Abstract Agriculture represents one of the major strengths economic sector in Brazil. The need to avoid losses because insect pest populations is greatest challenges faced by this sector. Insect pests have caused annual US $12.0 billion Brazilian economy, which approximately $1.6 are exotic species. Furthermore, species often show greater potential cause harm than native In Brazil, since late nineteenth century, 24 been introduced into country, and they significant losses. Many these...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect calcium silicate (CaSiO3) and activator acibenzolar-S-methyl (BTH) on resistance induction in cucumber, against whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B. Antibiosis, free-choice no-choice preference tests were conducted a greenhouse at laboratory the, Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal Lavras (UFLA), MG, Brazil. design completely randomized, with following treatments: 1) control; 2) application 3 g silicate.kg-1...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects silicon application and administration phytohormone gibberellic acid on resistance corn plants fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, their vegetative characteristics. We evaluated larval pupal duration, survival biomass, adult longevity, malformation fecundity S. frugiperda after feeding plant matter treated with and/or acid. preference FAW first-instar larvae, total leaf area consumed by insects, parameters were also evaluated. No...

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar genótipos de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) quanto à resistência cigarrinha-das-pastagens (Mahanarva spectabilis). Para avaliação da antibiose, aos trinta dias após o plantio, cada planta infestada com seis ovos próximos eclosão, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, 30 e dez repetições. Quarenta cinco a eclosão das ninfas, avaliou-se porcentagem sobrevivência do inseto-praga nos diferentes genótipos. não-preferência, foram...

Abstract A major challenge for global agriculture is the reduction of environmental impacts caused by meat and dairy production, conversion monocultural pastures to silvopastoral systems has emerged as an important ally in this process. In order understand effects we analysed 4 years sampling insect fauna from a conventional pasture system Minas Gerais, Brazil. We aimed determine whether changes affected abundance, richness diversity orders found two systems. Total did not differ between...

The impact of temperature was evaluated on Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Nymphs, 12-h-old, were placed individually in cylindrical plastic dishes (2.5 × 2.5 cm), with a layer 1% agar which leaf disks signal grass had been placed. nymphs reared at 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32°C ± 1°C, RH 70 10% 12-h photophase. We number instars, duration each instar the nymphal period, survival reproductive daily total production nymphs, longevity adult phases. To construct life expectancy...

The damage caused by spittlebugs varies according to the species of grass, and losses can reach alarming levels. Measures for population control are currently restricted use resistant grasses diversification pastures. Therefore, alternative measures necessary, such as botanical insecticides. aim this study was evaluate insecticidal activities thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, trans-anethole on Mahanarva spectabilis eggs, nymphs, adults under laboratory conditions. In egg tests,...

Abstract Multigenerational effects on biological aspects and the life table of Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Sipha flava (Forbes) are not known. These studies can help further our understanding reasons for conflicting results performance aphids determined under laboratory conditions. Hence, objective present work was to evaluate R. in brachiaria ( Urochloa ruziziensis (R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Crins Poaceae) S. elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. during five...

Abstract Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) is an important pasture pest in Brazil and represents obstacle to forage production. Elucidating the chemical signals involved communication of this species essential for finding new control alternatives. Therefore, aim study was determine whether are mating process M. spectabilis. In first trial, insect's behavior evaluated cages with male: female ratios 4:1 1:4. As soon as copulation began, males or females around copulating couple recorded....

The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance B. ruziziensis clones spittlebug species Deois schach and Mahanarva spectabilis.Together with cultivar Marandu (B.brizantha) progenies 77s, 85s 106s as controls, 71 were evaluated in a randomized block design.Six eggs about hatch artificially infested 40 days later for percentage surviving nymphs plant damage based on rating scale.Analysis variance identified significant differences nymph survival both species.Since scores 100, 95, 19, 42,...

Abstract We investigated sunflower leaf palatability to Chlosyne lacinia saundersii Doubleday & Hewitson (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in plants treated with silicon (Si) and subjected mechanical injury. also examined the effects of those treatments on plant development. The experimental study was carried out as a completely randomized design, consisting six (10 replicates each): (1) control, (2) mechanically injured, (3) Si applied around stem (Si drench), (4) drench + (5) foliar spray, (6)...

Abstract Social wasps in the Polybia genus are important for use as pest‐control agents agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to investigate behavioural responses fastidiosuscula Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) volatiles from maize, both constitutive and those induced by herbivory Spodoptera frugiperda ( JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). To assess response P. S. larvae, undamaged plants, frugiperda‐ damaged mechanically plants plus regurgitant larvae extracts various...

