The respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), as the key producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in plant development. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis was performed on 22 species, and 181 RBOH homologues were identified. A typical family identified only terrestrial plants, number RBOHs increased from non-angiosperms to angiosperms. Whole genome duplication (WGD)/segmental played gene expansion. Amino acid numbers ranged 98 1461, encoded proteins had...

Plant fatty acid desaturases (FADs) catalyze the desaturation of acids in various forms and play important roles regulating composition maintaining membrane fluidity under temperature stress. A total 30 FADs were identified from a maize genome, including 13 soluble 17 membrane-bound FADs, which further classified into two five sub-groups, respectively, via phylogenetic analysis. Although there is no evolutionary relationship between they all harbor highly conserved FA_desaturase domain,...

Low temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict growth and development maize seedlings. Membrane lipid metabolism remodeling are key strategies for plants to cope with stresses. In this study, an integrated lipidomic transcriptomic analysis was performed explore metabolic changes membrane lipids in roots seedlings under cold stress (5°C). The results revealed extraplastidic phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidic acid (PA),...

Membrane lipid modulation is one of the major strategies plants have developed for cold acclimation. In this study, a combined lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis was conducted, changes in glycerolipids contents species, transcriptional regulation metabolism maize leaves under low temperature treatment (5°C) were investigated. The showed an increase phospholipid phosphatidic acid (PA) decrease phosphatidylcholine (PC). And digalactosyldiacylglycerol monogalactosyldiacylglycerol...

Trihelix transcription factors are characterized by containing a conserved trihelix (helix-loop-helix-loop-helix) domain that binds to GT elements required for light response, and they play roles in stress abiotic responses. However, only few of them have been functionally characterized. In the present study, we function AST1 (Arabidopsis SIP1 clade Trihelix1) response salt osmotic stress. shows transcriptional activation activity, its expression is induced A sequence highly promoters genes...

Plant glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) catalyzes the reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to produce (G-3-P), and plays a key role in glycerolipid metabolism as well stress responses.In this study, we report cloning, enzymatic physiological characterization cytosolic NAD+-dependent GPDH from maize. The prokaryotic expression ZmGPDH1 E.coli showed that enzyme encoded by was capable catalyzing DHAP presence NADH. functional complementation analysis revealed able restore...

Salt stress limits plant growth and development. In this study, changes in membrane lipids were investigated leaves of sorghum seedlings subjected to salt (150 mmol L−1 NaCl). Galactolipids (DGDG MGDG) accounted for more than 65% the total glycerolipids leaves. The predominance C36 molecular species MGDG suggested that is an 18:3 plant. Under NaCl treatment, content major phospholipids (PC PE) increased, accompanied by activation their metabolism pathways at transcriptional level. contrast,...

NAC TFs play crucial roles in response to abiotic stresses plants. Here, ZmNAC071 was identified as a nuclear located transcriptional repressor. Overexpression of Arabidopsis enhanced sensitivity transgenic plants ABA and osmotic stress. The expression levels SODs, PODs, P5CSs, AtMYB61 were inhibited by ZmNAC071, which results reduced ROS scavenging proline content, increased level, water loss. Besides, the some or stress-related genes, like ABIs, RD29A, DREBs, LEAs also significantly...

Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids and can be classified as phospholipase-specific PLC (PI-PLC) non-specific (NPC) depending on its specific substrate. In this study, neomycin sulfate (NS, 100 mM) was used to inhibit activity phospholipase in maize seedlings, effect lipid metabolism investigated by combined analysis transcriptome lipidome. Lipidomic showed when inhibited, content phospholipids more than 10% increase due elevated...

Soil salinization is one of the leading threats to global ecosystems, food security, and crop production. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) are potential bioinoculants that offer an alternative eco-friendly agricultural approach enhance productivity from salt-deteriorating lands. The current work presents bacterial strain CNUC13 maize rhizosphere soil exerted several PGPR traits abiotic stress tolerance. tolerated up 1000 mM NaCl 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 showed plant...

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) catalyzes the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate, and plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism response to various stresses different species. In this study, six ZmGPDH genes were obtained by a thorough search against maize genome, designated as ZmGPDH1-6, respectively. The structural evolutionary analyses showed that ZmGPDHs family had typical conserved domains similar protein structures known GPDHs from other plant divided into...

NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) transcription factors play important roles in many biological processes, mainly bind to the NACRS with core sequences "CACG" or "CATGTG" regulate gene expression. However, whether proteins can other motifs without these remains unknown. In this study, we employed a Transcription Factor-Centered Yeast one Hybrid (TF-Centered Y1H) screen study recognized by ANAC074. addition cis-element, identified that ANAC074 could MybSt1, NRS1, NRS2. Y1H GUS assays showed...

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the only rate-limiting step in pathway of plant oil (TAG) biosynthesis and is involved development. In this study, five DGAT family members were identified from maize genome database. Phylogenetic analysis classified ZmDGATs into type-I, II, III clusters. Conserved functional domain revealed that proteins encoded by ZmDGAT1 contained conserved MBOAT domains, while two ZmDGAT2-encoding harbored LPLAT domains. qRT-PCR showed ZmDGAT genes...

Sicyos angulatus is an increasingly pervasive alien species, has been identified as a significant contributor to the deterioration of biodiversity within northern quadrant china. The objective this investigation was assess efficacy seven herbicides in suppressing growth S. seedlings, specifically targeting early developmental phase. application took place during trileaf stage, critical period. under scrutiny included Prometryn, Thifensulfuron methyl, Nicosulfuron, Mesotrione, Bentazone,...

Phospholipase C is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids and can be classified as phosphoinositide-specific PLC (PI-PLC) non-specific (NPC), depending on its hydrolytic substrate. In maize, function phospholipase has not been well characterized. this study, inhibitor neomycin sulfate (NS, 100 mM) was applied to maize seedlings investigate PLC. Under treatment sulfate, growth development were impaired, leaves gradually etiolated wilted. The analysis physiological...

Black shoot blight disease caused by <i>Erwinia pyrifoliae</i> has serious impacts on quality and yield in pear production Korea; therefore, rapid accurate methods for its detection are needed. However, traditional require a great deal of time fail to achieve absolute quantification. In the present study, we developed droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) method quantification <i>E. using pair species-specific primers. The range was 10<sup>3</sup> -...

Plants glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) catalyzes the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate, and plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism stress responses. In present study, knock-out mutants cytosolic GPDH (AtGPDHc2) wild-type Arabidopsis plants were treated with 0, 50, 100, 150 mmol L−1 NaCl to reveal effects AtGPDHc2 deficiency on salinity The fluctuation redox status, reactive oxygen species (ROS) antioxidant enzymes as well transcripts genes involved relevant processes...