Abstract The current study explores how the topside equatorial and low‐latitude ionosphere responded to super geomagnetic storm on 10–11 May 2024, using in situ data from Swarm constellation. During storm's main phase, enhancements EIA (equatorial ionization anomaly) were observed, forming strong super‐fountains. EIAs extended toward latitudes beyond of magnetic equator, with crests being shifted equator both hemispheres during phase storm. Swarm‐A observed strongest storm‐time...

Abstract The current study aims at investigating and identifying the ionospheric effects of geomagnetic storm that occurred during 17–19 March 2015. Incidentally, with SYM‐H hitting a minimum −232 nT, this was strongest solar cycle 24. investigates how has affected equatorial, low‐latitude, midlatitude ionosphere in American European sectors using available ground‐based ionosonde GPS TEC (total electron content) data. possible prompt electric field penetration is observed both main phase...

Abstract The present work investigates ionospheric effects of the 21 August 2017 total solar eclipse, particularly targeting eclipse‐generated gravity waves in ionosphere. Ionospheric electron content (TEC) derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) data obtained a number stations located both along and across path eclipse totality has been utilized for this purpose. Distinct wave‐like signatures with wave periods around 20–90 min (with dominant peak at 25–30 period) have observed all...

Abstract The present study investigates the effect of major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event 2009, on small‐scale gravity wave (GW) activity in ionosphere. Small‐scale fluctuations with time periods within range 10–90 min observed Global Positioning System total electron content (TEC) data have been used as a proxy for GW TEC from five longitudinally separated stations located around 60 ∘ N latitude utilized this purpose. In initial phase warming, when conditions are similar to minor...

Abstract Satellite Traces (STs) are the important ionogram signatures for presence of upwellings in bottom‐side ionosphere, which provide necessary seed perturbation development equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). In this study, a virtual ionosonde experiment is simulated to investigate various ST under shallow, deep, overhead, and off‐centered ionosphere. It shown that STs occur at higher lower heights than main trace overhead upwellings, respectively. The height separation between increases...

Abstract. In this paper we present a case study of the annular solar eclipse effects on ionization E and F regions equatorial ionosphere over Tirunelveli [77.8° E, 8.7° N, dip 0.4° N] by means digital ionosonde 15 January 2010. The maximum obscuration at station was 84% it occurred in afternoon. F1 layers showed very clear decrease their electron concentrations, whereas F2 layer did not show appreciable changes. A reduction 30% observed foF1 during phase eclipse. During beginning eclipse, an...

Abstract An alternative scenario to the Ngwira et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019661) high sheath densities is proposed for modeling Carrington magnetic storm. Typical slow solar wind (~5 cm −3 ) and lower interplanetary cloud field intensities (~90 nT) can be used explain observed initial main phase storm features. A second point that fast recovery may explained by ring current losses due electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave scattering.

Abstract We present the seasonal and local time occurrence of ionospheric F 3 layer over Tirunelveli (geographic longitude 77.8°E, geographic latitude 8.7°N, dip 0.7°) during extremely low prolonged solar activity period (2007–2009). Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde observations from this station are used in study. find that is nearly times higher 2009 (∼ 48%) as compared to 2007 (∼16%). The increase order just within unusual. In earlier studies similar has been reported when changes high...

Abstract. A thin and highly dense sporadic E layer, which can occasionally block the upper ionospheric layers, is called blanketing (Esb). We present statistical seasonal local time occurrence pattern of Esb at equatorial station Tirunelveli (8.7° N, 77.8° E, dip latitude 0.7° N) during extended minimum solar cycle 24 (2007–2009). In spite nearly same average activity both 2007 2009, considerable differences are noticed in this period. The percentage found to be highest summer solstice...

Abstract The current study explores the relationship between solar variability and tropical cyclone (TC) activity using sunspot number (SSN) TC best‐track data as respective proxies. We have considered six regions of globe, for example, EP: Eastern Pacific, NA: North Atlantic, NI: Indian, SI: South SP: WP: Western Pacific. results show strong anti‐correlation yearly SSN while considering their 11‐year moving averages. This behavior is consistent counts well accumulated energy. However, this...

Abstract This study uses Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN observations of electron density magnetic field for a period four Martian years (MYs 33–36) (∼8 Earth years) to investigate the effects crustal fields on distribution variability Mars' ionosphere. The results show clear enhancement in southern hemisphere region where strong are present with longitudes between 120° 240° (i.e., central longitude), which is agreement previous studies. On contrary, corresponding northern shows an...

In this paper, the diurnal and seasonal variations of ionospheric slab thickness in an ionosonde chain over magnetic equator Southeast Asia are studied. Three stations SEALION project located along meridian 100°E selected to investigate, including two Thailand, namely Chumphon Chiang Mai, one station Indonesia, Kototabang. The monthly hourly medians foF2 from three 2010 used compute observed NmF2. Refer TEC data; it can be obtained directly GPS receiver at since data were completely....