Pests in pastures have compromised the production of biomass for feeding livestock herds. Many strategies been applied to sustainably solve this problem. One viable and innovative technique is delivery entomopathogenic fungi through endophytes. Therefore, study aimed (i) evaluate endophytic capacity two fungi, Fusarium multiceps UFMGCB 11443 Metarhizium anisopliae 11444, Urochloa brizantha [(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf] (Poaceae) cultivar ‘Marundu’) via foliar inoculation or seed treatment,...

The forage Urochloa ruziziensis ((R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard) Crins (synonym Brachiaria ruziziensis) (Poales: Poaceae)) has great potential to be adopted as pasture. However, this is susceptible spittlebugs, the main insect pest of pastures in Brazil. Thus, objective study was select genotypes U. resistant Deois schach (Fabricius) Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) through 16 cycles recurrent selection. resistance 13,114 plants spittlebugs evaluated experiments conducted...

This study examined effects of elevated CO2 alone and in combination with temperature on plant-aphid interactions. levels which the host plants were grown affected durations some nymphal stadia, but not survivorship within each instar or all instarS. Sipha flava (Forbes) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) adults kept under a constant high environment (500 ppm) fed fluctuating (avg. 440 greenhouse had significantly greater longevity reproduction than aphids either level 368 ppm). Nevertheless, no...

Several factors may degrade pastures, in particular, inadequate nutrient application and spittlebug attacks. Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), one of the species that occur Brazil, is a limiting pest forage production. This study analyzes influence fertilization with macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus potassium (NPK) on survival M. nymphs, effects damage by nymphs adults production, quality regrowth capacity forages Brachiaria ruziziensis, Pennisetum purpureum...

Avaliou-se a eficiência de larvas primeiro ínstar Chrysoperla externa no controle Myzus persicae em pimentão, experimentos realizados câmara e sala climatizadas 25 ± 1ºC, UR 70 10% fotofase 12 horas. Larvas C. recém-eclodidas foram liberadas discos foliares, contendo 5; 10 ou 20 ninfas do afídeo, acondicionados placas Petri. Em um segundo experimento, predador nas proporções 1:5, 1:10 1:20, plantas inoculadas com 60; 100 140 pulgão. O potencial predatório nos foliares foi influenciado pela...

Objetiva-se com este trabalho estimar a repetibilidade para caracteres forrageiros de Panicum, e determinar o número cortes avaliação necessários seleção genótipos confiabilidade. Utilizaram-se os dados um ensaio conduzido no período 21/11/2002 08/04/2005, Campo Experimental da Embrapa Gado Leite, localizado em Valença-RJ, onde foram realizados 15 avaliação. No ensaio, avaliados 23 Panicum maximum, parcelas experimentais, dispostas delineamento blocos casualizados, três repetições. Foram...

The aphid Sipha flava (Forbes) is a pest on elephant grass, but little known about its biology. objective of this work was to evaluate the temperature effects development, survival and reproduction S. fed Pennisetum purpureum. Twelve-hour-old nymphs were individualized sections grass blades maintained at 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 32 degrees C+/-1 C, UR 70+/-10% 12 h photophase. A total 150 used per treatment divided in 30 replicates, using totally random design. lower threshold temperatures (LTT)...

The aim of this study was to determine the damage caused by adult Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) on Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain & Evard) under field conditions. A total 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16 M. adults per plot were maintained for 6 days. Thereafter, insects removed from plant, and following parameters evaluated: chlorophyll content, score, dry as well fresh weights, percentage shoots' matter, forage's ability regrow. content significantly reduced; score matter...

The spittlebug can seriously limit the production of forage, and use chemical products to control insect pests is costly harm environment. Thus, there a need reduce reliance on agents by developing new strategies. virulence nine strains entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) spittlebugs was investigated under laboratory greenhouse conditions. Fourth/fifth-instar nymphs Mahanarva spectabilis were exposed EPNs in most virulent applied at concentrations 2,000 4,000 EPNs/mL. efficacy pathogenic agent...

Abstract Several herbivorous insects utilize plant chemical cues to identify hosts for feeding. The role of smell in host detection by Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) remains largely unknown. In this study, assays were applied assess M . olfactory responses forage grasses ( Pennisetum purpureum cvs. Roxo Botucatu and Pioneiro; Panicum maximum Makueni Tanzânia; Hyparrhenia rufa cv. Jaraguá; Melinis minutiflora ; Cynodon dactylon Tifton; Brachiaria brizantha Marandú; decumbens Basilisk)....