We investigated the level of Chinese soccer fans' satisfaction with development professional in China on basis their attention to, and involvement with, Football Association Super League (CSL) its teams. Research participants ( N = 926) were spectators at CSL games who responded to a questionnaire. Results revealed that consumers paid negatively related league's operation marketing. These findings contradict existing theories beliefs positive consumer cognition leads affect, indicating...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the key factors that affect formulation regional strategies for developing and advancing sport industry in China.

Purpose This study was conducted to ensure that the selected antecedent concepts, including market demand and psychological factors, were fully focused studied in detail depth. The purpose of this paper is develop test a theoretical framework specifies direct indirect relationships among demand, perceived benefits, constraint, value, consumer satisfaction member commitment martial arts programs. Design/methodology/approach Research participants ( n =595) school participants, who resided USA....

Purpose The purpose of this study is to (1) identify the factors that affect adoption virtual reality (VR) for spectator sports, (2) examine differences in among four adopter categories (i.e. continuers, discontinuers, potentials and resistors) (3) determine whether these are useful discriminating categories, based on “diffusion innovation” “uses gratification” theories. Design/methodology/approach In total, 216 participants were included analysis. Logistic regression multiple analyses...

Purpose By using table tennis as an example and conducting in-depth investigation into the impact of market demand factors on membership consumption club members in USA, purpose this paper is to illustrate opportunities marketing efforts needed for Asian sports survive thrive North America, which consumer assessing core program features clubs were found be very influential cognitive, affective, behavioral consumptions members. Design/methodology/approach Through a review literature,...

The purpose of the study was to examine how multidimensional event operation quality factors (i.e., game operation, stadium quality, accessibility, and store operation) would influence perceived value in turn affect consumption behavior spectators at Wuhan Tennis Open. Based on reviewing literature, interviewing managers, conducting observations operations, a questionnaire developed administered during recent Structural equation model analyses revealed that varying extent, had positive...

This study purported to deepen the understanding of sport consumers' decision-making regarding Asian female sports based on concepts market demand and game support programmes. The effects three aspects events - including attractiveness, event promotion, operation value perception sports, revisiting intention, word-of-mouth, overall consumption frequency were empirically tested. Participants 677 spectators attending six professional basketball events. A two-step approach (CFA SEM) was...

Previous studies have indicated that young students who play sports look up to professional athletes and perceive these as their role models. However, empirical examine such perceptions comprehensively not been conducted. In order fill this gap in the literature, current study developed a multi-dimensional scale measure college student athletes’ attitudes toward athlete The eight-factor model has 40 items. results of indicate observe emulate eight dimensions model’s behavior on off court...

This study is to examine the different fan motivation factors existed depending on level of identification. Specifically, this determine if exposure brutal violence in MMA as a factor had greater effect consumption for low identified fans vs. high fans. The research was looking test whether more common than fans; where other (skill fighters and overall interest sport). target population participants 18 years over with MMA.. findings only revealed slight negative correlation between Results...

This study is cross-cultural, finding various sources of stress and identifying the differences between American Korean college-aged swimmers. A sample 70 elite swimming athletes in college from America Korea was recruited through an online survey. Through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), this finds factors stress: (1) environmental; (2) performance; (3) logistic access; (4) uncertainty; (5) patience. Additionally, identifies swimmers using Mann-Whitney test. Consequently, findings include...

The purpose of the current study is to identify if UN resolution for Olympic Truce affects peace around period Games based on functionalism. Methodologically, this uses a diverse case technique and compares two following cases: first Games, which did not have (The 1988 Seoul Summer Olympics), while other had 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics). This determines, firstly, that functional international organizations can actualize their common values (i.e., human rights) establish world order by...

COVID-19 continues to represent the challenge Taekwondo (TKD) schools. TKD schools have been closed and faced with decreasing participants due Pandemic. The purpose of this study is examine extent which service quality factors predict member intention for renewal in target population evaluated consisted individuals aged at least 18 years or older who had attended a This conducted members U.S.. A total 159 were recruited via both in-person online surveys. revealed that U.S. various...