Abstract The human brain's ability to extract and encode temporal regularities predict the timing of upcoming events is critical for music speech perception. This work addresses how these mechanisms deal with different levels complexity, here number distinct durations in rhythmic patterns. We use electroencephalography ( EEG ) relate mismatch negativity MMN ), a proxy neural prediction error, measure information content sequences, Shannon entropy. Within each three conditions, participants...

Aging is often associated with decline in brain processing power and neural predictive capabilities. To challenge this notion, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to record the whole-brain activity of 39 older adults (over 60 years old) 37 young (aged 18-25 years) during recognition previously memorised varied musical sequences. Results reveal that when recognising sequences, compared reshapes its functional organisation. In fact, it shows increased early...

Recent studies suggest that it is possible to predict an individual brain's spatial activation pattern in response a paradigm from their functional connectivity at rest (rsFC). However, unclear whether this prediction works across the brain. We here aim understand task can be best predicted local regions are highly specialised hand or there domain-independent brain carry most information about individual. To answer question, we used fMRI data participants (nonmusicians, N=52) and during...

Structural synaptic changes occur in medial prefrontal cortex circuits during remote memory formation. Whether extinction reverts or further reshapes these is, however, unknown. Here we show that the number and size of spines were enhanced anterior cingulate (aCC) infralimbic (ILC) cortices 36 d following contextual fear conditioning. Upon extinction, aCC spine density returned to baseline, but proportion large did not. Differently, ILC remained elevated, decreased dramatically. Thus,...

It has been proposed that languages evolve by adapting to the perceptual and cognitive constraints of human brain, developing, in course cultural transmission, structural regularities maximize or optimize learnability ease processing. To what extent would similarly affect evolution musical systems? We conducted an experiment on artificial melodic systems, using multi-generational signaling games as a laboratory model transmission. Signaling five-tone sequences signals, basic compound...

Evoked cortical responses (ERs) have mainly been studied in controlled experiments using simplified stimuli. Though, an outstanding question is how the human cortex responds to complex stimuli encountered realistic situations. Few electroencephalography (EEG) studies used Music Information Retrieval (MIR) tools extract P1/N1/P2 acoustical changes real music. However, less than ten events per music piece could be detected leading ERs due limitations automatic detection of sound onsets. Also,...

Music producers, whether original composers or performers, vary in their ability to acquire and faithfully transmit music. This form of variation may serve as a mechanism for the emergence new traits musical systems. In this study, we aim investigate individual differences social learning transmission music relate intrinsic neural dynamics auditory processing We combined resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an interactive laboratory model cultural transmission,...

Abstract Vividness of visual imagery is subject to individual variability, a phenomenon with largely unexplored neurobiological underpinnings. By analyzing data from 273 participants we explored the link between structural-functional organization brain connectomes and reported intensity (measured VVIQ-2). Employing graph theory analyses investigated both structural (DTI) functional (rs-fMRI) within network regions often implicated in imagery. Our results indicate relationship increased local...

Abstract Learning of complex auditory sequences such as music can be thought optimizing an internal model regularities through unpredicted events (or “prediction errors”). We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) and parametric empirical Bayes on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to identify modulation effective brain connectivity that takes place during perceptual learning tone patterns. Our approach differs from previous studies in two aspects. First, we a oddball paradigm...

It has recently been argued that symbolic systems evolve while they are being transmitted across generations of learners, gradually adapting to the relevant brain structures and processes. In context this hypothesis, little is known on whether individual differences in neural processing capacity account for aspects 'variation' observed behavior systems. We addressed issue domain auditory processing. conducted a combined behavioral EEG study 2 successive days. On day 1, participants listened...

Abstract Brain network analysis represents a powerful technique to gain insights into the connectivity profile characterizing individuals with different levels of fluid intelligence (G f ). Several studies have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and slow-oscillatory resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) examine anatomical functional aspects human brain networks that support intelligence. In this study, we expand line research by investigating fast-oscillatory networks. We performed graph theory...

<title>Abstract</title> Why are some humans more musical than others? Neither fully cognitive testing nor classical localizationist neuroscience alone can provide the whole picture. Here we test how interplay of brain organization and function delivers graded perceptual abilities in a distinctively human capacity. Our network-based study tests connectome variations affect music perception. We analyze multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive, behavioral data from 200+ participants,...

A core design feature of human communication systems and expressive behaviours is their temporal organization. The cultural evolutionary origins this remain unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that regularities in organization signalling sequences arise course transmission as adaptations to aspects cortical function. We conducted two experiments on rhythms associated with affective meanings, focusing one most widespread forms regularity language music: isochronicity. In first experiment,...

Abstract The intergenerational stability of auditory symbolic systems, such as music, is thought to rely on brain processes that allow the faithful transmission complex sounds. Little known about functional and structural aspects human which support this ability, with a few studies pointing bilateral organization networks putative neural substrate. Here, we further tested hypothesis by examining role left–right neuroanatomical asymmetries between cortices. We collected images from large...

<title>Abstract</title> There are pronounced differences in the degree to which individuals experience music-induced pleasure linked variations structural connectivity between auditory and reward areas. However, previous studies exploring link white matter structure music sensitivity (MRS) have relied on standard diffusion tensor imaging methods, present challenges terms of anatomical accuracy interpretability. Further, MRS regions outside auditory-reward networks, as well role musical...

One curious aspect of human timing is the organization rhythmic patterns in small integer ratios. Behavioral and neural research has shown that adjacent time intervals rhythms tend to be perceived reproduced as approximate fractions numbers (e.g., 3/2). Recent work on iterated learning reproduction further supports this: given a randomly timed drum pattern reproduce, participants subconsciously transform it toward The mechanisms accounting for this "attractor" phenomenon are little...

Abstract Compositionality is a hallmark of human language and other symbolic systems: finite set meaningful elements can be systematically combined to convey an open-ended array ideas. not uniformly distributed over expressions in or individuals’ communicative behavior: at both levels, variation observed. Here, we investigate the neural bases interindividual variability by probing relationship between intrinsic characteristics brain networks compositional behavior. We first collected...

Abstract There are pronounced differences in the degree to which individuals experience music-induced pleasure linked variations structural connectivity between auditory and reward areas. However, previous studies exploring link white matter structure music sensitivity (MRS) have relied on standard diffusion tensor imaging methods, present challenges terms of anatomical accuracy interpretability. Further, MRS regions outside auditory-reward networks, as well role musical training, yet be...

Abstract Investigating the transmission of information between individuals is essential to understand how human culture evolved. Coherent (i.e., without significant modifications or loss fidelity) helps preserving cultural traits and traditions over time, while innovation may lead new variants. Although much research has focused on cognitive mechanisms underlying transmission, little known brain underpinnings coherent information. To address this gap, we combined a laboratory model...

Abstract Aging is often associated with decline in brain processing power and neural predictive capabilities. To challenge this notion, we used the excellent temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record whole-brain activity 39 older adults (over 60 years old) 37 young (aged 18-25 years) during recognition previously memorised novel musical sequences. Our results demonstrate that independent behavioural measures, compared showed increased rapid auditory cortex responses...