIF) without supplementary fixation. motion analysed biomechanical environment adjacent segments operated one...